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Article type: Cover
1981 Volume 307 Pages
Cover1-
Published: September 30, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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Article type: Cover
1981 Volume 307 Pages
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Published: September 30, 1981
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Article type: Index
1981 Volume 307 Pages
Toc1-
Published: September 30, 1981
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Article type: Appendix
1981 Volume 307 Pages
App1-
Published: September 30, 1981
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TAKAKAZU OOI
Article type: Article
1981 Volume 307 Pages
1-11
Published: September 30, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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Concrete hardening process under alternately changing temperature is studied in connection with a modified maturity theory proposed as eqs. (2) and (3). Fitness of this theory to the concrete hardening process under changing temperature depends largely upon the propriety of a hypothesis that maturity factor for concrete may accumulate regardless of the temperature variation in the curing period. This hypothesis is tested here by a large scale experiment designed to obtain much informations for the effects. Test conditions of curing temperature are determined to extract the character of atmospheric temperature variation that would be subjected to the concrete in practice in general. Programmed superposition of temperature variations having different periodic time will characterize this experiment. By applying the method of regression analysis to the test results, many factors concerning to temperature variation are proved to have no distinct effect on the hardening process of concrete defined as the development of mechanical properties of concrete, and accordingly, the modified maturity factor have a good correspondence to the process. The only exception is nothing but freezing and thawing of concrete, whose effect is verified to be significant by the result of variance analysis for the regression coefficients.
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SANZO UMINO, HIROAKI MIMURA
Article type: Article
1981 Volume 307 Pages
12-23
Published: September 30, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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The Welded girders of cranes with high loading cycles develop cracks in the fillet welds between the web plates and top flange, between the ribs and horizontal stiffeners, between the web plates and the ribs and between the upper flange and the vertical stiffeners. These weld fractures occur only in the vicinity of the craneway girder's upper flange, and not in the vicinity of the welds of the lower flange, which are designed and fabricated in a similar way. One of the possible causes of these weld fractures is the local stresses by the eccentricities of crane rail from the center of girder. Our various static tests showed that the local stresses in the vicinity of upper flange were affected by the eccentricities of crane rail, the torsional rigidity of top flange, the bending rigidity of crane rail, the plate thickness of web and the distance between two neighboring vertical stiffeners. Furthermore it was demonstrated through our fatigue tests that the weld fractures in the vicinity of upper flange were caused by the eccentricites of crane rail from the center of girder.
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HATSUO ISHIZAKI, YOSHIHITO TANIIKE
Article type: Article
1981 Volume 307 Pages
24-34
Published: September 30, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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The purpose of the paper is to investigate the characteristics of the unsteady aerodynamic forces acting on several types of three dimensional rectangular prisms which are sinusoidally oscillated with rocking mode across wind direction. Wind tunnel experiments were conducted by use of the forced oscillation technique suggested by Bishop and Hassan. The following results were obtained. 1) The unsteady aerodynamic forces acting on the oscillating models showed the non-linear phenomenon with respect to the reduced wind velocity and the oscillating amplitude. 2) The vortex excitations of the models having the broad faces along wind direction (model 1 : 2, 1 : 3) were not observed near the resonant wind velocity, while the aerodynamic instabilities of the models were found near the lower reduced wind velocity less than one half of the resonant wind velocity. 3) In the case of the model having the broad face across wind direction (model 1 : 0.5) the hard vortex excitation with the large amplitude was observed, while the galloping oscillation was not found at the higher reduced wind velocity. 4) It is considered that the phenomenon discussed above (2, 3) are caused by the phase angles of the unsteady aerodynamic forces relative to the displacement of the models. 5) The onset wind velocity of the oscillation of the model aaving the broad faces along wind direction (model 1 : 2) was shifted to the lower side according to the increase of the aspect ratios (the values divided the height by front width of the prisms). 6) The existence of close correlation between the unsteady aerodynamic force and the fluctuating wake flow was found at the reduced wind velocity related with the onset of the oscillation. 7) The application of the quasi-steady theory to the galloping oscillation is thought to be difficult below the reduced wind velocity of 30. 8) The existence of the locking-in regions was observed. The regions were increased according to the cross section expanded along wind direction. 9) The response curves related to the oscillating amplitude and the reduced wind velocity were obtained, which were plotted with the parameters of the damping ratio and the moment of inertia of the models. 10) The experiments by the forced oscillation technique were compared with the free oscillation experiments. The good agreements were observed with the both results.
