Transactions of the Architectural Institute of Japan

[title in Japanese]

Article type: Cover
1980 Volume 289 Pages Cover1-
Published: March 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.289.0_Cover1

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Cover
1980 Volume 289 Pages Cover2-
Published: March 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.289.0_Cover2

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Index
1980 Volume 289 Pages Toc1-
Published: March 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.289.0_Toc1

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
1980 Volume 289 Pages App1-
Published: March 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.289.0_App1

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WEATHERABILITY OF ELASTOMERIC ROOFING MEMBRANES : Part 6 Estimation of Light and Heat Effect on Rubber and Plastic Sheets and Films

MICHIO KOIKE, KYOJI TANAKA

Article type: Article
1980 Volume 289 Pages 1-10
Published: March 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.289.0_1

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This paper deals with a quantitative estimation of light and heat effect on rubber and plastic sheets and films under an accelerated weathering test by a specially designed apparatus. The apparatus provides sample-holders at four different distances from a light souce (so-called Sunshine Carbon Arc) so as to exposed samples to light of different intensity. The test was made at three ambient temperatures, 7℃, 40℃ and 60°. Decreases of elongation at break are adopted as an index of degradation of samples, and expressed in the form of equations which contain three parameters such that the intensity of light exposed, the temperature of samples during the test and the time of exposure, based on the result obtained at an ambient temperature of 40℃. The values calculated by the equations thus obtained approximately agree with values observed not only at 40℃ but also at 70℃ and 60℃.

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A Study of the Concrete Fracture Mechanism under Uniaxial Compressive Load

M. Izumi, H. Mihashi, T. Sasaki

Article type: Article
1980 Volume 289 Pages 11-25
Published: March 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.289.0_11

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LIMIT ANALYSIS OF FRAME STRUCTURES SUBJECTED TO COMBINED STRESSES

MICHIKATSU HIRANO, HIDEO HOZUMI

Article type: Article
1980 Volume 289 Pages 27-39
Published: March 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.289.0_27

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This paper describes a method of analysing the collapse load of frame structures considering combined stresses. The nonlinear conditions of a frame structure, reports the paper, can be linearized by means of the yield condition convex polyhedron, which is modified in repetition to obtain as much value of the collapse load under the actual yielding conditions as possible. The mathematical way of the said process is S. L. P.. The process introduced herein features mainly as follows. 1) This can provide with more correct results than the refference (11) or (12) does. 2) An example of the stress distribution under the ultimate load can be given as a solution of some mere simultaneous linear equations by the aid of degeneracy. 3) Since the safety factors at both the upper and the lower bounds are always obtainable, wherever of the stage of repetition should the modification be ceased, the range within the true solution exists is apparent. This paper introduces an analysing process based upon the upper and the lower bound theorem, stating that the linearization by S. L. P. of nonlinear equations, representing the theme of the limit analysis is quite equivalent to establishing the linearized yield convex polyhedron. The paper also especially clarifies the course of analysis based on the upper bound theorem while most of the essays presented so far treats the upper bound theorem simply as a dual problem to the lower bound theorem which the theme of limit analysis is based on to formulate.

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STUDY ON VERTICALLY LOADED PILE CAPS PART-1

MAMORU OBATA, KAZUO OHTSUKI

Article type: Article
1980 Volume 289 Pages 41-52
Published: March 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.289.0_41

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This paper reports the results of experimental work on the reinforced concrete four pile caps under vertical load. Twenty square pile caps were tested. The variables involved were position of piles, ratio of reinforcement and side length of column. For fourteen pile caps final failure was in shear and for the others it was in bending. In shear failure two distinct forms were recorded. The first was a punching failure by the column punching through the pile cap. The second was similar to that in a wide beam, with the pile cap splitting into two halves which were displaced vertically relative to one another. In regard to the ultimate strength the results of the test were compared with the values calculated according to the equations proposed by others, to the provision for the moment and shear in A. I. J. Building Code Requirements for Reinforced Concrete (1975) and to that in A. C. I. Building Code Requirements for Reinforced Concrete (ACI 318-71). To conclude the discussions the authors point out that the prevision for moment in A. I. J. Building Code 1975 leads to a noticeable error toward the dangerous side in the case where piles were set at each corner of pile cap.

