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Article type: Cover
1983 Volume 332 Pages
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Published: October 30, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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Article type: Cover
1983 Volume 332 Pages
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Published: October 30, 1983
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Article type: Index
1983 Volume 332 Pages
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Published: October 30, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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Article type: Index
1983 Volume 332 Pages
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Published: October 30, 1983
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HIROTO HAGURA, TOSHIO KOIZUMI
Article type: Article
1983 Volume 332 Pages
1-10
Published: October 30, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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It is the purpose of this paper to develop the forecast method of wind disasters based on the topographical analysis. In the first place, we analyze the topographical structure of the regions which became the object of this study with some topographical factors, and construct the landform classification map. Secondly, we dicide the dangerous condition of each region in the landform classification map according to the direction of the wind. In the present paper, we try to forecast wind disasters on Hachijo Island, Okinoerabu Island and Ishigaki Island, and the basic results for the forecast method of wind disasters were obtaind with the topographical classification system.
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TETSURO INOUE, BEN KATO
Article type: Article
1983 Volume 332 Pages
11-18
Published: October 30, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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Plasticity in steel is characterized by an appreciable amount of plastic flow which precede strain-hardening. This study is devoted to an evaluation of the out-of plane flexural rigidities of yielded steel plates at the instance of plate buckling. An emphasis is on the fact that a steel plate has finite values of flexural rigidities in this range due to the deformation restraint which is given rise to by the effects of support around the plate edges. Assuming that the stress-strain response of steel in this range follows the incremental plasticity theory for nonhardening material together with von Mises yield criterion, an explicit formulation are derived for the moduli to relate the flexural rigidities of plate. Comparison is made of the magnitude of so derived moduli with those in the strain-hardening range of mild steel. It is found that difference in the moduli between the both ranges is not significant from engeneering point of view. It is shown that column is a special case of plate and buckles when its tangent modulus vanishes. Local buckling of steel plate with its all four edges simply supported is examined by the moduli derived. And the difference of role of plastic flow and strain-hardening between column and plate is made clear.
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TARO NISHIGAKI, KOJI MIZUHATA
Article type: Article
1983 Volume 332 Pages
19-29
Published: October 30, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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Prediction of damage is important in evaluating the earthquake response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures. Damage prediction is usually measured in term of ductility factor. However, concerning reinforced concrete structures subjected to a lot of cycles of severe loads, a combination of maximum displacement response and cyclic deterioration of stiffness and load carring capacity may cause RC structures to collapse. Damage due to maximum displacement response and cyclic deteriolation can be made over to ductility factor and cumulative fatigue damage, respectively. So, from viewpoint of collapse, it must be investigated the properties of lowcycle fatigue for RC structures. In order to investigate low-cycle fatigue damage in RC columns, seven reinforced concrete frames with rigid beams have been tested. As the results, restoring force characteristics, experimental equation of stiffness deterioration, △δ-N_f curve and cumulative fatigue damage hypothesis have been formulated. Then, the dynamic response analyses have been carried out by applying the restoring force characteristics obtained from the tests and the results of the dynamic response analyses have been evaluated by the concept of cumulative fatigue damage formulated from the tests. From the results of the study reported in this work, it is concluded that : (1) The Wohler curve (△δ-N_f curve) can be shown as Fig. (5). (2) As shown in Fig. (7), the linear cumulative fatigue damage hypothesis can not be applied for low-cycle fatigue damage of reinforced concrete columns. (3) The non-linear cumulative fatigue damage factor for reinforced concrete columns can be suggested in the form of Eq. (7) and Eq. (8). (4) In case that the maximum displacement response is in the work-hardening region of skeleton curve, the seismic damage of RC columns depends on only the ratio of the maximum displacement response vs. the collapse displacement of the column and the damage caused by cyclic deterioration (cumulative fatigue damage) can be neglected, i.e., only ductility factor is important for prediction of damage in this domain. (5) In case that the maximum displacement response is the falling branch of the skeleton curve, the seismic damage of RC columns must be evaluated by a combination of the maximum displacement response and the cumulative fatigue damage. The seismic damage caused by low-cycle fntigue becomes 20-35% of the full damage at that time, i.e., not only ductility factor but also cumulative fatigue damage is important for evaluating seismic damage in this domain. (6) The seismic damage factor decreases hyperbolically as the period T increases. (7) When T≤0.1sec, the seismic damage increases rapidly as the ratioβ=mz_<max>/Q_y increases a little, and the structure collapses suddenly, just in case β=1.0. (8) Though the structures were subjected to various kinds of eathquake motions, cumulative hysteretic absorbed energy has the tendancy to be constant for each period at collapse of the structures.