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Chiaki Matsui, Shosuke Morino, Junichi Kimura
Article type: Article
1981 Volume 307 Pages
35-45
Published: September 30, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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MASAHIDE TOMII, KENJI SAKINO, KAZUHIKO KIYOHARA
Article type: Article
1981 Volume 307 Pages
46-57
Published: September 30, 1981
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NAOTSUNE TAGA, TOSHIKANE SAKAI, TADASHI MIYAZAKI
Article type: Article
1981 Volume 307 Pages
58-65
Published: September 30, 1981
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The authors performed the observation of microtremors in 201 sites widly distributed in Nagoya City to research dynamic properties of surface soil layers and reinforced concrete structures. The measurements were carried out by using a seismometer of moving coil type with period of 1 second. Observed data were analyzed not only instrumentally by means of an autocorrelator, but also by means of the degital computor. The results of the present research are summarized as follows : (1) The predominant periods of the ground primarily depend on the characteristics of surface soil layers, and are capable of being an effective basis for the ground classification. The maximum amplitudes of microtremors also depend on the characteristics of surface soil layers. (2) The zoning maps of Nagoya City showing the ground classification and the contour lines for predominant periods are presented. (3) The relationship between the damage rates of wooden buildings due to the Tohnankai earthquake and the dynamic properties of microtremors is discussed based on the results of measurements, and the fact is confirmed that the selective resonance of the ground and the buildings is important as a cause of earthquake damage. (4) The damping factors as well as the natural periods of the ground and the reinforced concrete structures are obtained from the results of microtremors observation.
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SANSHIRO SUZUKI, KOICHIRO ASANO
Article type: Article
1981 Volume 307 Pages
66-74
Published: September 30, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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Here is presented a technique to estimate earthquake response of the lumped mass system with poly-linear hysteretic characteristics, whose availability is ascertained for the case of known stationary responses of some nonlinear systems. Vibration tests of one story and one bay steel frame structural models subjected to sinusoidal base motions are carried out, and from these test results the parameters associated with poly-linear hysteretic characteristics prescribing the dynamical collapsing processes of models are determined. Compartive discussions on the results of displacement time history responses and displacement-restoring force relationships lead to the conclusion that the technique presented herein seems to have a fairly well capability of predicting the dynamical collapsing process of building structures.
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KOICHI IKEDA, SUSUMU YOSHIZAWA, MASATAKA NAKANO
Article type: Article
1981 Volume 307 Pages
75-85
Published: September 30, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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To obtain fundamental data for establishing dose-response relationships on wind environmental changes around tall buildings we conducted two kinds of questionnaire surveys (A and B). From survey A, which was conducted among inhabitants who complained that they were suffering from troubles caused by wind environmental changes, we elucidated various facts, such as; (1) The buildings causing wind environmental troubles are, in many cases, multi-storied apartment blocks; (2) The minimum height of the buildings causing wind environmental troubles is three stories; (3) The wind environmental problems affect pedestrians and low buildings in proximity to tall building in various ways. From survey B, which was conducted among inhabitants selected by a specific sampling method, we found that the incidence ratio of wind environmental problems is highest in the zone nearest to tall building, and gradually decrease to zero at a distance of 2 times height of the building in question.
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TSUNEHIRO MANABE, YUICHI HIRABAYASHI
Article type: Article
1981 Volume 307 Pages
86-92
Published: September 30, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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Various methods of construction should be classified systematically, by being based on the principles. There are several theories as the basis of systematization. "The Control of Active Factors" in which we have concerned, is one of them. Primarily, we picked out "water" from many kinds of active factors. Then, as preparation to systematize the control methods of "water", we showed the system of the aquatic phenomena. They can be classified by being based on water's form, phase and position (in or against the building), whose alteration can also be visualized systematically. According to the theory we made, the aquatic phenomena, which have been considered as unlimitedly various, can be systematized and visualized.
