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Volume 36, Issue 9
Displaying 1-50 of 77 articles from this issue
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DAISUKE YAMAMOTO, HIROFUMI OHISHI, MITSUGI KOZAWA, YOSHIHIKO INAMORI, ...1988 Volume 36 Issue 9 Pages 3239-3247
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe conformation of deoxypodophyllotoxin (anthricin) was determined by X-ray crystal structure analysis. Based on this data, possible conformations of seven other podophyllotoxin analogues were optimized using molecular mechanics calculation, and their atomic charges and molecular dipole moments were then calculated using CNDO/2 method. The relationships between these parameters and their biological activities were examined by simple regression analyses. It was suggested that the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) strand breakage activity is significantyl dependent on the distribution of the atomic charges in the podophyllotoxin structure, and the antimicrotubule activity on the steric parameters.View full abstractDownload PDF (756K) -
JEAN-CHARLES LANCELOT, MAX ROBBA, NGUYEN HUY DUNG, BERNARD VIOSSAT1988 Volume 36 Issue 9 Pages 3248-3252
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe synthesis of 4-methyl pyrido[3, 2-e]pyrrolo[1, 2-a]pyrazines was described. The starting material, 2-amino-4-methyl-3-nitropyridine, was converted into pyrrolyl derivative by using 2, 5-dimethoxytetrahydrofuran in glacial acetic aicd. Subsequent cyclization of the latter afforded the title compounds. The proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of the products was also studied.View full abstractDownload PDF (585K) -
YOSHIHIRO SUGIURA, SYUICHI FURUYA, YOSHIYASU FURUKAWA1988 Volume 36 Issue 9 Pages 3253-3256
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSN4-Isobutyryl- and -(2-ethylhexanoyl)cytosines (Ia, b) were synthesized by acylation of cytosine. N4, 2', 3', 5'-Tetraacylcytidines (III) were synthesized by two methods involving stannic chloride catalysis. One involeves condensation of N4-acylcytosines (I) and 1-O-acetyl-2, 3, 5-tri-O-benzoyl-β-D-ribofuranose (II), and the other involves transribosylation between N4-acylcytosines and acyl-inosines or -guanosines (IVa-d). N4-Octanoyl-2', 3', 5'-triacetylcytidine (IIIf) waS converted into cytidine by deacylation in a good yield.View full abstractDownload PDF (465K) -
CHUZO IWATA, MASAHIRO FUJITA, TOSHIO KUROKI, KOHJI HATTORI, SHUJI UCHI ...1988 Volume 36 Issue 9 Pages 3257-3263
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBoth enantiomers of 1, 7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane, a chiral compound with C2 symmetry, were stereoselectively synthesized from an (R)-sulfoxide compound 8. The reaction of menthyl (S)-p-toluenesulfinate with a Grignard reagent gave the chiral sulfoxide (8), which was derived to a dihydropyran (12) by a several-step sequence. The base-catalyzed intramolecular Michael reaction of 12 exclusively afforded a dioxaspiro product (13) as a single stereoisomer. An acidic treatment of 13 resulted in isomerization of the spiro center to give 14. Desulfurization of 13 and 14 over Raney nickel in the presence of sodium hydroxide gave (R) -and (S)-1, 7-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane (R-1 and S-1), respectively.View full abstractDownload PDF (749K) -
MATAO KANAOKA, SABURO YANO, HIROMI KATO1988 Volume 36 Issue 9 Pages 3264-3270
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS[3α-3H]3β-Hydroxy-18β-glycyrrhetic acid (5) for radioimmunoassay (RIA) of glycyrrhetic acid (GA) was prepared along with a small amount of the 3α-hydroxy compound (6) by the reduction of 3-oxo-18β-GA (1) with [3H]sodium borohydride.The ratios of 3β-hydroxy to 3α-hydroxy-GA (7 : 8 and 9 : 10) in the reduciton products of 3-oxo-GA (1 and 2) with sodium borohydride, with hindered borohydride and with aluminum isopropoxide were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Sodium borohydride and potassium tri-sec-butyl borohydride allowed stereoselective reduction of the 3-oxo group to the 3β-hydroxy and 3α-hydroxy group, respectively, leaving the 11-oxo group untouched. Potassium-tri-sec-butyl borohydride was the most useful reducing agent for preparation of 3α-hydroxy-GA(8 and 10) from 3-oxo-GA.Separation of the bound and free fraction for RIA of GA, in which anti-glycyrrhetyl-30-glycine-bovine serum albumin antiserum was used as the antibody, was carried out by a double antibody method using a goat antiserum to rabbit immunoglobulin G. A satisfactory standard curve for RIA of GA was obtained in the range of 2-200 ng/ml. The accuracy of this RIA of serum samples without extraction of GA from them is high, and should be satisfactory for application to pharmacodynamic studies of GA.View full abstractDownload PDF (779K) -
NOBUTAKA FUJII, SHIROH FUTAKI, SUSUMU FUNAKOSHI, KENICHI AKAJI, HIROSH ...1988 Volume 36 Issue 9 Pages 3271-3280
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA protected 33-residue peptide corresponding to the entire amino acid sequence of human cholecystokinin (hCCK-33) was synthesized by successive azide condensations of 7 peptide fragments of established purity. β-Cycloheptyl aspartate [Asp(OChp)] was employed to suppress base-catalyzed succinimide formation.View full abstractDownload PDF (1031K) -
NOBUTAKA FUJII, SHIROH FUTAKI, SUSUMU FUNAKOSHI, KENICHI AKAJI, HIROSH ...1988 Volume 36 Issue 9 Pages 3281-3291
