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Article type: Cover
1982 Volume 317 Pages
Cover1-
Published: July 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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Article type: Cover
1982 Volume 317 Pages
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Published: July 30, 1982
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Article type: Index
1982 Volume 317 Pages
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Published: July 30, 1982
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Article type: Appendix
1982 Volume 317 Pages
App1-
Published: July 30, 1982
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Yuji ISHIYAMA
Article type: Article
1982 Volume 317 Pages
1-14
Published: July 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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KIYOSHI KANETA, ISAO KOHZU
Article type: Article
1982 Volume 317 Pages
15-22
Published: July 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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In order to clarify the mechanical properties and the low-cycle fatigue strength of the idealized beam-to-column welded joints, this experimental investigation was carried out. Specimens, consisted of JIS SS 41 mild steel plates, were welded by means of CO_2-Gas butt welding or Non-Gas butt welding and fabricated to flat plate shapes which were named A-Type, or crossed shapes named B or C-Type. Three types of specimens were loaded at constant amplitudes from ±0.5% to ±1.5% as the deformations between the gauge length in a manner of quasi-static state. Only the C-Type specimens were subjected to constant bi-axial forces which simulated cyclic bending moments and column axial forces, using a special loading apparatus. The following phenomena were clearly observed from the results of the monotonic tension tests; anisotropy of the mild steel plates in the thickness direction existed and the sensitivity on Lamellar Tearing was quite high. The low-cycle fatigue strength of the A and B-Type specimens is well expressed by the well known Manson-Coffin formulae in terms of the non-dimensional elastic and plastic strain amplitudes and the equivalent fatigue lives. No deteriorations can be remarkable observed from the biaxial fatigue tests using the C-Type specimens in the nondimensional form of fatigue strength, which employed the plastic anisotropy proposed by Hill's yield criteria.
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SHINTARO OHBA
Article type: Article
1982 Volume 317 Pages
23-31
Published: July 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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The purpose of this study is to investigate the influences of the foundation types and ground conditions on the natural period of actual buildings. About 200 buildings on different kinds of ground were selected. These buildings have similar plan type and are of reinforced concrete or steel reinforced concrete structure of 2 to 6 stories. In order to obtain the natural period, we have measured microtremors in both principal directions of the buildings. The measured values were compared with the theoretical ones for the rocking vibration of continuous body of shear type on an elastic half-space. Summary is as follows; 1. The natural period depends on the types of foundations. The natural period of the buildings with piled foundation is generally longer than that with the spread foundation. 2. The properties of the soil to the depth of about ten meters determine the dynamic characteristics of the buildings relatively rigid. 3. Strong correlation has been observed between the measured natural period and the average N-value by standard corn penetration test to the depth of ten meters. The natural period increases as the average N-value decreases regardless of the types of foundations. This tendency is clearer as lower the buildings. 4. The measured natural period approximately agrees with the theoretical value except the buildings supported on piles in soft ground. If the effect of increasing of stiffness of soil by existing piles is considered, the "dynamical ground compliance" theory can be applied.
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KOJI TOMINAGA, KUNIO YAMAGATA
Article type: Article
1982 Volume 317 Pages
32-40
Published: July 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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The behavior of laterally loaded pile groups in elasto-plastic soil is examined in two papers by writers. This paper is the first and deals with plastic soil resistance which has a great influence on the behavior of piles. In the second paper (part II), the analysis for a pile group in due consideration of above plastic soil resistance and more realistic boundary condition than that in the employed by Poulos is proposed. The plastic soil resistance around a pile group is different from single pile, and is governed by the arrangement of piles and distance of those, etc. Considering these conditions, the peculiar plastic soil resistance for pile groups are presented in this paper.