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TOYOTOSHI HIROTANI, AKIHIRO ATSUMI
Article type: Article
1981 Volume 307 Pages
93-101
Published: September 30, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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Although it is three dimensional objects called buildings or environments that architects and architectural engineers make, on processes of design and production they communicate each other and make various calculation by using language, drawings and pictures. Computers can easily deal with numbers, words and texts of language, but can not easily do with drawings and pictures. What relation exists between drawings and language? If pictures and three dimensional objects are described easily and precisely by language, computers that use many commands would be efficient in CAD; Computer Aided Design. From this point of view, it was experimented how people transmit drawings by verbal expression, and relation between the expression and proficiency of the transmission has been considered. This is a first paper of the experiment and here the followings will be made known; firstly fundamental glossaries for description of drawings have been collected; secondly any fast and good transmission method has not been found out; thirdly on the other hand side in the case of bad pictures made by the receivers, there is absolute failure in the process.
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HIDEKI KOBAYASHI, SHIGEBUMI SUZUKI
Article type: Article
1981 Volume 307 Pages
102-111
Published: September 30, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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Planners and archtects need more information, from the sociological viewpoint, on how to combine dwelling units into a building form or a housing group. To help answer this question, the significances of "Group-Territory" on small housing groups were studied. This paper (Part 1) finds the factors which have important effects on resident's territorial behavior as a member of his neighborhood, and makes the correlations of these factors clear. 463 wives in 11 housing estates containing low, middle and high-rise buildings were surveyed regarding their daily lives on neighborhood by the questionnaire and interview method. The results support the following statements. (1) Wives who associate with more neighbors have higher level of using common spaces. (2) Wives who associate with more neighbors tend to feel safer. (3) Wives who use the common spaces more frequently are likely to feel safer. (4) Wives in a more intimate group have stronger territorial feeling against strangers. (5) Association in the neighborhood is more intimate in a group where more "Self-Expression" things, such as plant boxes, are found. These statements indicate that association, outdoor activities and feeling of safety interact together and play an important role in the structure of "Group-Territory". The effects of physical settings on these factors are to be reperted in Part 2.
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KAZUO KAKEHI, MINORU KANNO, NORIO KUDO
Article type: Article
1981 Volume 307 Pages
112-121
Published: September 30, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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For the medical regional planning, there are three fundamental problems, the medical circular region, the function of each facilities, the correlation of each facilities. We make a study of the correlation of each facilities in Miyagi Prefecture area by using the data from the national health insurance program. The results obtained are summarized as follows, (1) The correlation of facilities is frequently occured in the region that medical facilities have been incompletely equipped. (2) The correlation of facilities is frequently occured between the most of clinics and the other facilities. Therefore the clinic is a core of the correlation of facilities. (3) The correlation of facilities is frequently occured on medical care of cancer and alienation. (4) A changing facilities is occured on the time for an operation, a certain diagnosis, a special cure, an after care, an emergency care, a medical care in the different subject.
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TAKASHI OMI, AKIO NAKAMURA, MASAO SHIDA, KENICHI ABE
Article type: Article
1981 Volume 307 Pages
122-134
Published: September 30, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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The purpose of this paper is to explain the characters of human-behaviour during strong earthquakes in Miyagioki Earthquakes, 1978 correlating the following factors. 1) vibrations-characteristics 2) environmental conditions in which they act 3) environmental objective conditions around them 4) actors-their characters and mental process Human-behaviour during earthquakes was divided into two parts-behaviour which one takes immediately and senselessly, behaviour which one takes after judging of the dangerous conditions. Quantitative Analysis-II was adopted to decide the strength of the factors affecting each part of the behaviour. The factors strongly affecting human-behaviour are as follows : 1) recognition of the fore-shock 2) sex and age of the actor 3) actions just before the earthquakes 4) various places in which they were 5) dealing with dangerous articles 6) the weak being at the actor's side (ex. little ones, the sick, the old) 7) behaviour which one takes immediately and senselessly
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SEIROKU OTA
Article type: Article
1981 Volume 307 Pages
135-141
Published: September 30, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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This is a study on the Kayanoin Palace of the Heian noble "Yorimichi Fujiwara" and refered to the relation between Kayanoin Palace and Uji Howodo Temple.