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn unsulfated form of human cholecystokinin (hCCK-33) was synthesized by successive azide condensations of seven peptide fragments, followed by deprotection with 1 M trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate/trifluoroacetic acid. The phenolic group of Tyr (position 27) was selectively sulfated with pyridine-SO3 complex, after reversible masking of other functional groups with hard base (F-)-labile protecting groups, i.e., the amino functions with 9-fluorenyl-methyloxycarbonyl group and the hydroxyl functions of 4 Ser residues with tert-butyldiphenylsilyl groups. In terms of pancreatic protein output and capillary blood flow in dogs, the relative potency of synthetic hCCK-33 with respect to that of synthetic CCK-8 (taken as 1 on a molar basis) was 0.9. In terms of gastric acid and pepsin output in rat in vivo assays, synthetic hCCK-33 was about 2- to 3-fold more potent than CCK-8 on a molar basis.View full abstractDownload PDF (1075K) -
CHIHIRO ITO, TOYOKO MIZUNO, MIYUKI MATSUOKA, YOKO KIMURA, KAKO SATO, I ...1988 Volume 36 Issue 9 Pages 3292-3295
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA new flavonoid, citflavanone (1), and prenylated phenol derivatives, etrogol (7) and valencic acid (8), were isolated from roots and root barks of Citrus natsudaidai (natsudaidai), C. medica (etrog citron), C. sinensis (valencia orange), and several hybrid seedlings resulting from hyuga-natsu × hirakishu, and characterized. In order to determine the structure of citflavanone (1), prenylation of naringenin (3) was attempted to give 6- and 8-prenylnaringenin (4 and 5, respectively) as well as 6, 8-diprenylnaringenin (6). The location of the prenyl moiety in 4 and 5 was established by means of the long-range selective proton decoupling technique in nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry.View full abstractDownload PDF (569K) -
SHINZO KANO, TSUTOMU YOKOMATSU, HARUO IWASAWA, SHIROSHI SIBUYA1988 Volume 36 Issue 9 Pages 3296-3303
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSerythro N-Boc-1-Alkynyl-2-amino alcohols were treated with thionyl chloride in ether under ice-cooling to afford the corresponding 4, 5-trans-4, 5-disubstituted oxazolidin-2-ones which were easily converted to the corresponding threo N-Boc-2-amino alcohols. This diastereoconversion of erythro 2-amino alcohols was also applied to convert the threo-isomers to the corresponding erythro-isomers. However, the same reaction of N-Boc-1-alkenyl-2-amino alcohols failed to give diastereoconversion.View full abstractDownload PDF (867K) -
NOBUTAKA FUJII, TOSHIHIRO WATANABE, TAMAKI AOTAKE, AKIRA OTAKA, ITSUO ...1988 Volume 36 Issue 9 Pages 3304-3311
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA 37-residue peptide corresponding to the entire amino acid sequence of chicken calcitonin-gene-related peptide (cCGRP) was synthesized by successive assembling of seven peptide fragments via the azide, followed by acid treatments of protected cCGRP in two steps, i.e., first with trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) in the presence of diphenylsulfide to establish the disulfide bond between the Cys(MBzl) sulfoxide and the Cys(MBzl) residues (positions 2 and 7, respectively) and then with 1 M trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate in TFA to remove the rest of the protecting groups employed. The synthetic peptide suppressed the 45Ca release from mouse calvaria.View full abstractDownload PDF (873K) -
KANJI ISHIMARU, MAKOTO ISHIMATSU, GEN-ICHIRO NONAKA, KUNIHIDE MIHASHI, ...1988 Volume 36 Issue 9 Pages 3312-3318
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwo novel flavono-ellagitannins, mongolicins A (1) and B (4), in which hydrolysable tannin and flavonoid moieties are connected through a carbon-carbon linkage, were isolated from the bark of Quercus mongolica var. grosseserrata, together with a large quantity of (+)-taxifolin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3).View full abstractDownload PDF (672K) -
KANJI ISHIMARU, MAKOTO ISHIMATSU, GEN-ICHIRO NONAKA, KUNIHIDE MIHASHI, ...1988 Volume 36 Issue 9 Pages 3319-3327
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA novel procyanidino-ellagitannin, mongolicanin (1), has been isolated, together with three new tannins, mongolinin A (4), acutissimin C (7) and vescalagin carboxilic acid (8), from the bark of Quercus mongolica var. grosseserrata (Fagaceae), and the structure of these compounds were established on the basis of physicochemical data.View full abstractDownload PDF (835K) -
MASAYOSHI ITO, YUMIKO HIRATA, KIYOSHI TSUKIDA, NAOKI TANAKA, KENSAKU H ...1988 Volume 36 Issue 9 Pages 3328-3340
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSC22-Acetylenic and allenic apocarotenals (9, 17, 31-34) were synthesized by the C15+C7→C22 route. Their stereostructures are discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (1155K) -
SHINZO KANO, TSUTOMU YOKOMATSU, HARUO IWASAWA, SHIROSHI SHIBUYA1988 Volume 36 Issue 9 Pages 3341-3347
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS(2R, 3S)-N-Boc-2-Amino-3-hydroxy-1-phenylbutane (9a) and (2R, 3S)-N-Boc-2-amino-3-hydroxy-1-phenylpentane (9b) were converted to (3R, 4R)-N3-Boc-3, 4-diaminopentanoic acid (12a) and (3R, 4R)-N3-Boc-3, 4-diaminohexanoic acid (12b) through SN2 type substitution of the hydroxy group to an amino group and oxidation of the phenyl group to a carboxyl group. In a similar way, the (3R, 4S)-isomers (18a, b) were also synthesized from (2R, 3R)-N-Boc-2-amino-3-hydroxy-1-phenylbutane (15a) and (2R, 3R)-N-Boc-2-amino-3-hydroxy-1-phenylpentane (15b), respectively, derived from (2R, 3S)-N-Cbz-2-amino-3-hydroxy-1-phenylbutane (6a) and (2R, 3S)-N-Cbz-2-amino-3-hydroxy-1-phenylpentane (6b) by means of the diastereoconversion reaction.View full abstractDownload PDF (812K) -
TOZO FUJII, SHIGEYUKI YOSHIFUJI, HARUE ITO1988 Volume 36 Issue 9 Pages 3348-3353
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe "lactim ether route, " originally designed for unified racemic and chiral syntheses of the benzo[a]quinolizidine-type Alangium alkaloids, has been extended to cover the racemic syntheses of several indolo[2, 3-a]quinolizidine alkaloids (1 and 8c, d). The synthetic routes started from the lactams 5a, b and proceeded smoothly through the lactim ethers 6a, b, lactam ketones 7a, b, lactam alcohols 10a, b, and N-substituted lactams 9a, b.View full abstractDownload PDF (712K) -