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HIROSHI AKIYAMA
Article type: Article
1983 Volume 332 Pages
30-37
Published: October 30, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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Secondary structures mounted on primary structures such as water tanks and towers on buildings are exposed to the amplified floor motion under earthquakes. The elastic responses of them have been almost made clear and various propositions on design spectra have been made on the elastic design basis. The inelastic responses of them, however, have been scarcely investigated and the ultimate resistance of those structures to earthquakes is still left uncertain. This paper aims to clarify a general feature of their inelastic behaviors. As for the inelastic behavior of the primary structure, the total energy input exerted by earthquakes may provide a sound measure for the structural damage. On the same context, emphasis is laid on the energy input of the secondary structure and the correspondence between the elastic response and the inelastic response is made clear in the light of the energy input. It is concluded that the inelastic response spectra for secondary structures can be readily depicted on the basis of the elastic response spectra of them.
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HIROSHI AKIYAMA
Article type: Article
1983 Volume 332 Pages
38-46
Published: October 30, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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The D_s-value means a reduction factor of the design seismic force for structures with inelastic deformability. D_s-values for shear type multi-story structures such as a weak-column type of buildings have been derived by considering the equilibrium between the input energy due to an earthquake and the absorbed energy by a building. Another typical type of structures is of weak-beam type which is expected to be equipped with large energy absorption capacity, but D_s-values for those stuctures have been left uncertain. In this paper, firstly a general law which governs the vertical distribution of the cumulated inelastic deformation (damage) is obtained and is expressed in terms of the stiffness ratio of beam to column. Next, based on the basic law, D_s-values for weak-beam type of steel buildings are derived analytically and the results are compared with those for weak-beam type of steel buildings are derived analytically and the results are compared with those for weak-column type of buildings.
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TAKAYUKI SHIMAZU
Article type: Article
1983 Volume 332 Pages
47-56
Published: October 30, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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HIROSHI MUGURUMA, FUMIO WATANABE
Article type: Article
1983 Volume 332 Pages
57-65
Published: October 30, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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Under the earthquake load, R/C short columns in framed structure may fail in shear unless enough transverse reinforcements are provided and at worst result in the collapse of whole structure. Up to the present, many researches have been perfomed on shear problems and various design formulas were derived. These formulas are fundamentally based on the assumption that the shear capacity V_u can be given by the equation V_u=V_c+V_<s'> where V_c denotes the contribution of concrte and V_s the capacity of analogous truss. V_c should correspond to the shear at the development of diagonal tension crack because the tension stress of web reinforcement begin to increase just after the occuring of that. On the other hand, it may be better that V_s is defined based on the shear at which the web reinforcements crossed by the diagonal crack yield. Standing on such basic concepts, the authors intended to quantify the values of V_c and V_s based on the results obtained from column shear tests. Obtained formula for V_c is based on the flexural bond stresses and from the statistical calculation for 175 sample specimens the value of 0.24 was obtained as the coefficient of variation. V_s was detemined as the function of p_w・_wf_y where p_w and _wf_y are the ratio of web reinforcement and the yield strength of that, respectively. The formula for V_s may be considered to correspond to the lower limit of the contribution of web reinforcement as mentioned above.
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MAKOTO MATSUURA, MITSUMASA NISHIMURA
Article type: Article
1983 Volume 332 Pages
66-74
Published: October 30, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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The method for estimating the settlement of spread foundation on Masa-do ground is presented through considering the behavior of compressibility from plate bearing test and confined compression test. The contents and results of this paper is summarized as follows; 1) The relationships between N-value and Nsw-value, coefficient of subgrade reaction and plate width etc. are presented and examined. Consequently, it becomes possible to estimate the immediate settlement from a small plate bearing test. 2) When the settlement after 15 minutes, which corresponds to the loading time, is regarded as immediate settlement, viscosity parameter becomes a simple equation. And when an arbitrary load increment ratio and an arbitrary amount of load is given, we can easily estimate an amount of settlement taking a certain time in each load step. Creep settlement increases according to the softness of the ground and the number of the load steps by the effect of viscosity parameter. 3) As the compression mechanism by the compression test is different from the mechanism by the plate bearing test, so their settlement are different from each other. These two settlement are compared and examined under some varieties of Nsw-value and load. It is necessary to use the coefficient of settlement conversion from the confined compression test in order to estimate the settlement of spread foundation. 4) From the plate bearing test, the confined compression test and Nsw-value, we can estimate an amount of settlement using the above mentioned procedure and its result.