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KOJI YOSHIMURA, KENJI KIKUCHI
Article type: Article
1982 Volume 317 Pages
41-49
Published: July 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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Main objective of the present study is to examine the practical method for evaluating the lateral stiffness of R/C framed shear walls which are irregularly provided into the low-rise R/C building frames. Summarizing the results of analysis; (1) Shear and flexural rigidities of the framed shear walls which are provided irregularly into the building frames are not widely affected by the pattern of arrangement of the shear walls and are approximately constant through the height of the whole building. And these rigidities are nearly determined by the current practial method. (2) Pattern of arrangement of shear walls has a large effect on the rotational deformation of those framed shear walls. (3) Rotational rigidity of the framed shear walls which is determined by considering the axial deformation of columns located under those shear walls has approximately a good agreement with those determined by the precise analysis. (4) Horizontal displacements, fundamental periods and modal participation functions of the low-rise building frames in which those framed shear walls are irregularly provided can be approximately evaluated by using the practical method for determining the lateral stiffness of the shear walls.
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HIROSHI IMAI
Article type: Article
1982 Volume 317 Pages
50-57
Published: July 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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In the previous paper, the effects of an embedded beam on the elastic and plastic properties of framed reinforced concrete shear walls subjected to shear force were discussed at the view-point of "Indirectly Measured Values", which were analyzed based on actually measured strains and applied forces. Herein they are discussed at the view-point of "Theoretical Analyscs", of which analytical assumptions are based on the stress-strain relationships of "Indirectly Measured Values" analyzed in the previous paper, and the following results have been obtained again. (1) Before cracking in the concrete wall panels, the panels are more or less under pure shear and the stresses of the embedded beam are negligibly small. So the existence of the embedded beam gives little influences on the behaviors of framed shear walls. (2) After cracking in the wall panels, as the embedded beam tends to prevent the peripheral frame from expansion, its tensile stress becomes fairly large. Because of these actions the shear stress distribution of column-frames with the embedded beam differs from that of the other specimen without the beam.
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HARUO LEE
Article type: Article
1982 Volume 317 Pages
58-68
Published: July 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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First, the basic methodology for the system simulation was described. Second, relations between change in values measured by sensors and amount of heat supplied or potential energy supplied are described, which are generalizing many kinds of controlling methods. Third, difference between each thermal load (sensible, latent and fresh air volume) and amount of heat supplied by an air handling unit in change of each conditioned zone. Fourth, amount of supply heat in the various systems for heating and air-conditioning was studied, and then a general method for describing the systems including control systems was shown. Fifth, heat balance equations were made as basic equations. Sixth, related equations were arranged and described in Table 4, which included a system and a control method in case of solving the basic equations mentioned above for various definite systems. According to Table 4, various systems which are in common use can be described generally with control included. Seventh, relations between Table 4 and various definite systems were described. Eighth, using the related equations mentioned above, the outline of schematic calculation flow was described, which calculates defenitely various state values, an indoor environment level and heat exchanged. Finally, the examples of calculation using the simulation program made by the method described above was showed.
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SHIGERU WAKAYAMA
Article type: Article
1982 Volume 317 Pages
69-74
Published: July 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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After the classifications of building system by deductive method and by inductive method, 12 fundamental types of building system were recognized. I made a distribution map of the 12 types according to the analysis of various data of buildings, and considered about zoning by the types of building system. This report is the first step of a study on conditions of building system.
