-
Article type: Cover
1980Volume 298 Pages
Cover1-
Published: December 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Article type: Cover
1980Volume 298 Pages
Cover2-
Published: December 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Article type: Index
1980Volume 298 Pages
Toc1-
Published: December 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Article type: Appendix
1980Volume 298 Pages
App1-
Published: December 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
TOYOKAZU SHIIRE, YOSHIHIRO MASUDA
Article type: Article
1980Volume 298 Pages
1-9
Published: December 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
The aim of this study is to establish the general equation for the prediction of 28 day strength from the result of earlier test. Almost all of the research work published is practiced to find suitable and practicable method of earlier testing to obtain reliable relation between earlier strength and 28 day strength. But the compliance criterion for the result of earlier test has not been established in these works. In this study, the general equation for the prediction of 28 day strength from the result of earlier test is derived in consideration of stochastic propertiec of concrete strength and that of the result of earlier test. General equation derived is as follows : [numerical formula] where [numerical formula] F_<28> : Estimated value as 28 day strength F_a : Result of earlier test a, b : Coefficients of regression equation in correlation between earlier strength and 28 day strength S_e : Standard error in correlation between earlier strength and 28 day strength σ_<28> : Standard deviation in 28 day strength A : Coefficient shown in Table 3
View full abstract
-
JUN SAKAMOTO, YOSHIRO KOHAMA, YUKIO OMIYA
Article type: Article
1980Volume 298 Pages
11-18
Published: December 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
The paper deals with design criterion based on reliability theory. Second-moment method and Load and Resistance Facter design format are reviewed. Design criterion for flexual-torsional buckling strength of steel beams are discussed, based on semi-probabilistic analysis with available test results, and design recomendations are presented. Some comments on rotation capacity of torsionally buckled beams are added.
View full abstract
-
MORIHISA FUJIMOTO, MITSUMASA MIDORIKAWA
Article type: Article
1980Volume 298 Pages
19-29
Published: December 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
In this paper, the inelastic dynamic response of steel space frames with tensile bracing members is studied by the method presented in the first paper. The method assumes that a column segment consists of uniaxially stressed fibers along its length. The dynamic response is computed by assuming an elasto-plastic type hysteresis behavior considering strain hardening in stress-strain relationship for the columns and in tension only for the diagonal bracing members. The responses of single-story, single-bay braced space frames subjected to simultaneous action of two horizontal components of sinusoidal ground acceleration are studied using lumped mass, rigid-floor idealization. The results of the analyses include the responses of the space frames with eccentricity between centers of mass and elastic resistance. In addition, it is shown that the analytical solution predict well the general cyclic force-deformation behavior of the experimental results of a braced frame given in Ref.9. Some of the significant aspecst of the results are summarized in the following : 1) The maximum responses of the space frames are less than those of the plane frames in the direction of the braced frames and greater than those in the orthogonal direction. 2) The torsional responses of the space frames are affected by the ratios of elastic stiffness and maximum strength in each horizontal direction and increase in the case of a great difference between elastic stiffness and maximum strength in two horizontal directions compared with little difference. 3) The torsional responses of the space frames with eccentricity subjected to sinusoidal gronud acceleration with no phase difference between two horizontal components are greater than those with a phase difference. 4) The magnitude of the total input energy into the space frames with the same maximum strength in two horizontal directions subjected to the identical ground acceleration scarcely depends on the rations of elastic stiffness in two horizontal directions and eccentricity between centers of mass and elastic resistance. The maximum response of a column of a space frame is, however, unable to be estimated by only the total input energy into the space frame.