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PROBABILISTIC ANALYSIS FOR A PLASTIC RESPONSE REQUIREMENT OF A STRUCTURE : Part I Hysteretic Energy Dissipation of Single-Degree-of-Fredoom System Subjected Non-White Noise Excitation

GI HONG

Article type: Article
1980 Volume 289 Pages 53-58
Published: March 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.289.0_53

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This paper describes an analytical method predicting the hysteretic energy dissipation requirement. The proposed method will be discussed in succeeding two reports. First, new analytical technique is presented for the estimation of probability distribution of hysteretic energy dissipation for the stationary response of bi-linear hysteretic single-degree-of-freedom system subjected to non-white noise excitation, and they are compared with the results by Monte-Carlo simulations.

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STUDY OF THE BENDING BEHAVIOR OF REINFORCED CONCRETE COLUMNS UNDER CHANGING AXIAL FORCE : Part 1 Experiments and Sectional Analysis

SHIZUO HAYASHI, SEIJI KOKUSHO, EIJI TERAMOTO

Article type: Article
1980 Volume 289 Pages 59-67
Published: March 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.289.0_59

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This paper describes the experimental and analytical results carried out to investigate the influence of changing axial force on the restoring force chracteristics of reinforced concrete columns. 11 specimens are tested under two-point loading and subjected to pure bending moment and axial force in the test length. 5 of them are tested under loading condition of constant axial force and increasing lateral load. 6 of them are tested under loading condition that axial force and lateral load are changing by turns or at the same time. The relationships between moment and curvature in the test length are analyzed based on the properties of materials and on the assumption that the plane section remains plane after deformation. The results of the experiments and analysis are as follows; (1) The yield moment is not influenced by load paths, and depends on magnitude of axial force when tensile reinforcement yields. (2) When axial force increases under constant lateral load, curvature decreases a little. And when lateral load increases under the constant axial force, the relationship between moment and curvature draws towards that of the specimen tested under loading condition of the constant axial force and increasing lateral loal. (3) When axial force decreases under constant lateral load, curvature increases and comes up to the curvature of the specimen tested under the constant axial force. (4) The analysis agrees with the experimental results except some differences. It is considered that these differences come from taking no account of the bond between concrete and reinforcement in the analysis.

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SEISMIC RESPONSE OF SHELL STRUCTURE SUBJECTED TO SPATIALL VARIANT WAVES : Part 2 Response of Ring Foundation

GENGO MATSUI, HITOSHI SEYA

Article type: Article
1980 Volume 289 Pages 69-78
Published: March 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.289.0_69

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This paper deals with dynamic response of a ring foundation subjected to propagating seismic waves. The ring foundation is assumed to rest directly on semi-infinite elastic medium. The displacement function of the soil is evaluated by the application of Nakano's solution derived from the three-dimensional wave equation (5). Numerical results are examined in the range of low frequency by Tajimi's approximate method (1). The stresses and displacements in the ring are calculated by solving the boundary condition in frequency domain. The result of numerical examples is summarized as the followings. 1) For higher circumferential mode numbers, namely n=2, the tendency to inextensional deformation of ring is ascertained. And the magnitude of the radial displacement of ring is nearly equal to the radial displacement of the input waves, when the radial displacement of the input waves is larger than the circumferential displacement. 2) In the range of low frequency where the displacement component of seismic waves is large, the axial stress in the circumferential direction of n=0 and the bending stress of n=2 are predominant among the other stress components. 3) The effects of the width ratio to the diameter of the ring are compared with two cases; 0.1 and 0.2. In case of 0.2, the axial stresses of n=0 and 1 are less, but the bending stresses of n=2 and 3 become larger than that of 0.1, respectively. 4) In order to analyze the ring foundation of this problem, a static method is not adequate in the high frequency range, and the dynamic method proposed here should be used.