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SHUNSUKE FUKUSHIMA, MASAHIKO ARAKI, TADASHI KAWADA
Article type: Article
1982 Volume 317 Pages
75-83
Published: July 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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Signs around underground paths, etc. are generally designed and located in overabundance, so especially the emergency signs such as "EMERGENCY EXIT" are in excess. Nevertheless there are few answers for this kind of problem from the architectural planning point of of view. In the previous report, through the indoor experiment, basic visual reactions were investigated and several basic results were reported. In this paper, based on these results, the measures for estimating sign planning in the architectural scenes are going to be introduced by investigating the trend of visual searching of signs. So the experiments for visual searching of signs were carried out in the actural underground environment where many variable factors such as spacial volume, several human behaviors, noise, etc., exist. First of all visual processing time was investigated which is one of the measures representing human behavior which is only possible by obtaining many kinds of visual information, and so physical factors explaining visual processing time were picked up and analysed. They are the sign's subtended angle, angle between horizontal line of sight to the center of environmental scene and they are acceptable physical factors for the singular target. With these factors the model of processing time for a singular target was introduced. Then the plural targets were analysed. In the plural target's case, there are plural signs to be searched, so each sign has each processing time calculated by the model of singular target, and processing time for plural targets takes a minimum amount of processing time calculated for each target. So mean of processing time can be determined by using combined graphs based on the model of processing time of singular target. That is, mean of processing time is the area whithin the line which takes a minimum of processing time for each sign. The combined graph is quite useful for simple judgement of the effectiveness of sign positioning. Also by investigating the relation between mean of processing time and the subtended angle which differs according to the numbers of signs and the sign positioning, redundancy of signs around one specific point can be known. As a result of this analysis, processing time was found not necassarilly to be shortened even if the numbers of signs were in excess.
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YOSHIO TAKESHIMA
Article type: Article
1982 Volume 317 Pages
84-91
Published: July 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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Aim of this study is to search problems of hyerarchical assembly facilities. This report, especially, analyses the relations between facilities of each level and degree of room use, users. The conclusions are follows : 1. Facilities of upper level have many kinds of rooms and many rooms. But, in facilities of each level, council rooms (as multipurpose room), especially those of small scale, are the most useful than the other rooms. 2. In this report, use of facilities are separated participation to lectures and use of rental-room. In use of rentalroom, facilities of upper level are mainly used by occupational group, and those of lower level are mainly used by private group. Therefore, facilities of upper level cannot include those of lower level.
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TAKAHIRO NOGUCHI, FUJIO ADACHI
Article type: Article
1982 Volume 317 Pages
92-104
Published: July 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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We can find the remarkable characteristics in houses of Hokkaido in aspects of plan type and house form. Those are shaped on the nature condition and the living style peculiar to the region. It seems that the house is very different from that of the warm-mild regions in Japan. The object of this paper is to clarify the characteristics and some problems on planning. The main features are as follows. 1. The house plan of Hokkaido is simple in form and the openings are relatively small as a whole. That is, the house is rather closed to exterior than Japanese traditional house, which is wide open to exterior. 2. The passage space in the house is small and to the contrary the dwelling space is large in comparison with that of other regions. And so the plan type is very compact. 3. Most of houses in Hokkaido have a large-sized living room which is about the size of 10〜12 "Jo" (number of Tatami). This room is significant for the living in winter, and so many dwellers demand the enlargement of space. 4. We can find the typical plan type that the rooms are arranged around the living room and those rooms are directly joined with it. This plan type is closely related to the heating method and lilving style in Hokkaido. It is necessary to consider the typical planning system introducing the principle of forming space like this and to establish the housing style suitable for the snowy-cold region.
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SHINGO TAMAKI, TATSUO KONDO
Article type: Article
1982 Volume 317 Pages
105-116
Published: July 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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In last thesis, it was analyzed that the frontage of residential lot had been converging into 3 "Ken" (5.4 meter) in historically built-up area. So that, it is deduced that housing frontage effects on housing plan. Put it in another way, it is conjectured that the effects on housing planning have facilitated such convergency. This paper deals with the corelation between the housing frontage and housing plans in small frontage dwellings from 2 "Ken" to 4 "Ken". The conclusions are as follows, In the housing frontage of 2 "Ken" (3.6 meter) and 2.5 "Ken" (4.5 meter), it is difficult to plan a reasonable passage space. Consequently, housing depth is shallow and housing space is small. In the housing frontage of 3 "Ken" (5.4 meter), it is possible to make the passage space run through the house. So, it is possible to have deeper depth plans by the passage route connecting to the every room. And, it is possible to have the necessary living spaces. Of course, housing frontage of more than 3.5 "Ken" may provide more freely the housing planning. But, in this case, the necessary living spaces may be established the shallower housing depth, so, it is not reasonable in view point of getting the frontage saving of the housing plan.