View full abstract
-
MANABU YOSHIMURA, HIROYUKI AOYAMA, MITSURU KAWAMURA
Article type: Article
1980Volume 298 Pages
31-41
Published: December 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
This paper is intended to investigate the comparison of analytical results for RC columns subjected to bi-axial bending by means of different types of analyses, Fiber Model and Two-Dimensional Model. In Fiber Model, a cross section is discretized into a number of fiber segments. It is assumed that each segment is uniaxially stressed and stress of a segment can be obtained from the past strain history. Supposing that the section remains plane after deformation, the moment-curvature relation of a section would be calculated, assembling the stiffness matrix of each segment. Two-Dimensional Model is formulated, extending the degradingtype trilinear model, a kind of one-dimensional hysteretic rule, into two-dimensional one, by using Ziegler's hardening rule and Mises' flow rule in plasticity. Two similar models, original Two-Dimensional Model and modified one, discriminated according to the difference of stiffness evaluation in after-yielding range, are provided. In statical analysis, results by Fiber Model agree quite well with testing results. Those by modified Two-Dimensional Model are much more consistent with testing results than those by original Two-Dimensional Model. In dynamical analysis, response results by Fiber Model and modified Two-Dimensional Model have considerable similarity in the maximum displacements and also their waveforms.
View full abstract
-
OSAMU MATSUOKA, KAEKO YAHATA
Article type: Article
1980Volume 298 Pages
43-53
Published: December 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
The purpose of this paper is to investigat the semi-infinite elastic medium subjected to a horizontal harmonic point in it's interior. It may be called dynamic Mindlin problem (II). As the method to analyze the problem is similar to the previous paper, here the processes to obtain the solution are not described in detail. In order to examine the resulting solution, the disscusions based on next two view points are done. One is that the solution coincides with dynamic Cerruti solution when a point force moves from the interior position of the medium to the origin on the free surface of it. The other in that the solution coincides with static Mindlin solution in the limit when the circular frequency ω approaches zero. The solution is influenced considerably by the factors which are the position of a point force and the angle of the rotation around z axis. To investigate the properties of the solution, results obtained from calculating it are shown in Fig.1-1〜Fig.2-2. The characteristics which are common to this dynamic Mindlin problem (II) and dynamic Cerruti problem are discussed. It becomes clear in the same manner as the solution of a vertical point force in the semi-intinite elastic medium fundamental solution agrees approximately with the complete solution.
View full abstract
-
KOUHEI MATSUMOTO
Article type: Article
1980Volume 298 Pages
55-60
Published: December 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
The aim of this study is to seek, on the results of the preceding study, necessary and sufficient conditions of the optimum design loads of public buildings and facilities whose functions are important in cases of disasters or reconstruction phases. This paper builds up eight hypotheses and assumptions in order to attain the goal. The fundamental hypothesis and assumption areas follows; 1) the economically optimum design load condition should, under the financial reitriction, maximize the total estimated utility (E) which is composed of usual utilitites (u), utility in disasters (U(x)) and damage caused by the own distrunction (-D(x)). The total utility function is denoted by (2.1) and this hypothesis by (2.9). 2) the utility in disasters (U(x)) depends on the quantity of of distroied ordinary buildings and structures, the damage (D(x)) depends on the rest, which are dealed in the preceding study. The obtained results are as follows; The optimum pesiign loads are given by the equilibrium formula (2.9), (2.12), …(2.16), which prove thae that they should depend on social, economical, technical and natural conditions in the area.
View full abstract
-
MASAYUKI MIZUHATA
Article type: Article
1980Volume 298 Pages
61-67
Published: December 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
In this paper a method is presented for calculating the internal condensation front in roof constructions and that is applied not only to single layer wall, but to multilayer wall. In this method moisture transport in vapor and liquid phase in porous materials insulating vaper on the low temperature side is considered. Using this method, movements of condensation front of cellular concrete in following cases are calculated, during about ten years, under conditions which the indoor temperature and humidity is constant and the outdoor temperature is changing cyclically with a year period, and the results are compared with each other and are analyzed. Cases are as follows : 1. A material with uniform thermal conductivity and the case which the saturated vapor pressure in it is expressed by Goff-Gratch's formula. 2. A material with uniform thermal conductivity and the case which the saturated vapor pressure is expressed by a linear equation of temperature. 3. A material with different thermal conductivity in dry and wet layer and the case which the saturated vapor pressure is expressed Goff-Gratch's formura.
