-
Article type: Cover
1982 Volume 322 Pages
Cover1-
Published: December 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Article type: Cover
1982 Volume 322 Pages
Cover2-
Published: December 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Article type: Index
1982 Volume 322 Pages
Toc1-
Published: December 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Article type: Index
1982 Volume 322 Pages
Toc2-
Published: December 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
SHIGERU MORINAGA, TAKASHI KUWAHARA
Article type: Article
1982 Volume 322 Pages
1-10
Published: December 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
The problems of cracking condition when concrete was subjected to rapid temperature change and cracked in a short time after heating were discussed in Part 1. In this paper, Part 2, cracking conditions of concrete subjected to slow temperature change and cracked in a long time after heating, were reported. In this case, the effect of time-dependent deformation due to flow of concrete had to be taken into consideration. The same procedure as in Part 1 was used also in Part 2. But in Part 2. the rate of temperature change was varied in the region of 0.46〜28.5℃/hr measured by a scale of F_0/t, F_0 being the temperature distribution coefficient specified in Part 1. The age of concrete when tested was selected from 6 hours to 7 days, centering the young age range in which mass concrete comes into question concerning thermal cracking. The test results show that, when concrete was subjected to slow temperature change, cracking condition was greatly affected by the time-dependent deformation due to flow of concrete, and the influence of flow became quite significant as the age of concrete became younger. In order to compensate the influence of flow, correcting factor R was introduced applying the thermal stress theory and was determined quantitatively based upon the test results. It became clear that cracking condition of any mass concrete could be evaluated with accuracy by utilizing the temperature distribution coefficient F_0 and the correcting factor R, irrespective of rate of temperature change and other factors.
View full abstract
-
Hirofumi AOKI, Ben KATO, Tsuneo NANBA, Nobuhiro SATOH
Article type: Article
1982 Volume 322 Pages
11-19
Published: December 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
YOSHINOBU FUJITANI, TEISUKE SUEOKA, MASAMI HANAI
Article type: Article
1982 Volume 322 Pages
20-26
Published: December 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
By extending definition domain of the displacement function of a finite element model for plane stress, we obtain a new element model with the displacement parameters at external points of the element. Shape function and stiffness matrix of a rectangular element with 8 external nodes in addition to its 4 vertex nodes are derived from the Melosh's type of displacement function. Several examples of representative plane stress problems show that the present method may decrease the number of nodal displacement parameters in the analysis of the problems by discretization method in comparison with the Finite Element Methods using the usual element models.
View full abstract
-
Gengo MATSUI
Article type: Article
1982 Volume 322 Pages
27-35
Published: December 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
MAKOTO MATSUURA, HARUYUKI YAMAMOTO
Article type: Article
1982 Volume 322 Pages
36-43
Published: December 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
An analytical method using the incremental formulation is presented for the analysis of nonlinear and time-dependent behavior of reinforced concrete beams and columns. Considering one-dimensional stress and strain states the beam theory is used for member behavior, and the stress-strain law for the concrete material is based on the rheology model in consideration of creep, cracking and shrinkage strain. A composition of the model and the elasto-plastic element taking into account crack are shown in Fig.1 and Fig.3 respectively. The number of elements included K-model and N-model, and the estimating method of model's constants are mentioned in (Section 3). The numerical computations are compared with the experimental results such as the creep behavior, relaxational behavior of beams in (Section 4.1, 4.2) and the creep buckling of eccentrically loaded columns in (Section 4.3). In addition, creep properties of a bond between the concrete and reinforcement are discussed in (Section 4.4). The obtained results are satisfactory on the accuracy within applied limits of the beam theory from the engineering point of view.
View full abstract
-
TERUYASU KAMIBA, HIROSHI KANATANI, KATSUYOSHI FUJIWARA, MOTOTSUGU TABU ...
Article type: Article
1982 Volume 322 Pages
44-51
Published: December 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
In the steel structures consisted of tubular column and H-shaped beams, it is important to proportion the details of connections which should have sufficient load carrying capacity and appropriate rigidity for the transverse force to column walls caused by the normal stresses of beam flanges. To predict the local behavior of those connections analytically, however, is quite difficult. The purpose of the present paper is to investigate the local failure of tubular column to H-beam connections stiffened with ring stiffeners experimentally. The local failure means here the failure of connections that is caused by the normal force of beam flanges, which includes the local collapse of tubes and the fracture of ring stiffeners as well as welds therein. The factors affecting the local failure are the diameter-thickness ratio of tubes and the shape and dimension of both stiffeners and beam flanges, in addition to the material properties of them. For an investigation on the effect of each factor affecting the local failure experimentally, it is necessary that a number of various connections have to be tested. So, in this paper simplified models are used as the test specimens. They are simulated practical interior beam to column connections in rigid frames under vertical loads. The work reported in this paper clears the effects of the dimensional parameters on the local strength of the connections qualitatively and will be used for deriving the empirical formulae to predict the strength in the succeeding paper.