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Yutaka INOUE
Article type: Article
1982 Volume 317 Pages
117-124
Published: July 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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SHIZUO MATSUMOTO
Article type: Article
1982 Volume 317 Pages
125-132
Published: July 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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Francesco di Giorgio (1439-1501) was one of the great architects in Renaissance architecture, known by his treatices which influenced later theorists and architects. In this paper, his motivation and method are tried to make clear, through the introduction of his own and others'manuscripts. His attitude to traditions, especially, to "authorities" was not to submit "reason" to them or to abandon it, but to permit and recognize them, based on the primitive exsistential and intentional way. On this point of view he was motivated to re-descrive Vitruvius's "De Architectur", criticizing his contemporary confusion in architecture. Therefore his method was to verify and interpret the greek and roman documents and ruins in order to identify "understanding" with "fact" or "truth".
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KOICHI YAMADA, TOSHIO KIMURA
Article type: Article
1982 Volume 317 Pages
133-140
Published: July 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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It is wellknown that Imperial Osaka Mint was the first factory in Japan having been constructed when Japan first opened its door to foreign countries in the Meiji Era, and there were various studies made by many scholars about it. We shall be pleased if these thesis would be helpful for understanding the early stage of the construction work of the minting factory which had not been discussed formerly. First of all, it would be better to discus whether the plan for the foundry were created by Mr. Thomas James Waters or were produced by him according to other data to refer. Putting aside the subject whether the plan was made originally by Mr. Waters or not, let us study next whether the plan would have been changed on the process of production particularly, if so, what was the plan which was originally made.
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YOSHIHISA SAWANOBORI
Article type: Article
1982 Volume 317 Pages
141-147
Published: July 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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This report, Part 3 deals with the construction of the space of Kanjyo, the main part of the ceremony, and some conclusions.
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RYUZI KURODA
Article type: Article
1982 Volume 317 Pages
148-154
Published: July 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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Hie-Taisha, one of the most historical and biggest Shinto-shrine, is famous for its characteristic form of three Honden (main sanctuary of the shrine) called Hie-zukuri. Another important point is that seven Honden including three Hie-zukuri-Honden have rooms named Geden under the main floor. This paper tries to make clear this architectural construction by paying attention to the plan of main floor rooms and under floor rooms, and tries to clarify the situation of Geden before Meiji Restoration. The summary of brief actual measurements and investigations of several old records is as follows : (1) Hie-zukuri-Honden and Sangenshanagare-zukuri-Honden have a common form related to Geden. (2) Several Geden existed already in middle Kamakura-era. Then the room under the floor was called Geden or Shitadono, and was used to shut oneself up for praying the Gods of Shinto and Buddhism. (3) This architectural construction is the most particular and considerable expression of Shimbutsushugo (the thought connecting Shinto with Buddhism) in Japan.
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YOSHIHIRO MASUDA, FUMINORI TOMOSAWA, YOSHIMARO YAJIMA
Article type: Article
1982 Volume 317 Pages
155-163
Published: July 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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In this paper (Part 2), the variation of concrete qualities between the types of element and between stories are investigated. The main results are as follows. 1) The variation of compressive strength of concrete between the types of elements is 25kg/cm^2 at most. 2) Compressive strength increases at a rate of about 13kg/cm^2 per 1 meter depth of placing concrete in the column and in the wall. But the variation of concrete strength at the points of the same depth in the same element is about 40kg/cm^2 and that value is very large in comparison with the variation by the depth. 3) The variation of concrete qualities in existing reinforced concrete building is most influenced by the variation of original concrete qualities placed in the structure. 4) In the middle and small size reinforced concrete building, the within story variation of compressive strength of concrete in structure by core specimens is analogical to the within day variation of 28 days compressive strength by field water cured specimens and the between stories variation is analogical to the between day variation. The within story variation is 1.8 times as large as the within day variation, but the between stories variation is nearly equal to the between day variation.
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Article type: Appendix
1982 Volume 317 Pages
App2-
Published: July 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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