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Article type: Cover
1981 Volume 308 Pages
Cover1-
Published: October 31, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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Article type: Cover
1981 Volume 308 Pages
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Published: October 31, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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Article type: Index
1981 Volume 308 Pages
Toc1-
Published: October 31, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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Article type: Appendix
1981 Volume 308 Pages
App1-
Published: October 31, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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Jun Sakamoto
Article type: Article
1981 Volume 308 Pages
1-13
Published: October 31, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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KENICHI OHI, HISASHI TANAKA, KOICHI TAKANASHI
Article type: Article
1981 Volume 308 Pages
14-23
Published: October 31, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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Ordinary types of column bases, which are usually encountered in small steel buildings, consist of anchor bolts embeded in a concrete footing and a base plate not covered by reinforced concrete. This paper deals with theoretical estimation of the ultimate strength for these types of column bases. In this paper the tensile strength of anchor bolts and the flexural strength of a base plate are chosen for the parameters governing the column base strength. The column base subjected to a bending moment and an axial force is substituted by a simple mechanical model. Then a rational solution for the interaction surface of flexural and axial resistances in the column base is presented through the upper and lower bound theorems in the limit analysis. The solution is compared with the maximum strength observed in past experimental results, and proved to provide satisfactory predictions. 1) Research Associate, Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo 2) Professor, Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo
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KANSHI MASUDA, KAZUHIDE KUTANI, KENJI SAIKI
Article type: Article
1981 Volume 308 Pages
24-34
Published: October 31, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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In order to clarify the mechanism of stress transfer developed through the connection in steel column bases, this paper reports an experimental study on the relation between load and strain, and the stress distribution characteristics in column base connections based on the experimental data which was already presented in the previous paper (Part 2). The main results derived from the analysis on these experiments are as following : (1) From the strain distribution characteristics of the mortar footing, it is confirmed that the reaction distribution and available area compressed on the surface of mortar footing are influenced predominantly by the change of thickness of the base plate. (2) In the bending stress for the cantilever part of base plate, the calculated values of the analysis and institute are in accordances approximately with the experimental results in the tension side. In the compression side, the calculated values of the analysis and institute are in good accordances with the experimental results in the case of a thick base plate, but in case that the base plate come to be thin, the calculated values of the institute are overestimated in comparison with the experimental results. (3) On the tensile reaction produced to the anchor bolts, the correspondence of the experimental results to the analytical results is good nearly, but in case that the base plate come to be extremely thin and the eccentricity come to be large, the calculated values of the institute are underestimated in comparison with the experimental results.
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TAKESHI OSHIRO, YASUNORI ARIZUMI
Article type: Article
1981 Volume 308 Pages
35-46
Published: October 31, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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The techniques of discrete field mechanics are used in conjunction with energy method to obtain an exact mathematical model to represent a latticed shell subjected a flexure and corresponding solutions. The method developed is considered as a kind of micro approach and its usefulness has proven especially effective for the analysis of latticed shells with general types of boundary supports, such as free or ribbed polygonal edges. The immediate results are; (a) The mathematical model which can be used for the linear analysis of latticed structures (b) A clear statement of the natural boundary conditions associated with each system (c) Closed form solutions to the total model described by the steps (a) and (b) A further development of the method enables one to obtain with relative ease closed from solutions to structures which were not amenable by conventional method because of the complexity of the boundary conditions. Such solutions are valid over the entire structure and are independent of the size of the system. The technique is applied to the solutions of circular cylindrical latticed shells with ribbed polygonal edge beams, where rigidities of the beams can take arbitrary values. Each solution presented in this paper has been investigated numerically and compared with results obtained by open form method. The comparison shows significant accuracy and great reliability of the technique proposed here.
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YUTAKA MATSUSHIMA
Article type: Article
1981 Volume 308 Pages
47-52
Published: October 31, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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The random response of two-degree-of freedom systems having bilinear hysteretic restoring force characteristics, when subjected to stationary white noises, has been investigated by theoretical approach together with digital simulation. Special attention has been paid to the distribution of plastic energy absorbed in each story. The energy of the lower story normalized by the total energy, ε_1, depends on mass ratio μ, stiffness ratio κ, plastic stiffness ratio γ_i, strength ratio β and on nondimensional input intensity ξ. In this paper, however, μ is kept constant as unity, and in most cases, γ_i and ξ are fixed on 0.1. Therfore main variable parameters are κ and β. The relation between ε_1 and β has been numerically evaluated with the wide range of κ. It has been found that β, in particular, produces a strong effect on ε_1. Especially when ν, which is defined as the ratio between nondimensional accumulated plastic deformations, is close to unity, ε_1 varies to a great extent with the slight change of β. Supposed that the criterion of optimum design under seismic loadings is taken such that ν becomes unity, the high accuracy is required for the evaluation of actual β. The approximate relation between the optimum β and ε_1 or κ has been analytically derived. It has been proved that theoretical expressions obtained have been agreed well with digital estimates.