View full abstract
-
TAKESHI NOMURA, SHUZO MURAKAMI, SHINSUKE KATO, MASAAKI SATO
Article type: Article
1980Volume 298 Pages
69-80
Published: December 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
The correspondence of the numerical analysis to the model experiment is clarified concerning Room-Air Distribution. The method of three-dimensional numerical analysis of turbulence flow in this paper uses the Two-Equation model of turbulence and the Marker-And-Cell method. The Two-Equation model is one in which eddy viscousity ν_t is determined from the transport equation of turbulence kinetic energy q and that for turbulence energy dissipation rate ε. The air flow observed in experiment and numerically analized is bounded cubic shape room model with supply outlet and exhaust inlet. Flow patterns are observed very precisely with special parallel hot-wire anemometer which can mesure three component of turbulent flow. The correspondence of prediction to experiment is satisfactory. Those are, (1) Close agreement between observed and calculated velocity vectors are obtained. (2) The predicted values of turbulence quantities distribute between one-second to five times of the observed values. From above results this prediction method are proved to be successful for that of Room-Air Distibution.
View full abstract
-
MASAO INUI, AKIRA HOYANO
Article type: Article
1980Volume 298 Pages
81-87
Published: December 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
An experiment on luminous environment by artificial lighting, using an incandescent lamp and three types of fluorescent lamp respectively has been carried out in the living room of a prefabricated model house completely furnished. The relationships between the evaluation of pleasantness by lighting and the physical measurements were analyzed. The main results were obtained as follows. 1) The evaluation of first impression depends more on the level of illuminance than on the kind of lamp. The higher the illuminance level the better the first impression is obtained. In case of incandescent lamp the best result of first impression is reached at the level of 400lx (horizontal illuminance on the table). 2) The most suitable brightness pattern in the living room is realized by the iluminance range betwen 200 and 500lx. When compared the incandescent lamp with fluorescetnt ones, it is found that the ideal illuminance for the first is lower than for any of the latter. In case of fluorescent lamps, the higher the value of general color rendering index the lower the level of illuminance. 3) The evaluation of color rendering increases with the rise of the illuminance level, within the range used in the experiment. 4) The evaluation values of some items (such as "limpid-turbid" and "vivid-dull") on the impression appreciated vary according to the level of illuminance regardless the kind of the lamp used, on the contrary the values of another item ("cool-warm") varys according to the types of lamp. 5) The most ideal illuminance level for pleasantness in a living room has to be decided taking into consideration not only the most suitable lightness but also the other evaluation items.
View full abstract
-
KAZUHISA IKI, YOSHIRO IKEHARA, TAKASHI NAKAJIMA, RYOZO NAKAMURA, MASAH ...
Article type: Article
1980Volume 298 Pages
89-98
Published: December 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
The importance of functional interface between space users and architectural spaces has been recognized in the building layout procedure. With the development of simulation models, GPSS models have been widely applied to utility facility allocation ploblems. The authors developed a new model based on the theory of Automata in order to simulate more precisely user behaviour in architectural spaces. In this model, architectural spaces are represented by a network containing the nodes and links, while the users are modeled as simulation transactions defined by automaton variables. These variables are traditional Automaton-Input-Output-State, and several new factors such as : Programed Destinations (PD), Induced Destinations (ID), Chains of state evolution and Chains of spatial transition. The transactions trabel through in the network selecting nodes one by one with functions of the variables mentioned above, which simulates by analogy, space users who moves around in an architectural space complex. The simulation results enable us to evaluate beforehand the number and the size of necessary building utility facilities.
