Transactions of the Architectural Institute of Japan

[title in Japanese]

Article type: Cover
1974 Volume 223 Pages Cover1-
Published: September 30, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.223.0_Cover1

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Cover
1974 Volume 223 Pages Cover2-
Published: September 30, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.223.0_Cover2

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Index
1974 Volume 223 Pages Toc1-
Published: September 30, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.223.0_Toc1

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
1974 Volume 223 Pages App1-
Published: September 30, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.223.0_App1

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PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTIONS OF BENDING AND COMPRESSIVE STRENGTHS OF MORTAR AND CONCRETE

SEIKI NAGAMATSU

Article type: Article
1974 Volume 223 Pages 1-8,69
Published: September 30, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.223.0_1

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The theoretical probability distribution for bending strength of concrete has been derived by assuming the one step stochastic process model, and for compressive strength, by assuming the two steps stochastic processes model these stochastic models were based on the investigation about bending and compressive fracture processes of concrete. The frequency distributions of bending and compressive strengths have been obtained from the testing results of 150 specimens of mortar. Next, the probability distributions have been obtained from 30 specimens for three kinds of mortar and one kind of concrete. It has been recognized that the probability distributions by tests were agreed with the thoretical ones. It has been shown that the theoretical distributions proposed in this paper were suitable and usefull for the mortar and concrete strengths with the scattering.

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STUDY ON THE ANCHORAGE ZONE PROBLEMS OF PRESTRESSED CONCRETE MEMBERS : Part 2 : Stress distribution in the anchorage zone subjectted to three dimensional by concentrated load

SHIN OKAMOTO

Article type: Article
1974 Volume 223 Pages 9-16,69
Published: September 30, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.223.0_9

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This is second part of researches on the anchorage zone problems of prestressed concrete members. In this report, some results of numerical calculation on the stress distribution in the anchorage zone subjected to three dimensional by concentrated load are described. Test results on concrete blocks subjected to two and three dimensional loading are also described. From these two reports, following conclusions are obtained. 1) If the damping coefficient of 30 to 80 percent of critical damping of one dimensional case is used for analysing the stress distribution in the anchorage zone subjected to two or three dimensional by concentrated load using Dynamic relaxation method, the exact solution will be obtained after 200 times of iteration. 2) The Bleich's solution which is in common use in Japan for design of reinforcement for bursting stress in the anchorsge zone differ very much from the true stress distribution. 3) In the case of three dimensional loading condition, the stress distribution around the central axis of end blocks differ very much from that on the surface, especially in the case of high concentrated load. However, the average bursting stress through the depth dose not differ much from that in the case of two dimensional loading. 4) Test results show good agreement with numerical calculation results.

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STUDY ON THE ELASTO-PLASTIC FLEXURAL BEHAVIOUR OF REINFORCED CONCRETE MEMBERS SUBJECTED TO AXIAL LOAD : Part IV・Load-Deflection Relation under Cyclic Bending Moment

MINORU YAMADA, HIROSHI KAWAMURA

Article type: Article
1974 Volume 223 Pages 17-25,70
Published: September 30, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.223.0_17

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In the previous papers, Part I, II, there were analysed on one-way load-deflection relationships and moment-curvature relationships of reinforced concrete members subjected to constant axial loads, and they were compared with test results in the elasto-plastic range. In Part III, moment-curvature hysteresis loops of reinforced concrete members under cyclic bending moments were calculated and their physical meanings were made clear. Here, in this paper, lateral load-deflection relationships with constant deflection amplitudes and axially accumulated strains of reinforced concrete members subjected to cyclic bending moments under constant axial loads are presented experimentally and analytically. Tests were carried out up to the fracture of reinforced concrete members namely, up to the time at which the constant axial loads became unable to be sustained, and then the test results reported cover the total fatigue characteristics of reinforced concrete members. Although calculations are concerned with an early few cycles of bending, the physical meanings of the load-deflection hysteresis loops and the mechanism of the cumulative axial strains of reinforced concrete members subjected to elasto-plastic cyclic bending moments under axial loads are made clear by comparing analytical results with test results.

