Data has been presented which indicate that blccds of the phenotypes c^v, rh^G (G), and rh′^N (C^N) closely resemble one another. A similarity was shown by the use of anti rhi (Ce) serum which did not agglutinate any of those invsstigated in this study. These bloods may be further classified according to their titration scores with anti-rh′ (C) and anti-hr" (e) sera. The generic agglutinogen notation, rh^G, has been retained with attached modifiers indicating the nature of the differences between rh^G bloods. In order to explain the failure of anti-rh_i (Ce) serum to agglutinate rh^G, bloods, a hypothesis has been evolved which embodies Wiener's concepts of the Rh agglutinogen and its associated blood factors. This theory supposes that the rh′ (C) and hr" (e) factors are co-extensive with another upon the same agglutinogen molecule and that anti-rh_i (Ce) is directed against receptors of each of them.

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A new method for testing the drug fastness of the microorganisms was devised. By the method the combined effect of chlorampheniool and oleandomycin to Staphylococcus aureus was investigated. As a consequence, these combination seemed to be effective. but when the subinhibitory concentrations of both drugs were combined drug fastness occured to both drugs or one of them.

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Before the age of Edo, the dispensary in Japan grew and changed by the influence of Buddhism, Christianity and Confucianism which were brought from foreign countries; I think the first hospital in our country is not “Ryobyoin” established by Prince Shotoku, as tradition said, but “Yakuin” established by Empress Komyo.

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Ithink that the western cultute, imported at the age of Edo, brought humanism and scientific spirit to Japan, and gave the great influence to the growth of modern hospital and the cultivation of Red Cross Spirit.

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Red Cross Spirit, manifested at field hospital in the early days of Meiji, fundamentally means that the medical charity hwhich was cultivated during past a thousand years in Japan, was modernized by the contact with the western culture.

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Since the work of Helmer in 1947, many studies concerning the sustained pressor principle have been made in Japan. As well as renin, this substance has a hypertensive effect and up to date, it is believed to be produced by the convolution tubular of an ischemic kidney caused by the hypotension. However, investigations in re'acont yeas have cast some doubt upon the hypothesis that the sustained pressor principle is an end product of the ischemic kidney of hypotension. An attempt was made, therefore, to evaluate, the mechanism of its production in adrenalectomized rats with or without DOCA, and observed the blood sugar level, contractibility of the exstirpated intestine and the effect of tachyphylaxis. Contrary to the present hypothesis, it was found that the blood samples obtained from the adrenalectomized rats without DOCA before the apperance of the hypotension conlained the Sustained Pressor Pinciple. From the results in the Present study, it may be concluded that the sustained pressor principle is not necessarily produced under an ischemic kidney caused by the hypotension but is present in non-hypotensive kidney. Furthermore, the administration of DOCA will inhibit the production of this substance in adrenalectomized rats and this, may be postulated that some adrenal hormone plays an important role in the production of the Sustained Pressor Principle.

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The Noise analysis and the hearing survey of employees were made in a brass stick manufacturing factory. The results obtained were as follows. 1) The hearing loss of C⁵-dip type was most frequently observed in this group getting more distinct with prolongation of exposure time. 2) The hearing loss of workers exposed low- and middle frequency noise (noise of rolling machine and oil-burner with over-all sound pressure level between 96-104db and with intense energy concentration between 50-1000cps) was more severe than that of workers exposed middle- and high-frequency noise (noise of drawing machine with Over-all sound pressure level between 97-102db and with intense energy concentration between 1000-6000cps). 3) Within 1 year exposure, the pattern of hearing loss was different between workers exposed low-and middle-frequency noise and those exposed middle- and high-frequency noise, the former showed C⁵-dip type and the latter C⁶-dip type. This difference in patterns becomes gradually obscure with prolongation of exposure time, and at last the both show the same C⁵-dip typO.

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Changing of the body temperature was investigated in the cases of dehydrated rabbits. Generally, dehydrated animals were very susceptible to the environmental temperature changing, especially at the temperature rising. In young animals, this phenamenon was not so remarkable than in the cases of adult animals. When the animals were removed to the higher temperature, rectal temperature of the animals rose immediately. On the other hand, when removed to the lower temperature, changing of the body temperature did not occure.