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KIYOTO IZUMI, TETSUMI SATO
Article type: Article
1983 Volume 332 Pages
75-82
Published: October 30, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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In order to clarify the subjective attribute of sounds in terms of the evaluation of environmental noises, 12 psycho-acoustical experiments in 5 series were performed during the period of five years. All experiments were carried out in an acoustically treated listening room. Subjects were asked to estimate the impressions of sound stimuli using semantic scales of adjectives. In order to obtain the validity of study, a wide variety of subjects, semantic scales, and sound stimuli were adopted. Stimuli included artificial sounds, a variety of environmental noises, classic, popular and traditional musics, natural sounds and human voices of many types. To formulate the sematic scales, two sources were utilized. The first was the standard Japanese dictionary of Iwanami edition, from which all entries were reviewed to achieve 23 bipolar scales. The second was the Bunrui Goihyo, the authorized Japanese thesaurus edited by National Language Institute, from which all entries were again reviewed according to its categorical analyses to achieve 22 bipolar scales. Subjects were both trained and untrained. Untrained subjects included junior high school pupils, college students of both sexes, housewives, and the aged citizens. Their ages ranged from 12 to 75. The results of 12 experiments were analyzed by the principal factor methods using the program of S.P.S.S., 6th and 8th editions by Kyoto University. Through all 12 analyses, three orthogonal factors were extracted. The first factor, "the acceptability", represents the acceptable impression of sound, which is related to the overall total quality but not directly related to major physical characteristics of stimuli. The second factor, "the strength". corresponds well to the total acoustical energy of the stimuli. The third factor, "the sharpness", corresponds both to the high frequency components and the impulsiveness of stimuli. The findings were compared to the similar studies done both in Japan and abroad. Discussions were made on the differences among the studies.
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SHO KIMURA, KATSUO INOUE
Article type: Article
1983 Volume 332 Pages
83-93
Published: October 30, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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In this paper, the authors are making systematic and experimental studies of a system, which generates the floor lmpact sound from actual floor slab, in order to determine quantitatively a relationship among various factors. As for the vibration characteristics of slab in the case of floor slab impact, the impedance characteristics under variable slab thickness, material, area, fixing etc. were investigated from various point of view by the application of the driving point impedance method for the time analysis. The impedance at the so-called forced response, corresponding to the impact time of an impact source was measured to consider the influence of the degree of slab edge fixing on the change in impedance characteristics at various impact points, and the whole time response was inquired to consider decrease in impedance at the frequency bands, which include fundamental and higher-order modes frequencies of the natural vibration, due to the decay time to vibration of slab. Distribution of the response velocity as a result of impact made on slab was determined to inquire into a possible relationship between this distribution and the effective sound radiating area. As for the sound radiation characteristics, the response to vibration as well as sound pressures directly under the excited point and in the directly lower room as a result of impact made on the slabs were determined to consider the correspondence of these three quantities from the time analysis result of the response waveform and at the same time to discuss the sound radiation resistance.
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YASUYUKI MIYAGAWA
Article type: Article
1983 Volume 332 Pages
94-101
Published: October 30, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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This paper describes the new method of model experiments on temperature distribution of room air on the basis of out-air temperature to predict the heat loads in large spaces. The first characteristic of this method is to use the model as a sort of simulator, that is to say, carring out model experiments and numerical calculation alternately, temperature distribution and heat loads of the room can be obtained directly. In this method similarity of heat resistances of the composing walls is not required. In this paper, studies on prediction of heating and cooling loads of the certain large halls (scale factor of the model is 1/20) were made. Furthermore the comparison of the predicted loads between this method and the method based on the relative temperature distribution of room air were made.
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MASAAKI TAKEI, TAKAHARU FUKUSHIMA
Article type: Article
1983 Volume 332 Pages
102-110
Published: October 30, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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We ascertained by experiment how much tree volume has the effectiveness of the tree planning so that we might mitigate the sence of oppression by a multistories building. We obtained the effective volume of the tree planning.
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MASAO AOKI, TAKAKAZU TOMOKIYO
Article type: Article
1983 Volume 332 Pages
111-117
Published: October 30, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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1) In this paper, we describe the area-wide of the plan of health facilities as a network of which a joint use type hospital is the center. 2) The area-wide requires a good knowledge of the medical service area and the utility circle of practitioners. 3) We considere the area-wide of the medical service by investigating the number of patients practitioners cure and considere the utility circle by investigating the number of patients practitioners cure. 4) The number of patients per 1, 000 population does not always decrease when the hospital is distant from the user. 5) But the number of patients per 1, 000 population decreases as the distance between the hospital and the practitioners becomes long. 6) As a present standard, the area-wide is within a distance of 15-20 kilometers from the hospital.