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LATERAL BRACING OF STEEL BEAMS (No.1) : Necessary Lateral Bracing Spacing

MOTOO SAISHO, HISASHI TANAKA

Article type: Article
1974 Volume 223 Pages 27-34,70
Published: September 30, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.223.0_27

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In plastic design, steel beams must be braced laterally to achieve a desired rotation capacity of plastic hinge. In this paper, necessary lateral bracing is investigated by numerical analysis. A finite element method based on the theory of thin-walled beam-shells of open cross section is used to obtain post-buckling behaviors of steel beam and the results are verified by comparison with test data. The rotation capacities of six kinds of steel beam models, which have different bending moment distribution and different lateral bracing spacing, are calculated by this method and, from these results, spacing requirement of lateral bracing to achieve a desired rotation capacity is decided using effective length factors according to bending moment gradient.

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CONSTRUCTION OF VISUAL PERSPECTIVE TRANSFORMATION SYSTEM AND ITS APPLICATION TO VISUAL SPACE PERCEPTION (V) : Meaning of &lrtri; transformation in shape constancy

SHINICHI MURAKAMI

Article type: Article
1974 Volume 223 Pages 35-43,71
Published: September 30, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.223.0_35

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The figural charasteristics of visual object represented in &lrtri; fransformed coordinate system shows the character of shape constancy in some conditions in spite of the lack of slant perception, and this character is named virtual constancy. About this, it was examined with the same experimental conditions that had been carried out previously, resulting the virtual constancy contributes respectable part of the experimental index of constancy. The effect of virtual constancy on the change of constancy were investigated, it was found the virtual constancy decreases with the increase of slant of object against frontal parallel, and increases with the increase of visual angle about the object which have been known as the experimental fact. Moreover, the shape constancy in condition of wide visual angle like a perspective of an interior is represented sufficieutly well by &lrtri; transformation system, and investigating the results of previous experiment, their data correspond with the estimated character of virtual constancy. These facts show that the perception of shape in the perspective vision is a very fundamental factor in visual space perception. Further, the data of alley experiment which had been performed previously was examined, it was suggested not the existence only frontal parallel perspective vision but also inclined perspective vision.

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STUDY ON THE EMERGENCY ESCAPE IN CITY AREA

SABURO HORIUCHI, MASAMI KOBAYASHI, SUSUMU NAKAI

Article type: Article
1974 Volume 223 Pages 45-51,71
Published: September 30, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.223.0_45

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The purpose of this paper is to make a planning, which decides the place of shelter for the urban dwellers when there happened a great earthquake. That is, the aim of the planning is to appoint an appropriate route and place for the refugee so that they can escape from the spread of fire as soon as possible. We assigned large open spaces for shelters and tried to find out the optimum distribution of inhabitants to these places without exceeding the number of person admitted to the place. We used computers to develop a simulation model, which is composed of following three parts. (1) EES (Emergency Escaping Simulation model) This is a person flow simulation model and the escape on the networked-city is simulated. Each state of escape, in the process of time, can be traced. (2) DSD (Destination Searching Dynamic model) The destination space of each residential zone is decided to have the minimum move (person number×moved distance) under the condition of space capacity. (3) Optimum Planning model Above two models are combined at this stage, and besides the distance, the time lag due to the traffic congestion is taken into consideration to get the optimum solution. The convergent solution as the best planning, has the minimum time and move satisfying the required conditions. We also used graphic display (C.R.T.) to observe the process of simulation visually, and the result is stored in 16mm films.

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ON THE REEONSTRUCTION OF BUILDING OTHER THAN THE FOUR MAIN SHRINES AND THE SMALLER ONES AT THE KASUGA SHRINE IN THE MIDDLE AGE (12TH C-16TH C) (2)

MASAHIKO SATO

Article type: Article
1974 Volume 223 Pages 53-58,72
Published: September 30, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.223.0_53

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1974 Volume 223 Pages 59-62
Published: September 30, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.223.0_59

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese], [in Japanese]

Article type: Article
1974 Volume 223 Pages 63-68
Published: September 30, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.223.0_63

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