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Bibliography
1980 Volume 289 Pages 77-
Published: March 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.289.0_77

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THE GROUND MOTION OF THE GREAT KWANTO EARTHQUAKE OF 1923

Takaki MORIOKA

Article type: Article
1980 Volume 289 Pages 79-91
Published: March 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.289.0_79

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RESEARCH ON LABORATORY MEASUREMENT METHODS OF NOISE GENERATED BY WATER SUPPLY APPLIANCES AND EQUIPMENT

HIROSHI CHINO, HEIICHIRO OKAWA

Article type: Article
1980 Volume 289 Pages 93-99
Published: March 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.289.0_93

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In accordance with the laboratory measurement methods of the noise generated by water supply appliances and equipment specified in the ISO Standards, the noise shall be evaluated according to the noise level (Ls) specified in the installation noise standards. In the previous measurements conducted by the authors using the ISO method the sounds levels measured exhibited rather poor uniformity and reproducibility for reasons not ascertainable at that time. In the attached papers it is shown that the main reason for unreliable measurement values was intrusion of air bubbles in the test water pipes. Now accurate measurement values of the noise emitted by the water supply appliances and equipment have been successfully obtained by preventing such intrusion of air bubbles into the test water pipes.

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STUDIES ON THE FLUCTUATING CONCENTRATION OF INDOOR AIRBORNE PARTICLES : Part 1 Some Considerations over Size Distribution

ICHIYA HAYAKAWA, SHUJI FUJII, TAKESHI KUBO

Article type: Article
1980 Volume 289 Pages 101-109
Published: March 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.289.0_101

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The concentration of airborne particles is considered to be as one of the important factors to estimate the environment in the room. The purpose of this study is to find out methods of estimating the fluctuating concentration of airborne particles in the room. Therefore, surveys were carried out at four big hospitals including surgical operation rooms. This report is composed of the following studies as Part 1. 1) Surveys at four big hospitals; By using light scattering measurements, concentrations by count base above certain diameters (0.5, 1.0, 3.0, 5.0, 10.0μm) have been simultaneously obtained. The surveys were daily carried out for 11 hours continuously (7 : 00&acd;18 : 00), considering particle size distribution and fluctuating concentration. Results on the necessity of estimating size distribution and fluctuation were concluded. 2) Some considerations over size distribution; According to statistical analysis, the probability of concentration is presented by log-normal distribution at a short time interval of the estimation process. Through relationship in concentrations among various diameters of the same particles, correlation coefficients matrices were classified into five patterns. Since light scattering measurements have limits in measuring diameter, the estimation of particles distribution of whole body has been theoretically obtained by using the log-normal distribution. Furthermore, through analysis of log-normal and log-log representation, it has been found that the latter could be applied for estimating the distribution of airborne particles in the room.

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THE APPLICATION OF THE THERMAL NETWORK METHOD TO THE CALCULATION OF THE UNSTEADY HEAT LOAD OF BUILDING : Part V The Analysis of Thermal Behaviour of A Multi-room Building

OSAMU ISHIHARA

Article type: Article
1980 Volume 289 Pages 111-117
Published: March 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.289.0_111

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In this paper, using the theoretical framework set out in the previous report (Part I), describe the actual operation of thermal network and the results obtained from an analysis of thermal behaviour of multi-room. An object of analysis in this report is one floor of building and has plan with three rooms and corridor. Fig. 1 shows this plan and Fig. 2 shows the thermal network of this multi-room. The fundamental dynamic characteristic (unit step response and frequency characteristic), the room-air temperature fluctuation in unconditioned rooms and the heat extraction rate in conditioned rooms (continuous or intermittent cooling) were obtained by using the thermal network method. Moreover, compared the above results with approximate procedure of multi-room which decrease the number to two rooms or one room and good results brought out.

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ANALYSIS OF PEDESTRIAN MOVEMENT IN BI-DIRECTIONAL FLOW

KUNIO KATO, TAKAO UEHARA, KAZUO NAKAMURA, MATSUTARO YOSHIOKA

Article type: Article
1980 Volume 289 Pages 119-129
Published: March 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.289.0_119

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In this paper, several characteristics in bi-directional pedestrian flow on a footway are discussed. These characteristics will be used to develop a macroscopic simulation model which applied to facility planning of footway or passage. This study is carried out as follows. 1) Relations between the density, speed and flow rate of pedestrian in bi-directional flow are discussed. 2) Behavior of stratified sub-flows which are formed by identical directional pedestrians is investigated. 3) Interactions between opposite directional pedestrians are analyzed quantitatively.