View full abstract
-
TOSHIYUKI MORIMOTO, SHIZUO HAYASHI, TOSHIO YOSHIDA, SEIJI KOKUSHO
Article type: Article
1982 Volume 322 Pages
52-63
Published: December 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
When the reinforced concrete frame is subjected to lateral force, the slippage of the reinforcing bar through the interior beam column joint brings the large fixed end rotation of the beam, and results in the loss in stiffness of the reinforced concrete frame. This paper describes an experimental investigation into the bond behaviour of the beam reinforcing bar through the interior beam column joint. The experiments were carried out on the 14 specimens designed to simulate the beam reinforcing bar in the joint which was pulled at one end and pushed at the opposite end simultaneously. The parameters were loading conditions, axial forces of column, number of loading cycles and concrete strengths. The conclusions obtained from the experiments are as follows; (1) The loading conditions had the great influences on the increase of slippage caused by cyclic loadings. (2) At the pushed end zone, the local bond stiffness was high and the maximum local bond stress was large. (3) When the number of loading cycle was only one, at the pulled end zone the local bond stiffness was lower and the maximum local bond stress was smaller than those at the interior zone. When the number of loading cycle was more than five, however, the relations between local bond stress and local slippage at the interior zone was simular to those at the pulled end zone. (4) Axial forces of column had the great influences on the relations between local bond stress and local slippage at the pushed end zone.
View full abstract
-
MASAFUMI INOUE, KENJI SAWADA, MASAHIDE TOMII
Article type: Article
1982 Volume 322 Pages
64-75
Published: December 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
TADAHISA KATAYAMA
Article type: Article
1982 Volume 322 Pages
76-82
Published: December 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Wind tunnel experiments concerned with the air flows behind the bluff-plates are described. The experiments with wind tunnel are to investigate the followings ; (1) The effects of the profiles of the approaching flows on the cavities of the two-dimensional bluff-plate model, (2) The effects of the aspect ratios of the bluff-plate models on the cavities of them. In the experiment (1), the wind velocity profiles of the approaching flows are changed in six degrees by the regular arrangements of two-dimensional roughness elements in up-stream region of the two-dimensional bluff-plate model. In the experiment (2), the aspect ratios of the bluff-plate models are varied from 16 to 2. Each bluff-plate is placed under the same boundary layer of the approaching flow. Mean and turbulent velocities are measured two-dimensionally by I-type hot-wire anemometer. Flow reattachment lengths, turbulent intensity profiles and the peak frequencies of power spectra are investigated in relation to H/δ, H/z_0 and W/H, in which H and W are the height and the width of bluff-plate model, δ and z_0 are boundary layer thickness and roughness parameter of approaching flow, respectively.
View full abstract
-
MAMORU TAJIMA, HIROSHI KIMURA
Article type: Article
1982 Volume 322 Pages
83-91
Published: December 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
In succession to Part 1, a concrete method of optimizing distribution of facility area was explained. A case study was made on 15 combinations of residences and stores in conformity with a flowchart of planning. A method used to select the optimum combination and its area ratio among them was described and the results were stated. Details of this part are as follows : 5. Concrete method for optimum distribution of facility area 5.1 Presentation of draft plan (master plan) and arrangement of planning conditions 5.2 Examination on successful combinations of facilities 5.3 Examination about proper area ratio of facilities 5.4 Overall examination of combinations and area allocation 5.5 Determination of corrected plan 6. Conclusion As a result of the above case study, the following items were ascertained. 1) By using this planning method, not only reduction in equipment capacity, but also curtailment of energy consumption can be put into practice. 2) The planning method can be applied not only to a combination of residences+stores, but also to combinations of various facilities. 3) From such viewpoint that X (total floor area ratio) is within the practical range in the field of engineering, X ranging from 0.1 to 5.0 was described in the paper, but it is also considerable that proper theoretical values are within the range other than the above. 4) Variation factor of energy consumption, R_E=RANGE/MEAN (MAX./MEAN also axailable) was used as an evaluation value. As this value becomes smaller, the equipment capacity can be rationally designed and the total floor area ratio is optimized. The paper covers the method of distributing the facility area from a standpoint of energy consumption balance. Accordingly, when the method is applied practically, it is advisable to fully understand energy consumption best-suited for locality and to apply it to the method. In addition, a case study on electric energy was mainly explained on account of space consideration. However, when the method was applied to water energy, the similar result was obtainable. In the paper, minimum value of the variation factor, R_E, was used as an evaluation value indicating the variation of synthetic energy consumption classified by time, to evaluate through a comparative method and then good results could be obtained. Moreover, it is intended that verification will be made while applying the method to the actual redevelopment plan.