View full abstract
-
YOSHIHIRO ENDO, HIDEO NAOI, HIDETAKA UNO
Article type: Article
1980Volume 298 Pages
99-105
Published: December 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Since human behaviour sometimes involves dynamic contact with the building element such as pushing the handrail or leaning against the wall, due consideration should be given to cope with these incidents from the viewpoint of safety and security. The aim of this study is to present practical data on the forces applied to the buildings by man. For this purpose, we categorize various types of interrelationships between man and buildings. We assume that human body is composed of seven major contact points with the building, while the latter is classified into nine elementary forms onto which the forces is to be given, and all conceivable interaction patterns have been listed. In this report, we have to limit the number of patterns to those which not only have important meaning in the building design but also are suitable for practical experiments. Only the static forces between man and the building have been measured. Our proposal from the experimental results is as follows : Values are in kgf per person, while those in the parentheses denote design loads in kgf per metre length. Pushing the wall --180 (220); pushing the stand --100 (--); pushing the handrail --170 (270); pulling the handrail --210 (360); and pushing the handrail with body part other than hands --160 (240). Spreadingout greating 150 (--); and spreading out two walls (in this case man is between them) --480 (740).
View full abstract
-
KENJI HIROSE, TOSHIRO MIYAKE, SHIGEAKI IWASHITA
Article type: Article
1980Volume 298 Pages
107-115
Published: December 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
HIROKUNI TANIGUCHI, HIROSHI MORIYASU
Article type: Article
1980Volume 298 Pages
117-127
Published: December 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
This is a study on the space of apartment buildings in the high-rise and high-density housing estates. This research consists of two parts; Part 1 is the analysis of the patterns and the utilizations at the entrance spaces of high-rise housing units. Part 2 is the analysis of the shared facilities of high-rise housing. Part 1 was reported in the preceding paper (No.293, July 1980). This paper is Part 2, and it survey the dwellers' requirements especially. I specify the importance of the entrance spaces of apartments and the conditions for the planning of those spaces. Also I grasp the dwellers' requirements for living in the apartment buildings, and indicate the conditions for planning.
View full abstract
-
MASAKI KATAOKA
Article type: Article
1980Volume 298 Pages
129-141
Published: December 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
The results are as follows : 1) The houses for the wheelchair users are classified into two types, the Non-Passing type, by whether the traffic line from (P)(the sleeping room for the handicapped) to (C)(W. C.) and (B)(the bath room) passes other rooms or not. 2) In planning the Non-Passing type using an ordinary house where the living room and the dining room are placed in the center of it, two styles are considered : the house in which (P), (C) and (B) are put together near the entrance and the one in which they are set away from it. In case a dressing room for the wheelchair user is not prepared, the latter one is desirable. 3) In planning type, as any one of the private rooms must not be passed, the public rooms such as the living room, the dining room etc., should be designed to be passed. In this case, it is necessary to prepare a dressing room for the wheelchair user. 4) When extending or remodeling an old house for the wheelchair user, to prepare (P), (C) and (B) is the first problem, and the second is the connecting of them. Because it is diffcult to remodel both (C) and (B) for the handicapped, one effective plan is to extend the house into the Non-Passing type, building (P), (C) and (B) together. This type is desirable when the handicapped is a child, for it also makes some contribution to his psychological development.
View full abstract
-
NOBUYOSHI TOSAKA
Article type: Article
1980Volume 298 Pages
143-149
Published: December 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
The object of this paper is to formulate the fundamental relations for the dynamic behaviour of marine structures with the great increase of interest in recent year. In this formulation, marine structures are modelled as not solid bodies but generally three dimensional elastic bodies in fluid. The determination of the wave force or pressure due to the wave action of fluid on the structures must be treated with the analysis of the dynamic fluid-elasticity interaction. Then, dynamic interaction of the wave motion of the inviscid fluid with the elastic body is considered as the coupling problem through the interface boundary on which the continuity of mechanical action is required. Especially, the effect on the elastic deformation of the marine structures must be introduced to the theory. Two expressions for the formulation on the dynamic water wave-elastic structure interaction are established. First approach is the one in terms of the displacement variables in elastic region and the velocity potential in fluid region. The alternative one is the expression with the displacement variables and the pressure in fluid. Formulations for the continuous field are reduced to the discrete formulations in the finite element region by means of the weighted residual methed. Based on the given discrete formulations, our couple systems of the problem are able to treate as the mass-damping-spring systems.
View full abstract