NOBUYA KATAGIRI, HIROSHI WATANABE, CHIKARA KANEKO1988 Volume 36 Issue 9 Pages 3354-3372
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS6-Trifluoromethyl-1, 2, 4-triazines and -1, 2, 4-triazin-5-ones were synthesized to investigate the role of the trifluoromethyl group in their thermal as well as photochemical cycloaddition reactions with olefins. In photochemical 2+2 cycloaddition using the triazin-5-ones and -3, 5-diones, the activation of the imine function by the trifluoromethyl group is demonstrated and a new route to azetidine derivatives having a trifluoromethyl group is disclosed. In thermal 4+2 cycloaddition using the corresponding triazines, acceleration of the so-called inverse electron demand Diels-Alder reaction is demonstrated. Clarification of the mechanisms of these reactions and their use in the synthesis of azetidin-2-ones and pyridines having a trifluoromethyl group are also described.View full abstractDownload PDF (1796K) -
OSAMU HOSHINO, MIYUKI ISHIZAKI, SHOHEI SAWAKI, MASAYUKI YUASA, BUNSUKE ...1988 Volume 36 Issue 9 Pages 3373-3380
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA synthesis of seco-mesembrane alkaloids, (±)-joubertiamine (4), (±)-joubertinamine (5), and (±)-epijoubertinamine (6), was accomplished starting with 2-allyl-2-aryl-5, 5-ethylenedioxycyclohexanones (10 and 3), which are readily available by allylation of 2-aryl-5, 5-ethylenedioxycyclohexanones (9 and 16) with allyl bromide and 50% aqueous sodium hydroxide in the presence of 18-crown-6.View full abstractDownload PDF (871K) -
MITSUTERU NUMAZAWA, AYAKO MUTSUMI, MIEKO OGATA1988 Volume 36 Issue 9 Pages 3381-3386
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSReaction of the 3-oxo-4-androsten-derivative 1 or 4 with 1.2eq of o-iodosylbenzoic acid in methanolic KOH gave the methoxy products, the 4-methoxide 2 or 5 and the 6β-methoxide 3 or 6, along with the dehydrated compound, the 4, 6-dienone 7 or 8, respectively. Treatment of the 6-methoxide 3 or 6 with trimethylsilyl iodide yielded the 5α-androstane-3, 6-dioxo derivative 11 or 12 in high yield. The same hypervalent oxidation of the 17-oxo steroid 15, 18, 21 or 24 using excess iodine and a longer reaction time produced the corresponding 16α-hydroxy-17, 17-dimethylacetal 16, 19, 22 or 25, which was converted into the 16α-hydroxy-17-one 17, 20, 23 or 26 by treatment with diluted HCl in every case.View full abstractDownload PDF (657K) -
HIROSHI ITAZAKI, AKIKO KAWASAKI, MUNENORI MATSUURA, MOTOHIKO UEDA, YUK ...1988 Volume 36 Issue 9 Pages 3387-3403
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to study new sulfonamide diuretics, two series of 6- and 5-sulfamoyl-2, 3-dihydro-1, 4-benzodioxins were synthesized and tested for diuretic and antihypertensive activities in rats. Starting from 4-chloro(or 3, 4-dichloro)-1, 2-dihydroxybenzene, these sulfamoyl compounds were prepared by two different routes. In method A, 6-sulfamoyl compounds (8 or 11) were obtained by conversion of the nitro function into sulfonamide via the Sandmeyer reaction. In method B, 5-sulfamoyl compounds (16) were synthesized by direct introduction of sulfonyl chloride into the dihydrobenzodioxin, followed by amination. The sulfamoyl dihydrobenzodioxins showed lower diuretic and antihypertensive activities than trichloromethiazide.View full abstractDownload PDF (1498K) -
HIROSHI ITAZAKI, KUNIO HAYASHI, MUNENORI MATSUURA, YUKIO YONETANI, MAS ...1988 Volume 36 Issue 9 Pages 3404-3432
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS5(and 6)-Acyl-7, 8-dichloro-2, 3-dihydro-1, 4-benzodioxin-2-carboxylic acids (VI) and related compounds were synthesized and tested for diuretic and antihypertensive properties. These compounds (VI) were prepared by the reaction of 3, 4-dichloro-1, 2-dihydroxybenzene (2) with epibromohydrin (EBH) in the presence of a base and the Friedel-Crafts acylation, or by acylation of 2 and reaction with EBH, followed by oxidation. Acylation of 7, 8-dichlorodihydrobenzodioxin-2-ylmethanol (15a) gave the corresponding 5- and 6-acyl compounds, (17 and 10). Diuretic activity was generally observed when a 5-acyl substituent was present in the molecule. Compound 20e showed strong diuretic and antihypertensive activities, like indacrinone (II).View full abstractDownload PDF (1965K) -
KOJI IUCHI, KEIZO ITO, GORO TSUKAMOTO1988 Volume 36 Issue 9 Pages 3433-3438
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSN-Acyl-γ-D-glutamyl peptide derivatives containing a C-terminal small fragment of cholecystokinin were prepared and their effects on gastric secretion were investigated. PhCO-D-Glu(Phe-NH2)-NPr2 and PhCO-D-Glu(Asp-Phe-NH2)-NPr2 inhibited gastric secretion, while PhCO-D-Glu(Met-Asp-Phe-NH2)-NPr2 and PhCO-D-Glu(Trp-Met-Asp-Phe-NH2)-NPr2 stimulated gastric secretion. The substitution of the acyl function at the N-terminal of PhCO-D-Glu(Phe-NH2)-NPr2 affected the activity. Z-D-Glu(Phe-NH2)-NPr2, 4-chlorobenzoyl-D-Glu-(Phe-NH2)-NPr2 and isonicotinoyl-D-Glu(Phe-NH2)-NPr2 were found to have more potent inhibitory activity against gastric secretion than proglumide (PhCO-DL-Glu-NPr2).View full abstractDownload PDF (792K) -
MASAHIDE NOJI, MOTOKO HANAI, TAKAYUKI OHMORI, TAZUKO TASHIRO, KENJIRO ...1988 Volume 36 Issue 9 Pages 3439-3446