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Microskopic examinations on capillaries in the nail folds were performed in patients with Various Internal diseaes. Pictures in 223 cases with Various Internal diseases were investigated in comparison with those examined in healthy controls. The results were as follows 1) Slightly dilated capillary loops and slowere blood stream were obrerved in patients with peptic ulcer on admission. Vasoneurotic symptomes were not remakable. On discharge capillary loops were normal in patients with gastric ulcer but they were unchanged in patients with duodenal ulcer. There were no significant correlations between Nor-Adrenallin sensibility and gastric juice acidity. 2) In patients with Diabetes Mellitus, arterial capillary legs were narrow and venous capillary legs were normal. Blood stream wes normal in the diabetics who reguired no insulin but it was slower in the diabetics who reguired insulin. Vasoneurotic symptomes were more often seen in the latter than the former. 3) Arterial and venous capillary legs and capillrry loops were markedly dilated in patients with allergic purpura and blood stream was normal. Arteriol and venous capillary legs in anemic patients were extremely narrow. Blood steam depended upon the degree of anemia. The more severe in anemia the more slowly the blood stream. In patients with hepatorplenomegaly, The capillary legs were narrow and blood stream was normal. Vasoneurotic symptomes were highly remarkable. The significant reversed correlations between Nor-Adrenallin sensibility and urinary 17-KS. excretion were found. 4) Capillary legs were short in patients with hyperthyroidism, and blood stream was variable. Vasoneurotic symptomes were mild. There seemed to be some correlations between Nor-Adrenollin sensibility and basal metabolic rate. 5) Changes in Capillary micposkopic pictures by subeutaneous injection of 0.4-0.5cc of Nou-Adrenallin investigated and case were divided into two groups, that is hypersensitiv and hyposensitive. The results in 207 cases with various Internal diseases were as follows. Patients with diabetes mellitus, allergic purpura, aplastic anemia, hepatosplenomegaly and hyperthyroidism were belonged to hypersensitive group. Patients with peptic uleer, myxedema and cushing's syndrome were clessfied to hyposensitive one. 6) No significant correlations between the resrlts of this method and those of Asechner's test were found. 7) There were no determinative correlation betiween pressure reactiou on the upper arm and Nor-Adrenollin sensibility.

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A case of chronic Brovarin intoxication, addicted for eight years, found in a patient with psychopathic personality, is reported. Available literatures were reirewed and etiologies of chronic Brovarin intoxication were discussed.

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Growth hormone and growth hormone like substance was extracted from bovine hypophyse and human placenta by the newly devised method. These extract was proved to be perfectly purified. by phsyicochemical examinations. Results of the Tibia test and body weight weighning showed that hypophyseal extract were very effective for the growth and placental extract showed slight acceralation when used amountly, The extracts were also effective for acceralation of the protein assimilation.

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Fourteen drugs which seemed to have the causal relation to schock were intravenously injected to rabbits and wether the temporary thrombocytopenia occured or not was observed. Moreover, it was investigated wether the phenomenon had relation to the alteration of blood pressure and direct thro-mbocyte breaking effect of the drugs or not. Results were summarized as follows : 1) In the cases of histamin, adrenalin, noradrenalin, acetylcholine, lecerpine and predonisolon, temporary thrombocytopenia was observed in the peripheral blood after 30 minutes of the intravenous injection of the drugs. 2) The thrombocytopenia had no relation to the alteration of the blood pressure which occured by the drugs. 3) Lecerpine, chlorpromazin, cholamine, ATP, ACTH, and predonisolon had the direct thrombocyte breaking effect in vitro, but the breaking effect of them was not parallel to the effect of thrombocytopenia caused by the intravenous injection of the drugs.

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This paper deals with the experimental studies on percutaneous absorption of benzol in mice. The apparatus for soaking legs of mice into benzol was devised and the effects of benzol on peripheral blood were observed. After mice were killed by luxation of cervical vertebrae, their histopathological specimens were stained by Hematoxylin-Eosin. Volume of benzol in the expirated air and the elimination from the soaked location were measured. The following resuts were obtained. A. Increasing of the body weight was inhibited during experiment, thereafter body weight increased. The depilation of the local skin was observed, but after the experiment it recovered gradually. B. Hematological findings : There was no significant change in peripheral blood. C. Histopatological findings : Remarkable macroscopic changes were not found. Microscopic changes were observed in the lungs, liver, kidneys, spleen and the soaked legs, but these were not so remarkable. D. Benzol seemed to be absorbed easily through the skin, and was eliminated from the lungs into the expiratory air and from the local skin. The elimination by the latter route was considerable. These results suggest that absorption of benzol through the skin is so slight in mice that its effect is very little.

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The effect of air temperature on the experimental arsenic poisoning in mice was studied. Experiments were made by subcutaneous injection of arsenious acid solution to mice, inbred strain dd, which were acclimatized or non-acclimatized to artificial climate room adjusted at 10°C, 22°C, 32°C, 36°C, and mortality rates, hematological and histopathological findings were observed. The following results were obtained : 1. The non-acclimatized groups showed lower rates of LD₅₀ and tended to die easily of arsenous poisoning at 10°C, and 36°C than at 22°C and 32°C. 2. Hematological findings of arsenaus acid poisoning indicated the decrease of coucentration of erythrocytes, leukocytes and hemoglobin at 10°C and 36°C in the non-acclimatized groups. On their blood picture, lymphocytes decreased, while neutrophilic leukocytes increased. 3. Histopathological findings were circulatory disturbances and degenerative changes in lungs, kidneys, and liver. These changes were more remarkable in the non-acclimatized groups than the acclimatized groups. And also these changes were more remarkable in the 10°C and 36°C groups than in the 22°C and 32°C groups.

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