View full abstract
-
Tetsumi HORIKOSHI, Yotaro KOBAYASHI
Article type: Article
1982 Volume 322 Pages
92-100
Published: December 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
HIDEHIKO TANIMURA
Article type: Article
1982 Volume 322 Pages
101-107
Published: December 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
This paper presents an application of the minimum distance resource allocation model to the spatial allocation problem of hospital beds in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan. The prefecture is divided into 92 'origin' zones and 92 'destination' zones, corresponding to municipal boundaries. Assuming the entropy-maximizing behaviour, a doubly-constrained spatial interaction model is formulated on the basis of 1977 patient survey, resulting in the estimation of the distance decay parameter. Patient generation for 1985 is then estimated on the projected 1985 population. The optimal allocation for 1985 is obtained by applying the 'descent' method to the projected 1985 patient generation. The descent vector is recursively calculated by using a formula obtained by applying the Lagrangian multiplier method to the doubly-constrained spatial interaction model. The observed average distance of home-hospital trip in 1977 was 8.82 kilometers, while the possible minimum average distance for 1985 is 7.66 kilometers. If the minimum number of beds in a zone is constrained to 210, the possible minimum would be 8.64 kilometers. It is concluded that the minimum-distance resource allocation model is an effective tool for health facilities planning.
View full abstract
-
MITSURU SENDA
Article type: Article
1982 Volume 322 Pages
108-117
Published: December 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
As a clue to solve the question, what is the better play-environment for children, the primary scenes in the adults' Memories about the playing experiences in their childhood is focused at. In this thesis, the conditions to organize the better play-environment is searched by analyzing how the primary scenes are formed in the memories.
View full abstract
-
Yuji Agematsu
Article type: Article
1982 Volume 322 Pages
118-127
Published: December 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
NORIKUNI KIMURA
Article type: Article
1982 Volume 322 Pages
128-135
Published: December 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
This paper is the first part of thesis "A Fundamental Study of Yashiro in Ancient Japan", and consists of the following two chapters. I. Introduction. II. "Yashiro" in the 8th century literature. The author will present the synopsis of the whole thesis in the last part of this series of study to be concluded.
View full abstract
-
KEIJI YOSHIDA
Article type: Article
1982 Volume 322 Pages
136-145
Published: December 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
Ohdaira village, west of Iida city, is a lonely small village among the mountains. And it was established in 1754 as the post-town for the Ohdaira road between Iida and Tsumago. But because of poverty, all villagers had to leave there in 1970. There for, 27 houses were left abandoned. It was one of the typical phenomena in the local areas at the time of the high rate of economic growth in Japan. I have surveyed these post-townhouses since 1975. As a result, it has been found that 14 among 27 houses which were abandoned were built in 19C and there exists a certain type of regular form in the plan, the structure and the main elevation. 1) Plan The living hall with a floor fire place are surrounded on two sides by the rooms and the other two sides are fronted on the dirt floor. 2) Structure The roof is a gable which is shingle roof with load stones, and the ridge of the roof is parallel or at right angles to the front. But plan is same on both cases. 3) Main elevation The main elevation of a house is a Segai style. (The upper part of the front protrudes toward a street.) The houses at Araragi & Hirose village which adjoin Ohdaira village are very similar to the Ohdaira type. But as regards the dirt floor, it is partitioned into two parts and also in some other points, there are improvements on the Ohdaira houses. These also existsa regurality among the houses called Honmune type. (We canfind many of them at Nagano area as an old type of houses for a village head man.) There is a close relation between Honmune type and Araragi & Hirose type. That is to say, both of them have same planning core and in addition to that, it is formed by the status zone in the former, and by the post-townzone in the latter. There exists such same planning core in the many types of the old houses at South-Nagano and those types had been developed from this planning core during 250 years 17C to 20C.
View full abstract
-
Morihisa FUJIMOTO, Fukujiro FURUMURA, Takeo AVE
Article type: Article
1982 Volume 322 Pages
146-156
Published: December 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
YUICHI WATANABE
Article type: Article
1982 Volume 322 Pages
157-161
Published: December 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
It is a matter of common knowledge that, as a habit in evacuating in case of fire, a person tends to try to return to his original place by the route that he used in evacuating. In this report, I saw how accurately he could return to his original position without getting lost. The walking was experimented under the visibility condition that its field of vision be limited to the lower part by the use of a vision limiting cap in the same way to walk through smoke. The test has disclosed the following : (1) About 50% of the subjects fail to return to the original place after turning at three intersections if their field of vision is limited to the lower part as smoke infiltrates. (2) When returning to the original position, 80% of people turn to the correct direction but misjudge distance. People try to remember direction first, rather than distance.
View full abstract
-
[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1982 Volume 322 Pages
162-163
Published: December 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1982 Volume 322 Pages
163-165
Published: December 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1982 Volume 322 Pages
165-166
Published: December 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1982 Volume 322 Pages
166-168
Published: December 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
-
Article type: Appendix
1982 Volume 322 Pages
App1-
Published: December 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
JOURNAL
FREE ACCESS