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNew antitumor-active Pt(II) complexes of (1R, 2R)-cyclohexanediamine (=(1R, 2R)-dach) and 2-(aminomethyl)cyclohexylamine (=amcha) isomers containing D-glucuronate, D-gluconate, tetra-O-acetylglucuronate (=Ac4-glucuronate) or tetra-O-acetylgluconate (=Ac4-gluconate) as a leaving group were synthesized. The structures of the Pt(II) complexes were determined by analyzing the infrared and 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance spectra and it was concluded that these leaving groups coordinate to the central Pt(II) ions through the carboxyl groups. Antitumor activities of the Pt(II) complexes were tested against murine leukemia L1210 according to the protocol of the National Cancer Institute (Bethesda, Md.). All the Pt(II) complexes synthesized were antitumor-active. In particular, water-soluble Pt(gluconato)(NO3)(cis-amcha) and lipo-soluble Pt(Ac4-β-glucuronato)2-((1R, 2R)-dach) exhibited excellent antitumor activity, giving T/C% values of 317 and 388, respectively, each with four cured mice out of six at a dose of 50 mg/kg. These two Pt(II) complexes are considered to be worthy of further development.View full abstractDownload PDF (825K) -
KENJI AKAHANE, TETSUHIDE KAMIJO, KINJI IIZUKA, TAKEO TAGUCHI, YOSHIRO ...1988 Volume 36 Issue 9 Pages 3447-3452
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe structure-activity relationship of acyl-His-trifluorinated leucinol derivatives as inhibitors of human renal renin is discussed based upon the tertiary structure of human renin, which was deduced from the crystal structure of penicillopepsin by assuming structural similarity. The structural requirements for the inhibitors and possible interactions at the renin binding site are discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (790K) -
MASATOSHI YAMATO, KUNIKO HASHIGAKI, SUSUMU HITOMI, SHIGETAKA ISHIKAWA1988 Volume 36 Issue 9 Pages 3453-3461
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNumerous analogues of N-phenethyl-2-(isochroman-1-yl)-1-methylethylamine (3b), previously found to have inhibitory activity against aspirin-induced ulcer and no gastric antisecretory activity, were prepared and examined for gastric antisecretory activity and inhibitory activity against aspirin-induced ulcers in rats. It was found that a basic amine moiety is required for the antiulcer activity. Replacement of the isochroman ring of 3b by a thioisochroman, chroman, or tetralin ring resulted in a drastic change in the antiulcer activity. Among them, the chroman analogue N-phenethyl-2-(chroman-4-yl)-1-methylethylamine (32b) was found to have the most potent antiulcer activity, comparable with that of 3b.View full abstractDownload PDF (844K) -
KATSUHIKO HINO, HIDEO NAKAMURA, SHIRO KATO, AKIRA IRIE, YASUTAKA NAGAI ...1988 Volume 36 Issue 9 Pages 3462-3467
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe metabolites (3 and 4) of 10, 11-dihydro-8, α-dimethyl-11-oxodibenz[b, f]oxepin-2-acetic acid (bermoprofen, AD-1590, 1), a promising antiinflammatory drug, were synthesized to confirm the proposed structures, and all the metabolites (2-4) were tested for activity in the carrageenin-induced edema test in rats. Metabolites 2 and 3 showed slight inhibition but 4 had no effect after intravenous administration.View full abstractDownload PDF (671K) -
HIROYUKI YAMAGUCHI, RYOJI KASAI, HIROMICHI MATSUURA, OSAMU TANAKA, TOR ...1988 Volume 36 Issue 9 Pages 3468-3473
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHigh-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) of the glucuronide saponin (ginsenoside-Ro) and malonyl-saponins (malonyl-ginsenosides-Rb1, -Rb2, -Rc and -Rd) in ginseng root was investigated. Separation of these acidic saponins as well as the major neutral saponins could be achieved by HPLC either on an octadecyl silica column or on an amino column by using aqueous acetonitrile containing KH2PO4 (the former column) or H3PO4 (the latter column) as the mobile phase. By means of this procedure, the contents of acidic and neutral saponins of Panax ginseng, P. quinquefolium (American ginseng), P. japonicus collected in South Kyushu, P. notoginseng (Sanchiginseng) and Panax species collected at central Nepal were determined and compared.View full abstractDownload PDF (609K) -
SACHIO DEMIZU, KIICHIRO KAJIYAMA, KUNIO TAKAHASHI, YUKIO HIRAGA, SUSUM ...1988 Volume 36 Issue 9 Pages 3474-3479
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA new 2-arylbenzofuran derivative named licocoumarone (IIa) was isolated from commercially available xibei licorice (seihoku kanzo) along with a known 3-arylcoumarin derivative, glycycoumarin (Ia), and the structure of IIa was elucidated as 2-(2, 4-dihydroxyphenyl)-6-hydroxy-4-methoxy-5-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)coumarone on the basis of spectroscopic and chemical studies. Both Ia and IIa exhibited antimicrobial activities, whereas only IIa had antioxidant activity.View full abstractDownload PDF (634K) -
TOSHINOBU MORITA, TSUYOSHI USHIROGUCHI, NORIHIRO HAYASHI, HIROMICHI MA ...1988 Volume 36 Issue 9 Pages 3480-3486
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFrom bulbs of Allium ampeloprasum L. (elephant garlic : Liliaceae), a new spirostane-type saponin, named ampeloside Bs1 (7), and two new furostane-type saponins, named ampelosides-Bf1 (8) and -Bf2 (9), were isolated along with a known spirostane-type saponin, the prosapogenin of aginoside (1). The structures of the new saponins (7-9) were established as agigenin 3-O-β-glucopyranosyl(1→3)-β-glucopyranosyl(1→4)-β-galactopyranoside, (25R)-26-O-β-glucopyranosyl-22-hydroxy-5α-furostane-2α, 3β, 6β, 26-tetraol-3-O-β-glucopyranosyl(1→3)-β-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-galactopyranoside and (25R)-26-O-β-glucopyranosyl-22-hydroxy-5α-furostane-2α, 3β, 6β, 26-tetraol-3-O-β-glucopyranosyl(1→4)-β-galactopyranoside, respectively. Antifungal activity of these saponins (1, 7 and 8) is discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (728K) -
MIZUO MIZUNO, MUNEKAZU IINUMA, TOSHIYUKI TANAKA, NORIO SAKAKIBARA, SAK ...1988 Volume 36 Issue 9 Pages 3487-3490
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwenty peaks due to flavonol glycosides of Epimedium species were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography. The structural alterations of the glycosides caused by physical factors such as heat, light and oxygen were investigated as a measure of the quality of the plant.View full abstractDownload PDF (467K) -