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TAKUJI KOBORI, TSUYOSHI TACHIKAWA
Article type: Article
1981 Volume 308 Pages
53-62
Published: October 31, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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This paper follows the author's preceeding two papers : dynamic characteristics of a structure with buried foundation (1) and (2). In this paper are considered dynamic interaction characteristics of structures embeded in a perfectly elastic layer medium over a half-space when subjected to horizontal base rock motion. In Sec. 2 is derived the set of governing equation on soil-structures interaction system subjected to base rock motin. In Sec. 3 are derived the analytical expressions of the sway and the rotational spring constants of sub-side soil ground when the basement wall vibrates horizontaly or rotationally by taking account of the adjacent basement one. In Sec. 4 are derived the analytical solutions of the dynamic wave pressure which operates on the basement wall subjected to horizontal base rock motion.
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TADAO MITA, TAKAYASU YAMAGATA, TSUNEHISA TSUGAWA, TOSHIO KOBAYASI, YOS ...
Article type: Article
1981 Volume 308 Pages
63-69
Published: October 31, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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A vibration test of a 180 meter high reinforced concrete stack was conducted by means of human excitation forces at the top, and then by a vibrator at the base mat. The MIK measuring system was applied to obtain resonance curves, resonance periods and mode shapes. The information obtained was investigated from the view point of identifying a vibration system for performing simulation analysis. Based on several findings that the base mat deformations were not so negligible as assumed and that modal damping of the 1st and the 2nd mode were equally small (0.8%), when compared with that of the 3rd mode (more than 20%) where the sway of base mat is predominant, the vibration model used in design analysis was modified so as to simulate the tested behaviors. Frequency dependent patterns of the base mat deformation were calculated using newly proposed analysis method for dynamic soil-structure interaction and compared with the test results which proved to have reasonable agreement.
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KATSUMI KOBAYASHI, SEIJI KOKUSHO, KATSUKI TAKIGUCHI
Article type: Article
1981 Volume 308 Pages
70-81
Published: October 31, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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This is an analytical investigation about bi-axial and uni-axial restoring force characteristics of the same reinforced concrete section. Restoring force-accumulated plastic deformation relation, hysteretic energy absorption capacity and the ductility of the section were compared between the case that the section was under bi-axial curvature history and the case that the same section was under uni-axial curvature history. A lot of cases were analyzed with the various parameters. It was found that bi-axial and uni-axial restoring force characteristics of the same section are strongly affected by axial load and that there is a significant difference on the aseismic performance of the reinforced concrete section between the case that the section is under bi-axial curvature history and the case that the same section is under uni-axial curvature history.
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Kozo Wakiyama, Akio Tatsumi
Article type: Article
1981 Volume 308 Pages
82-93
Published: October 31, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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The high strength bolted joint is one means of connecting structural steel. This method utilizes the high strength of bolts by tightening them high stress and consequently forms rigid joint. Joint strength of the h.s. bolted joint of friction type is determined by taking product of joint member's slip coefficient and bolt clamping force. It has been found that whenever h.s. bolted joint is subjected to heat, there is a reduction of the initial clamping or tension force. The cause of the reduction, however, was not fully explained. In this report, the results of mechanical property tests of the materials used in the relaxation tests of those h.s. bolted joints performed at elevated temperature are reported. These fundamental material properties are used to explain the reduction of initial clamping force in bolts used in h.s. bolted joints subjected to heat. And also the degradation of heat treatment at temperature above the tempering temperature is examined.
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Masanori SHUKUYA, Kenichi KIMURA
Article type: Article
1981 Volume 308 Pages
94-102
Published: October 31, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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JOJI ABE
Article type: Article
1981 Volume 308 Pages
103-109
Published: October 31, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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In consideration of the minimum expected level of sunshine, which was set in the previous paper (Part I), this paper investigates site planning of detached houses. At first, several different types of houses were selected. Then areas of sites, which were needed to satisfy the expected sunshine levels, were calculated according to several various conditions i.e. : degrees of latitude of 32 degrees, 35 degrees and 38 degrees, respectively, a turning angle of 0, 10, 20 and 30 degrees from south, two kinds of street layouts (south-north and east-west), with and without garages. It was not found that one house type is always better than others. As conditions vary, the most favorable house type changes. Accordingly, during the planning of detached houses, we must take various conditions into account in order to produce good housing, with optimum solar conditions.
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KOHSEI OKADA, KATSUYUKI YOSHIDA, SHIROH KASHIHARA, MASANORI TSUJI, KAT ...
Article type: Article
1981 Volume 308 Pages
110-119
Published: October 31, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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This is the second paper of a continual study titled above. In this study, a practical simulation method was employed for presumption of human injury in case of fire cause by a strong earthquake. On the assumption that an earthquake happens in Osaka, process of fire spreading and behavior of evacuees were simultaneously simulated by computer. As the result, it was revealed that there were structural weakness such as a large amount of wooden houses, inflammable objects, narrow roads, shortage of open spaces for evacuees and so forth. And it was forecasted that a lot of people shall die of fire. Then, effectiveness of countermeasures which were effective to protect fire spreading and to help evacuation were examined by the simulator. In result, some effective measures were found.