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KEIICHI SHIMIZU
Article type: Article
1981 Volume 307 Pages
142-150
Published: September 30, 1981
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Befor full scale secondary architectural education at TOKYO SHOGYO GAKKO (Tokyo Commercial School Commercial and Engineering Apprentice School) in 1886, various means of engineering education learned architectural technique. The aim of this paper is to make clear the contents of architectural education of them. Contents Preface 1. Architectural education in the quick training educational institutions of KOBU MINISTRY. 2. Architectural education by private professionall schools. 3. Architectural education by TOKYO FU SHOMIN YAGAKKO (TOKYO Pri. People's Night School). 4. Architectural educational institutions of the EDUCATION MINISTRY.
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HAJIME OBATA
Article type: Article
1981 Volume 307 Pages
151-159
Published: September 30, 1981
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K.E. Osthaus (1874-1921) ist einer der bekanntesten Kunstpolitker seiner Zeit in Deutschland. Er begrundete das Folkwang-museum, schatzte Kunstler und sammelte umfangreiche Kunstwerke, um seine Stadt Hagen kunstlerisch zu verschonern. Unter ihm arbeitete von 1910 bis 1916 der hollandische Architekt J.L.M. Lauweriks (1864-1932). Um ihre Taten und Ideen verstandlich zu machen, gliedert sich der Aufsatz in folgende Artikel : I. Einleitung II. K.E. Osthaus, seine Taten und Ideen III. J.L.M. Iauweriks, seine Werke und Ideen (1910-16) III-1. Arithmetische Proportion III-2. Geometrische Proportion III-3. Rhythmus und Bewegung IV. H. van de Velde, P. Behrens und J.L.M. Lauweriks V. Darmstadt und Hagen -Schluβ-
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HAJIME OBATA
Article type: Article
1981 Volume 307 Pages
160-167
Published: September 30, 1981
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Um den Weltmarkt zu erobern, beteiligte man sich um das Jahr 1900 von Seiten der Lander sehr rege an den internationalen Ausstellungen. In dem ersten und zweiten Teil dieses Aufsatzes wurden die Aktivitat von J.M. Olbrich und der Kunstlerkolonie in Deutschland erlautert. Der dritte Teil behandelt jetzt ihre Aktivitaten im Ausland, namlich ihr Engagement auf der Pariser Weltausstellung von 1900, der Ersten Internationalen Ausstellung fur moderne dekorative Kunst in Turin 1902 und der Weltausstellung in St. Louis im Jahre 1904. Im Zusammenhang damit jeweils die politischen, okonomischen und nationalistischen Forderungen. Danach ein kurzer Bericht uber Olbrichs letzten groβen Bau, das Warenhaus "Tietz" in Dusseldorf, und schlieβlich seinen Tod im Jahre 1908. Zum Schluβ zusammenfassend werden die charakteristischen Merkmale der Darmstadter Kunstlerkolonie und der Architektur Olbrichs, namlich seine architektonische-konstruktive Methode und seine haufig angewandten Dekorationen und Farben, erklart.
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HAJIME OBATA
Article type: Article
1981 Volume 307 Pages
168-174
Published: September 30, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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Als "Munchner Gruppe" werden in diesem Aufsatz jene Kunstler bezeichnet, die um das Jahr 1900 ein neuen Kunstgewerbe in Munchen versucht hatten, z.B.H. Obrist, A. Endell u.a. Um ihre schopferische und idealistische Tatigkeit zu verstehen, gliedert sich der Aufsatz in folgende Artikel : I. Einleitung II. VI. Internationale Kunstausstellung 1897 III. Hermann Obrist IV. August Endell IV-1. Uber seine Formgebung IV-2. Uber seine Farbgebung -Eine kurze Erganzung- V. Schluβ
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1981 Volume 307 Pages
175-176
Published: September 30, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1981 Volume 307 Pages
176-177
Published: September 30, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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