YASUHIRO SASAKI, KENJI MIZUTANI, RYOJI KASAI, OSAMU TANAKA1988 Volume 36 Issue 9 Pages 3491-3495
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSLicorice root is often co-prescribed with Bupleuri Radix (Bupleurum root) for decoctions used in oriental traditional medicine. It was found that the water solubility of saikosaponin-a, the active principle of Bupleurum root, was increased in the presence of the water extract or the saponin fraction of licorice root and this solubilizing effect was due to glycyrrhizin, the major active saponin of this plant drug. A solubilizing effect on saikosaponin-a was also observed with the 30-β-glucoside ester and 30-β-glucuronide ester of glycyrrhizin. The 30-β-glucoside ester improved the solubilizing property of glycyrrhizin. Aqueous solutions of the 30-β-glucoside ester and the 30-β-glucuronide ester solubilized dl-α-tocopherol and oleanolic acid, both of which are almost insoluble in water.View full abstractDownload PDF (579K) -
EISUKE SATO, AKIRA MATSUHISA, MARI SAKASHITA, YUICHI KANAOKA1988 Volume 36 Issue 9 Pages 3496-3502
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe synthesis and properties of a water-soluble fluorogenic amine, 7-aminocoumarin-4-methanesulfonic acid (ACMS, 5) are described. Several peptide amides of 5 were synthesized and examined as new fluorogenic substrates for chymotrypsin, trypsin and related enzymes.View full abstractDownload PDF (839K) -
Jos H. BEIJNEN, Cees NEEF, Jaap BOUMA, Adolf C.A. PAALMAN, Willy J.M. ...1988 Volume 36 Issue 9 Pages 3503-3511
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA high-performance liquid chromatographic procedure, including sample pretreatment, is presented for the analysis of 4-demethoxydaunorubicin, the C13 hydroxy metabolite 4-demethoxy-daunorubicinol and four possible aglycone metabolites, 4-demethoxydaunorubicinone, 4-demethoxydaunorubicinolone, 4-demethoxy-7-deoxydaunorubicinone and 4-demethoxy-7-deoxydaunorubicinolone, in plasma and urine samples. Doxorubicin has been utilized as the internal standard of the assay. The sample pretreatment involves liquid-liquid extraction of the buffered (pH 9) biological matrix with chloroform-1-propanol (4 : 1, v/v). Separation of the compounds has been achieved by using a Lichrosorb RP-8 (5 μm) column and by isocratic elution with a mobile phase composed of acetonitrile-phosphate buffer, pH 2.4 (70 : 30, w/w). The flow rate is 1.5 ml/min. Fluorescence detection with excitation at 460 nm and monitoring at 540 nm was applied. The detection limit is 1 ng/ml (using 1.0 ml samples). The applicability of the assay has been demonstrated in a pharmacokinetic study with two rabbits. In plasma, 4-demethoxydaunorubicinol and 4-demethoxydaunorubicinolone were observed as metabolites, whereas 4-demethoxydaunorubicinol was the main metabolite present in urine. Fitting of the plasma concentration versus time curves showed a three-compartment model to give a better description of the plasm concentration-time curves than a two-compartment model.View full abstractDownload PDF (778K) -
RIEKO MATSUDA, MUMIO ISHIBASHI, YASUSHI TAKEDA1988 Volume 36 Issue 9 Pages 3512-3518
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn automated system for the optimization of experimental conditions was applied to the reaction of carboxylic acid. This system consists of a laboratory robotic system, a spectrophotometer, and a personal computer which are interfaced with each other. The optimum conditions were obtained according to the super modified simplex algorithm. This model reaction involved 3 or 4 parameters, and was optimized after 28 experiments at most. The effects of the initial simplex as well as the feasibility and efficiency of the system are discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (680K) -
TADASHI OHKUBO, FUMIKO TSUCHIKO, TATSUYOSHI WAKASAWA, TOSHIO NAMBARA1988 Volume 36 Issue 9 Pages 3519-3524
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA new hapten-carrier conjugate was prepared from 15β-(2-carboxyethylthio)-2-hydroxy-estrone by coupling to bovine serum albumin employing the mixed anhydride technique. The specificity of anti-2-hydroxyestrone antiserum elicited in rabbits by immunization with this antigen was assessed by cross-reaction studies with related steroids in the radioimmunoassay procedure and the results are discussed from the structural point of view.View full abstractDownload PDF (670K) -
HIROSHI HOSODA, REIKO TSUKAMOTO, SAKIKO TAMURA, TOSHIO NAMBARA1988 Volume 36 Issue 9 Pages 3525-3531
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMethods for separating bound and free fractions in steroid enzyme immunoassay with a monoclonal antibody are described. Three liquid-phase separation techniques and related preincubation methods were studied using β-galactosidase and horseradish peroxidase as labels. In the double- and triple-antibody systems, the effects of concentrations of first, second and third antibodies, including anti-immunoglobulin G Fc fragment antisera, and incubation times on immune precipitation were examined. Differences between the two enzyme labels in immunoreactivity were observed in some cases; this can be explained in terms of a steric interaction. Under optimal conditions, a dose-response curve with a high sensitivity was obtained in each 11-deoxycortisol assay system.View full abstractDownload PDF (680K) -
MASAYOSHI YAMAGUCHI, SEIICHI MORI, SHINJI KATO1988 Volume 36 Issue 9 Pages 3532-3539