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KOZO SHINOZUKA, KYOZO NAKAMURA, KAICHIRO KURIHARA
Article type: Article
1983 Volume 332 Pages
118-127
Published: October 30, 1983
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This is the ninth report of fundamental investigations for the planning of the public library system to community area. The paper describes the way of planning the library system to regional area based on our theory which had been carried out since the first report. We present here as a case study to plan the libray network actually to both regional area of Tokyo prefecture with aprox 11640 thousand population in 1740km^2, and Saitama prefecture with aprox 4820 thousand population in 3800km^2. In the case study we show that 1) how many libraries and bookmobiles shall be planned in the regions, 2) where they are located, 3) how many figures are given to each library : the number of books, the number of staffs etc, by number of book circulation per capita and the accessibility to the nearest library. In addition we show how the exsisting service levels are evaluated compared with the planning level by which the public planning authority can judge the situation and set up the additional plan for their library system.
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KATSUSHI OKAMURA
Article type: Article
1983 Volume 332 Pages
128-134
Published: October 30, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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The systems of regulation concerning about individual building construction have been one of the most fundamental systems to control urbanization in Japan. This study make it clear that the conditions and discussions about constructions not keeping to building law, before the adjustment of the building law in 1970; and also that the conditions of board treating admissions of building conotruction are not still improved yet after adjustment of law.
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HIROMI ENSHU, HISAO KATSURA, YOSHIHIKO SASAKI
Article type: Article
1983 Volume 332 Pages
135-144
Published: October 30, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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This report is a theoretical consideration about agglomerating process of industries. We applied Input-Output Analysis to this subject. We originated some indexes using Inverse Matrix to supplement insufficiency of existing indexes. Those were Industrial correlative coefficient, Input concentration coefficient, Output concentration coefficient and Income generation ratio. We compared values of those indexes about all industries and indicated that there were two types of agglomerating force of productive groups. Type-1 : groups forming self-multiplicative agglomeration. Type-2 : groups forming stiff agglomeration. And we indicated that there were the kernel industries of agglomerating process and the industries which were utilized for instrument of labour by all industries including themselves. We concluded that these industries were very important for the agglomerating process.
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YUJI HASEMI, TAZO TOKUNAGA
Article type: Article
1983 Volume 332 Pages
145-150
Published: October 30, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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Temperature, volatilizing rate of fuel and heat application to fuel surface were measured on methanol pool fires in a 0.4×0.4×0.4m cubic enclosure to understand the global behavior of enclosure fires. The principal characteristics of enclosure fires found in these tests are as follows. a) The relationship between burning rate and opening factor is discontinuous at one point. The state of combustion is controled by opening conditions at the opening factores lower than the discontinuity, whereas it is comparable with that in a free space at larger opening factors. b) So-called flashover is a pecurior transient process in the region where the steady state burning behavior is ventilation-controled. The criteria for the occurrence of flashover correspond to the discontinuity mentioned above. c) The important condition on ventilation for flashover to appear is that the air supply the enclosure be less than that required for the formation of a turbulent diffusion flame above fuel. The mass air excess ratio to fuel at the criticality is estimated as about 4. d) The relationship between volatilizing rate and opening factor has a nonliner characteristic characterized by the existence of hysteresis. It is estimated that the existence of discontinuity is due to this nonlinear characteristic of enclosure fires.
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HIROSHI KATANO
Article type: Article
1983 Volume 332 Pages
151-158
Published: October 30, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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This study is concerned with the progress of industrialized houses, especialy issued by companies for employees. Shime coal-mine was belong to one of the facilities of Japanese Nationality Railway, and had supplied with coals for steam-locomotive to 1961, now disused. Industrialized houses had been built 88 units, 1946-1951, in which prefabricated timber houses were 48 and L-shape concrete block were 40, and the block-system had infuluence to be diffused for the local construction in Fukuoka-prefecture, but the timber one not so. Because of the difference in goverment's housing policy and the construction mothod, easy or not.
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1983 Volume 332 Pages
159-161
Published: October 30, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1983 Volume 332 Pages
161-163
Published: October 30, 1983
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Article type: Appendix
1983 Volume 332 Pages
App1-
Published: October 30, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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