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NUMBER OF BOOKS AND PERIODICALS USED IN INVESTIGATIONS : A Research for Academic Library Planning No.2

KAICHIRO KURIHARA, SHINJI TOMIE, SADAO UEMATSU, SHINICHIRO KADOYA, SHU ...

Article type: Article
1980 Volume 289 Pages 131-137
Published: March 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.289.0_131

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We investigated the number of books and periodicals which are used by researchers in writing papers. The investigation depends on the indirect way of counting at the level of NDC 100 clasifications the number of the references which appear in each paper and thesis. On the results, the most striking points are as follows : 1) The number of references are 9.2 volumes of books and 4.9 volumes of periodicals in the field of humaities and social sciences, while in the field of natural sciences and technology they are 0.7 volumes of books and 5.7 volumes of periodicals. Above all, the academic fields which depend 90 percent and over of their references on the periodicals are manufacturing industory, earth sciences, chemical technology, medical sciences, zoological sciences, chemistry, physics, botanical sciences, and astronomy. 2) The academic fields which depend 70 percent and over of their references on the domestic materials are architecture, silkreeling industory, household management, geography, history of Japan, Japanese language and literature, Chinese language and literature, Shintoism, Buddism, fine arts, history in general, and social sciences and welfare. On the other hand, the academic fields which depend 70 percent and over of their references on the oversea materials are mathematics, physics, biology and natural history, stockbreeding and veterinary medicine, botanical sciences, phylosophy, German language and literature, French language and literature, and other foreign languages and literatures. These data will be useful to estimate the number of books and periodicals that should be suitably stocked in the academic libray according to its specialities.

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Bibliography
1980 Volume 289 Pages 137-
Published: March 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.289.0_137

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K. F. SCHINKEL'S DESIGN FOR "ALTES MUSEUM" : On the Design-Concept of the Public Institution at the Beginning of the 19th Century

TOSHIMASA SUGIMOTO

Article type: Article
1980 Volume 289 Pages 139-145
Published: March 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.289.0_139

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I. Introduction II. Controversy about the idea of "ZweckmaBigkeit" III. Method of architectural composition IV. Apparant constructive aesthetics V. Relation to the renewal of urban space VI. Social aspect of the public institution The architectural design of "Altes Museum" in Berlin by K. F. Schinkel showed the archetype of architectural design for the public institution in the age of the modern civic society. The basic design-principle was to raise the concept "ZweckmaBigkeit" associated with the economic consideration to the level of art. The contemporal rationalistic idea in Europe to articulate and compose the inner space was introduced. The block-form was made logically by combining the rectangular space-units, the rotunda and the colonnade by means of proportion. The block-form was covered with the simple constructive appearance, that showed Schinkel's apparant constructive aesthetics applying classic style. Such formal system played also a role of a mean to reform the urban space, and to reorganize the ine infra-structure of the town. The social purpose of musem, defined to cultivate the nation, was achieved through architectural method giving enjoyment to the people with architectural setting and authorizing it as a space introducing the rotunda.

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THE STUDY ON THE PLANNING OF THE COASTAL ZONE USE (No.2) : On the Method of Selection of Developmental District for Residence on the Sea

NORIHISA YOKOUCHI, SHINICHI SUZUKI, NOBUO HIRAI

Article type: Article
1980 Volume 289 Pages 147-154
Published: March 30, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.289.0_147

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This study that originates the method of selection of developmental district for residence on the sea, in 276 cities possess coastline all over Japan, that extend national land level to district level come to conclusion in No.1 and No.2 of Report. Composition in this paper is as follows. 1. Examinat : on of 8 cities that selected by the method of selection are cities that high potenial area lies on the coastal zone. 2. Selection of developmental district by valuation items. 3. Extracted general property in developmental district. In particular, examination in 1. is one of the most important factors to this method for the purpose of locating establishement. And in 3. the high potential area of the city exists less than about one kilometer from developmental district, became clear important point to locating establishement.

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