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of regucalcin, a calcium-binding protein isolaetd from rat liver cytosol, on (Ca2+-Mg2+)-adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity in the plasma membranes of rat liver was investigated. 125I-Regucalcin bound to the plasma membranes in the presence or absence of 0.1 mM Ca2+. Regucalcin (0.35 μM) increased the plasma membrane (Ca2+-Mg2+)-ATPase activity about 15% (p<0.01), and a higher concentration (4.0 μM) showed a remarkable effect. Also, regucalcin (0.35-2.0 μM) markedly increased the plasma membrane Mg2+-ATPase activity in the absence of Ca2+. The effect of regucalcin on (Ca2+-Mg2+)-ATPase activity was not regulated by the presence of guanosine-5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) (10-5 and 10<-4>M), glucagon (10-6 and 10-5M) or norepinephrine (10-7-10<-5>M), suggesting that the regucalcin effect is not linked to guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-binding protein in the plasma membranes. Vanadium (10 and 10 μM), which inhibits the phosphorylation of liver plasma membrane (Ca2+-Mg2+)-ATPase, decreased the enzyme activity about 20% (p<0.01). This decrease was completely restored by the presence of regucalcin (1.0 μM). The present results indicate that regucalcin binds to the plasma membranes of liver cells and increases the (Ca2+-Mg2+)-ATPase activity. Regucalcin may be an activator of (Ca2+-Mg2+)-ATPase in the plasma membranes.View full abstractDownload PDF (839K) -
Fluorometric Studies on the Role of Calcium in Substrate Binding to 3-Ketovalidoxylamine A C-N LyaseMASAYOSHI TAKEUCHI, NAOKI ASANO, YUKIHIKO KAMEDA, KATSUHIKO MATSUI1988 Volume 36 Issue 9 Pages 3540-3545
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the present work, we studied the role of Ca2+ in the interaction between 3-ketovalidoxylamine A C-N lyase and its substrate in terms of the intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence of this enzyme. Intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence of the C-N lyase (1 μM), in the presence of endogenous Ca2+ (about 10 μM), was quenched by the addition of a substrate of the lyase, such as methyl-α-D-3-ketoglucoside or 3-ketotrehalose. The intensity of fluorescence returned to its original level in the absence of substrate when 0.1 mM ethylene glycol bis(2-aminoethylether)tetraacetic acid (EGTA) was added. In the presence of excess EGTA, however, the intrinsic fluorescence of the enzyme was unchanged by the addition of the substrates. The intensity of the fluorescence was also not changed by the addition of 0.1 mM CaCl2 or EGTA alone. The substrate-dependent changes in the intrinsic fluorescence completely, disappeared, showing a red shift of the emission maximum, by about 12 nm, at 0.4 M or more of guanidine HCl. These experimental results suggest that Ca2+ has an important role in the binding of the substrate to the C-N lyase by maintaining the correct microenvironment and/or conformation around the tryptophan residue(s) of the enzyme molecule. The pH-dependent profiles of the Kd for the substrate binding to the lyase and C-O lyase activity indicate that the catalytic activity is not always correlated to the ability of the substrate to bind to the enzyme.View full abstractDownload PDF (649K) -
SHIGERU TABATA, KENTARO TANAKA1988 Volume 36 Issue 9 Pages 3546-3556
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSGastrointestinal Fe absorption from an Fe(II)-oligosaccharide complex (designated Bl-c) produced in wine by yeast and showing high hematopoietic activity in rats was examined. Oral administration to rats of 59Fe-labeled Bl-c (10-250 μg Fe/body) resulted in effective Fe absorption and incorporation into hemoglobin, particularly at high doses (both parameters at 250 μg Fe/body were about 3 times and twice the values with FeSO4 and ferrous ascorbate, respectively, used as reference compounds). When Bl-c was injected into rat gastrointestinal loops, the duodenum showed the highest Fe absorption. Experiments with duodenal loops and everted rat duodenal sacs showed that both Fe tissue uptake and transfer to the serosal side from Bl-c tended to saturate at high concentrations, depended on the temperature and pH of the mucosal medium, and were affected by metabolic inhibitors. This suggests that a special transport system other than passive diffusion may be involved in gastrointestinal Fe absorption from Bl-c and contribute to the high absorption of Bl-c. Gel filtration patterns of Fe transferred into the serosal medium before and after glycosidase treatment and its infrared spectra indicated that most of the Fe transferred from the Bl-c-added mucosal medium (except at quite low concentrations) was an oligosaccharide-Fe complex similar to intact Bl-c.View full abstractDownload PDF (1012K) -
YUJI TOKUNAGA, TOMOAKI IWASA, JIRO FUJISAKI, SEIJI SAWAI, AKIRA KAGAYA ...1988 Volume 36 Issue 9 Pages 3557-3564
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSVarious types of unilamellar liposomes possessing a narrow size distribution were prepared by controlled dialysis and their blood clearance was studied in mice and rats to assess their suitability as drug carriers for intravenously injectable liposomal sustained-release delivery systems. Also, the utility of these liposomal carrier systems combined with lipophilic prodrugs of mitomycin C (MMC) was evaluated. The fate of the liposomes was monitored uisng N-4-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1, 3-diazole-dipalmitoylphosphatidylethanolamine (NBD-PE), a liposomal membrane marker. The effect of vesicle size on the blood clearance was investigated for neutral liposomes. Small-sized (S-) liposomes (90±15 nm) were cleared slowly compared with medium-sized (M-) liposomes (181±31 nm) and large-sized liposomes (281±38 nm). Surface charge was also an important determinant of the disposition of small-sized liposomes. S-Liposomes were retained in the circulation longer than positively (S+-) and negatively (S--) charged liposomes. The integrity of S-liposomes in the circulation was examined by simultaneous determination of NBD-PE and carboxyfluorescein (CF) entrapped in the liposomal membrane and liposomal aqueous phase, respectively. CF administered in the liposome-encapsulated form was cleared slowly in a fashion similar to NBD-PE, while free CF, administered as an aqueous solution, was rapidly removed from the circulation. These results reveal that S-liposomes show the best pharmacokinetic properties as a carrier vehicle for intravenously injectable sustained-release delivery systems. S-Liposomes loaded with the lipophilic MMC prodrug, N-(cholesteryloxycarbonyl)glycyl MMC or cholesteryloxyacetyl MMC, successfully gave sustained blood levels of the parent drug following intravenous injection. Thus, the potential utility of MMC prodrug-bearing S-liposomes as an intravenously injectable MMC sustained-release dosage form was demonstrated.View full abstractDownload PDF (865K) -