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MUNEYUKI OKUDA
Article type: Article
1981 Volume 308 Pages
120-131
Published: October 31, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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Lately it is said that the technical invation is retarded, but progress of the research and development (R & D) is expected so as to solve many difficult problems. So the purpose of this paper is to clarify the trends of the research activities in the construction and the peculiarity of it in comparison with the other industries. The main process of the analysis is (1) establishing the indexes to indicate the research activities, (2) grasping the transition of each index, (3) analyzing the difference in capital classes, (4) considering by the plural indexes, the complex indexes and the patern of the research activities. Resources which are invested in research activities are made up of the expenditure on R & D and researchers. About the expenditure the following are refered. (1) Percentage of accompanying R & D expenditure, (3) Intramural R & D expenditure as a percent to net sales, (4) Intramural R & D expenditure by type of cost, (5) Intramural R & D expenditure by type of activity, (6) Intramural R & D expenditure by product field. About the researchers the following are refered. (1) Number of regular researchers, (2) Number of persons engaged in R & D, (3) Number of regular researchers per 1000 persons employed by industry, (4) Regular researchers by field of science. About the plural indexes the following are considered. (1) Intramural R & D expenditure per regular researcher, (2) Concentration of R & D resources, (3) Intensity of R & D activities, (4) The patern of R & D activities.
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KENGO OSABE
Article type: Article
1981 Volume 308 Pages
132-139
Published: October 31, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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In the historical transition of architecture, as we regard it as a cultural phenomenon, we cannot forget the role that re-creation has played in it. Creativity, which is one of the most important factors of the substance of architecture, will be more clearly and thoroughly understood if we try to understand it not only with theory of creation but with theory of re-creation that exists in the process that a creation is experienced, aesthetically accepted and then led to another new creation. The basis of the idea of re-creation is in recognizing re-creation as a frame of aesthetic acceptance of an object. On this basis there are various developments of ideas. We may apply the theory of re-creation thus developed in many ways, for example, in the meaning of the joint construction of a building, in the relations of a client, a designer and a constructor, in problems of the creativity of a user in using a building or in problems of the maintenance and conservation of a building. This report is a basic study of aesthetic acceptance which is the basis of re-creation, and of re-creation as reappearance of originality that follows such aesthetic acceptance.
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TAKASHI KITANO
Article type: Article
1981 Volume 308 Pages
140-144
Published: October 31, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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It has been supposed that Uto Turret was removed from Uto to the Kumamoto Castle. But it is only a hypothesis. This study aims to clarify this assumption is not True, by the old literary documents. The Uto Turret was originally built by order of the feudal-lord Kiyomasa Kato in the Kumamoto Castle about A.D. 1602, not transferred from Uto. The name of Uto Turret was derived from the offices which installed in it and arround it. In these offices, Kato's feudal government controlled the vassals of ex-feudal-lord Yukinaga Konishi.
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KOZO IKE
Article type: Article
1981 Volume 308 Pages
145-154
Published: October 31, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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This study is based mainly on the ancient documents of Imperial Household Shinto, and Chinese Classics such as Li-Chi. The most significant ritual for the enthronement of the emperor is Dai-Jo Sai. And the main stage of this event, Daijo Kyu, is a temporary sacred place set in a kind of time and space that is different from that of the ordinary world. Each of the two central pavilions placed in the sacred place is Yuki (or Suki) Shoden. The Shoden is formed of the two rooms named Shitsu and Do. These architectural structures are looked on as proper to Japan. This paper is a study about the form and the function of these two rooms as compared with the systems of ancestral temples in ancient China. In conclusion, it may be said that we can find some Chinese influences on the structures of the Shoden.
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HAJIME OBATA
Article type: Article
1981 Volume 308 Pages
155-164
Published: October 31, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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Der 1907 in Munchen gegrundete Deutsche Werkbund ist eine der bedeutensten Organisationen des deutschen Kunstgewerbes. Vor dem I. Weltkrieg spielte in ihm als Theoretiker besonders Hermann Muthesius (1861〜1927) eine groβe Rolle. Seine 1907 gehaltener kritischer Vortrag, der zum sogenannten "Fall Muthesius" fuhrte, forderte entscheidend die Grundung des Werkbundes, und seine "Typisierungs-Idee" entfachte 1914 auf der Kolner Jahresversammlung eine heftige Diskussion. Um die Aktivitat des Werkbundes bis 1914 durch die Vortrage von Muthesius verstandlich zu machen, gliederte sich der Aufsatz in folgende Artikel (Der VIII. Artikel ist um das Wirken von H. Muthesius als Architekt erganzt) : I. Einleitung II. Zur Grundung des Deutscher Werkbundes III. Die Grundung des Deutscher Werkbundes und die Zeit danach IV. H. Muthesius-vom "Typ" zum "Neuen Stil"- V. Die "Typisierung"-Diskussion auf der Kolner Jahresversammlung 1914 VI. Die Werkbundausstellung in Koln VII. Schluβ VIII. Erganzung -der "Architekt" H. Muthesius-
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Morihisa Fujimoto, Fukujiro Furumura, Takeo Ave
Article type: Article
1981 Volume 308 Pages
165-174
Published: October 31, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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