YUJI TOKUNAGA, TOMOAKI IWASA, JIRO FUJISAKI, SEIJI SAWAI, AKIRA KAGAYA ...1988 Volume 36 Issue 9 Pages 3565-3573
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn intravenously injectable sustained-release delivery system for mitomycin C (MMC) was prepared by formulating a lipophilic MMC prodrug, N-(cholesteryloxycarbonyl)glycyl MMC (COCG-MMC), in unilamellar liposomes, and its blood disposition and antitumor activity were investigated in mice. Liposomes composed of egg phosphatidylcholine, egg sphingomyelin and COCG-MMC in a molar ratio of 7 : 3 : X (X=0-2.7) were prepared by the combination of controlled dialysis or sonication and sequential extrusion. All the preparations prepared by controlled dialysis showed a fairly narrow size distribution. After intavenous injection of COCG-MMC-bearing liposomes at a dose of 20 μmol/kg as a prodrug, the blood levels of regenerated MMC were maintained for the first 7 h in the range of 1.16 to 0.48 μM. In contrast, when an equimolar amount of MMC was given in an aqueous solution, MMC was rapidly cleared with little remaining in the circulation after 2 h. COCG-MMC exhibited significant cytotoxicity against P 388 leukemia in vitro and its activity was approximately one-third that of the parent drug. Prodrug-bearing liposomes inhibited the growth of subcutaneously-implanted Colon 26 adenocarcinoma and human mammary carcinoma MX-1 xenograft. Compared with MMC aqueous solution, prodrug-bearing liposomes showed reduced antitumor activity and reduced toxicity. In each tumor system, the body weight change differences (test minus controls), indices of host toxicity, at the ID50's (the doses which inhibit tumor growth to 50% of controls) showed no significant difference between these dosage forms. The results indicate that COCG-MMC-bearing liposomes successully maintain blood MMC levels over a prolonged period of time, but their therapeutic efficacy is almost equal to that of MMC aqueous solution.View full abstractDownload PDF (859K) -
YUJI TOKUNAGA, TOMOAKI IWASA, JIRO FUJISAKI, SEIJI SAWAI, AKIRA KAGAYA ...1988 Volume 36 Issue 9 Pages 3574-3583
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA lipophilic prodrug of 1-β-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine (Ara-C), namely N4-[N-(cholesteryl-oxycarbonyl)glycyl]-Ara-C (COCG-Ara-C), was synthesized and its antitumor activity in a liposome-entrapped form was studied. COCG-Ara-C showed an increaesd lipophilicity and almost complete entrapment in liposomes. COCG-Ara-C was hydrolyzed to the parent drug chemically, but the hydrolysis was accelerated in the presence of mouse, rat and human plasma. The in vitro cytoxicity of the prodrug against P 388 leukemia was approximately one-fifth that of Ara-C and four times that of N4-behenoyl-Ara-C (BHAC). For in vivo antitumor activity tests, unilamellar vesicles composed of egg phosphatidylcholine (PC), egg sphingomyelin (SM) and COCG-Ara-C in a molar ratio of 7 : 3 : X (X=0-2.0) were prepared by the combination of controlled dialysis and sequential extrusion. The vesicle size ranged from 108±18 nm to 124±18 nm. In all the antitumor activity studies, chemotherapy was performed intravenously. The antitumor activity of COCG-Ara-C-bearing liposomes against intraperitoneally- or intravenously-inoculated mouse L 1210 leukemia was clearly superior to those of Ara-C and BHAC aqueous solutions. The efficacy of COCG-Ara-C against L 1210 leukemia was dependent upon the dosage form : regardless of implantation route, liposomal COCG-Ara-C showed a more potent activity than free COCG-Ara-C (aqueous solution). Prodrug-bearing liposomes also inhibited the growth of a human lung adenocarcinoma A 549 xenograft implanted under the renal capsule more efficiently than did Ara-C and BHAC aqueous solutions. These results suggest the potential usefulness of COCG-Ara-C-bearing liposomes in cancer chemotherapy.View full abstractDownload PDF (1074K) -
HISAKAZU SUNADA, YOSHIKO HIRAI, AKINOBU OTSUKA, YORINOBU YONEZAWA1988 Volume 36 Issue 9 Pages 3584-3588
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe flocculation-deflocculation mechanism of granulated stearyl alcohol dispersed on the surface of aqueous media in the presence of surface-active agents was examined. The flocculation rate was estimated on the assumption of a second-order rate process. The flocculation rate decreased at first, and then increased to the maximum value with increasing concentration of the surface-active agent. Thereafter, the flocculation rate decreased, and reached an almost constant value. The profiles of change of the flocculation rate with concentration of surface-active agent in the systems containing various kinds of surface-active agents were similar. However, taking account of the critical micelle concentration, the profiles could be classified into two patterns. One reason for the difference between the profiles was supposed to be the difference in structure of the surface-active agents. The flocculation behavior is discussed in relation to the effects of hydrophobic interaction, electrorepulsive force and steric hindrance.View full abstractDownload PDF (554K) -
CHOICHIRO MIYAZAKI, KENJI MATSUYAMA, MASATAKA ICHIKAWA, SHIGERU GOTO1988 Volume 36 Issue 9 Pages 3589-3594
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSChanges of aspartate, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamate, taurine, glutamine and glycine were examined after the intraperitoneal administration of sodium valproate (VPA) to mice at a dose of 200 mg/kg. Brain levels of glutamate and aspartate were significantly reduced by VPA, while the level of GABA was significantly increased. Higher doses of VPA significantyl increased the brain levels of glutamine and glycine. These changes seem to be correlated to VPA-induced encephalopathy.View full abstractDownload PDF (711K) -
TOSHIHIKO IKEDA, MASAAKI HORIGUCHI, KAZUMI SHIMIZU, IZUMI MORI, NAOTOS ...1988 Volume 36 Issue 9 Pages 3595-3603
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPlaunotol, a new anti-ulcer isoprenoid (C20) which possesses two hydroxyl groups at the 1- and 18-positions, was readily conjugated with fatty acids by esterification in a rat liver homogenate system without added cofactors. The hydroxyl group at the 1-position was exclusievly esterified in vitro. The fatty acid conjugates of plaunotol served as substrates for cholesterol esterase. After purification by thin layer chromatography and high performance liquid chromatrography, esters with palmitic, oleic and stearic acids were identified by comparing the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with those of synthesized authentic standards.View full abstractDownload PDF (846K) -
MAMIKO KAI, ATSUKO NODA, HIROSHI NODA, SHIGERU GOTO1988 Volume 36 Issue 9 Pages 3604-3608
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study was undertaken to evaluate the relationship between the structure and monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitory activity of a new series of tricyclic compounds, represented by tetrazolo-[5, 1-a]phthalazine (Tetra-P), which are based on the pentanthrene skeleton (Fig. 1.). Eleven tricyclic compounds analogous to Tetra-P were synthesized and tested as MAO inhibitors in vitro. Some of them, 1, 2, 3-triazolo[1, 5-a]quinoline (Tri-Q), tetrazolo[5, 1-a]isoquinoline (Tetra-I), 1, 2, 3-triazolo-[5, 1-a]isoquinoline (Tri-I2) and 1H-naphtho[1, 2-d]triazole (Tri-N), were found to have potent MAO inhibitory effects almost equal to that of iproniazid or nialamide. In this series of compounds, the addition of the C ring to the bicyclic skeleton seemed to produce an increase in MAO inhibitory potency compared with the corresponding bicyclic compounds. The sequence of nitrogen atoms of the C ring appeared to be important for the MAO inhibitory effect. It was concluded that the electronic conditions around the C ring are critical for the interaction between MAO and these inhibitors.View full abstractDownload PDF (473K) -
SUGURU TAKEO, HISAO KADO, HISAO YAMAMOTO, MINORU KAMIMURA, NOBUHIRO WA ...1988 Volume 36 Issue 9 Pages 3609-3613
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn antitumor polysaccharide RON was obtained by fractionating RBS (a saccharide derived from rice bran) as the non-adsorbed fraction on diethylaminoethyl-Sepharose CL-6B. RON is a dextran-like α-glucan composed mainly of α-1, 6-glucosidic linkages with a small amount of C-3 branches. Methylation analysis showed that the molar ratio of non reducing terminal : 1, 6-linkage : 1, 3, 6-linkage was 1 : 25 : 1.2. Its molecular weight is over 1000 kilodaltons (kDa), the specific rotation is [α]20D +205°, it contains almost no protein and no starch, and it contains a small amount of inorganic substances.RON has potent antitumor activities against syngeneic tumors, Meth-A fibrosacoma and Lewis lung carcinoma not only by intraperitoneal administration but also by oral administration, having optimum doses around 30 mg/kg. It is rare that an α-glucan such as RON has potent antitumor activities. Therefore, RON could be an interesting material to elucidate the relationship between the structure and antitumor activities of polysaccharides.View full abstractDownload PDF (571K) -
YOSHIO OKADA, SHIN IGUCHI, SHIGERU NAKAYAMA, YUTAKA KIKUCHI, MASACHIKA ...1988 Volume 36 Issue 9 Pages 3614-3618
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe common N-terminal heptapeptide, Ac-Met-Asp-Pro-Asn-Cys-Ser-Cys-OH, Ac-(MT II 1-7)-OH, of mammalian metallothioneins (MTs) was synthesised by a conventional solution method using newly developed β-2-adamantylasparate. This peptide was as reactive as native MT with a monoclonal antibody produced against rat Zn-MT II.View full abstractDownload PDF (630K) -
YUEH-HSIUNG KUO, YUN-LIAN LIN, SHU-MEI LEE1988 Volume 36 Issue 9 Pages 3619-3622
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe structure of scutellaric acid, a new oleanane type triterpene acid isolated from Scutellaria rivularis, was determined on the basis of spectral and chemical correlations.View full abstractDownload PDF (430K) -
YOSHIYASU KITAHARA, SHINSUKE NAKAHARA, YUICHI KOIZUMI, HARUMI MURANISH ...1988 Volume 36 Issue 9 Pages 3623-3627
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe oxidative demethylation of 5, 7, 8-trimethoxy-1, 2, 3, 4-tetrahydroisoquinolines to the corresponding 7-methoxy-1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8-hexahydroisoquinoline-5, 8-diones is described.View full abstractDownload PDF (604K) -
TADASHI OKAWARA, NORIHIRO IKEDA, TETSUO YAMASAKI, MITSURU FURUKAWA1988 Volume 36 Issue 9 Pages 3628-3631
Published: September 25, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: March 31, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSReduction of activated intermediates derived from 6-nitro-1-(2-nitrophenylsulfonyloxy)-benzotriazole and carboxylic acids with sodium borohydride readily afforded the corresponding alcohols in 71-93% yields.View full abstractDownload PDF (432K)