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Article type: Cover
1976 Volume 245 Pages
Cover1-
Published: July 30, 1976
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Article type: Cover
1976 Volume 245 Pages
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Published: July 30, 1976
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Article type: Appendix
1976 Volume 245 Pages
App1-
Published: July 30, 1976
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Article type: Index
1976 Volume 245 Pages
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Published: July 30, 1976
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Article type: Appendix
1976 Volume 245 Pages
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Published: July 30, 1976
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Tatsuo OKAJIMA, Isamu TANAHASHI, Tamotsu YASUDA, Yuji TAKEDA
Article type: Article
1976 Volume 245 Pages
1-7
Published: July 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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The object of this paper is to clarify the relation of the tactile warmth of building materials to the physical one at room temperature. The tactile warmth values of fifteen materials were determined by the paired comparison method. The physical warmth values were determined from the quantities of heat transfer per unit area and per unit time from a man to the building materials, instead of thermal conductivities. These values can correspond to wide varieties of the materials with different thickness and also with diffent constructions. To satisfy the purpose, A WARMTH TESTER has been developed. A good estimation of tactile warmth can be obtained from the physical one by using the eqation below : Z_j=-3.68log Q-6.26 where Z_j : Tactile warmth value Q : Physical warmth value
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MAKOTO YOSHIOKA, HIDENORI ONO, KIYOSHI KAWAMURA, YASUHIRO MYOGAHARA
Article type: Article
1976 Volume 245 Pages
9-15
Published: July 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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The purpose of this paper is to scale the sense on Hardness of a building floor by sensory test. The scaling method is scheffe's paired comparison method, and panels are 35 men and samples are 9 model floors. We could obtain the scale of the sense on Hardness of a building floor. Result of the scaling is showed in tables.
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HIDEO KAWAKAMI
Article type: Article
1976 Volume 245 Pages
17-23
Published: July 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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This paper reports the results of the experimental investigation on the mechanical behavior of wooden beam joints. Two types of Japanese traditional joint and a new type of joint were tested under the application of bending, shearing and tensile load respectively. A traditional joints, named Okkake-daisen, showed superior behavior than others in tension as well as in bending. Another traditional one, Koshikake-kama, is rather better against shearing force but weeker in tension and in bending. The new joint proved itself the best in mechanical behavior against shearing force and next to Okkake-daisen under bending load and tensile load.
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NAOTSUNE TAGA, YUTAKA TOGASHI
Article type: Article
1976 Volume 245 Pages
25-36
Published: July 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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Soils of which the ground is composed, have been idealized as monophase medium such as elastic, elastoplastic or viscoelastic one, but in reality, they have microscopic structure which consists of solid particle skeleton and fluid saturated in voids. In order to pursue dynamic properties of such a ground that has multiphase structures, it is indispensable to describe real soil structures in detail. Here in this paper, fluid saturated soil layers are analysed as being composed of two-phase mediaelastic solids and water as fluidand then the effect of water in soil on the vibrational mechanisum of the ground is discussed, by computing frequency responses, free vibrations and wave propagation problems of that system. The method of analysis of wave propagation theory of two-phase media in multi-layered system is developed, and simultaneously finite element method in composite material is used comparing with it. Applying to BIOT's constitutive equation for fluid saturated elastic solid, the dispersion relation for composite structures in dynamic case is used as the constitutive relation when frequency response is analysed. A single two-phase soil layer on impermeable base rock is analysed, and numerical experiments are carried out. Results obtained are summarized as follows (1) The effect of water existance in soil layers ground is revealed to damping action in frequency response by interaction of solid fluid mixtures. (2) Proposed method of analysis for two medium structure is compared with finite element analysis. Correspondence is fairly good and it is understood in valid for the analysis of composite soil ground.
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TAKUJI KOBORI, TSUYOSHI TACHIKAWA
Article type: Article
1976 Volume 245 Pages
37-44
Published: July 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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In this paper, the authors present some results different from the former works in a certain parameter range by investigating the numerical results about the analytical solutions of dynamical ground compliance derived in the preceding paper. The out line will be described in the following items below : 1. The interaction effect of the pore water gradually decreases with the higher permeability of the aggregate body, and so the behaviors of the aggregate one tend to nearly those of the perfectly elastic one. 2. When it's permeability is low and the excitation frequency is to some extent high, the behaviors of the aggregate one are nearly those of the Voigt-type viscoelastic one. 3. However, even in the preceding item 2, the real part of dynamical ground compliance in low frequency range has a tendency to be basically different from that of the former works. It's tendency can theoretically be explained with the average stresses in the porous elastic solid and the pore water at the loading area. 4. There are some permeability ranges which are unable to be qualitatively explained by behaviors of both the perfectly elastic and Voigt-type viscoelastic body simulated by using the characteristics of the body waves traveling in the aggregate body. 5. The value of imagenary part of dynamical ground compliance, corresponding to radiation energy through a sub-soil ground, is large in high permeability range, on the other hand, it becomes small in low permeability range, because the relative particle velocities between the porous elastic body and the pore water decrease in this range.
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MINORU MAKINO, AKIO KAWANO
Article type: Article
1976 Volume 245 Pages
45-51
Published: July 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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The nonlinear stiffness matrix for a beam element is formulated including of shear deflection from the modified buckling equation which has been used by Bleich and others. As a bi-product of the finite displacement analysis the geometric stiffness matrix in the eigenvalue equations for structural stability is also discussed with the variational approach. Some results are : 1) Usual teqnique for the geometric stiffness matrix assuming a displacement function of cubic polynomials is not satisfactory. 2) Second term of Taylor expansion of nonlinear stiffness matrix with respect to the axial force existing in the member is satisfactory for the geometric stiffness matrix. 3) Numerical values calculated by the proposed procedure are well in agreement with experimental data.
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KAZUMA KAWANO
Article type: Article
1976 Volume 245 Pages
53-61
Published: July 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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An analytical solution of the bottom annular plate is presented in order to analyze the stresses in the vicinity of shell-to-bottom joint of a cylindrical steel tank with a symmetrical or an asymmetrical load on it. The analytical solution of the bottom annular plate is obtained from the solution of a circular plate on an elastic foundation, using asymptotic expressions of Kelvin functions for larger values of the arguments and the distance from outer edge of the plate x instead of the radius r, assuming x/r_0<<1, where r_0 is the outer radius of the plate, since the vicinity of shell-to-bottom joint is considered. Futher simplification is led by elinimating the terms which have the outer radii in their denominators and it is concluded the simplified solution is identical to the analytical solution of the beam on the elastic foundation in the case of a symmetrical load. The accuracies of the presented solutions are studied numerically and a calculation method of the bending stress in the annular plate at shell-to-bottom joint due to hydrostatic pressure is proposed.
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MORIHISA FUJIMOTO, NOBUHIRO SATOH, NOBUKADO MATSUTSUKA
Article type: Article
1976 Volume 245 Pages
63-74
Published: July 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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This is the basic research for the study of characteristics of the brittle fracture of beam-to-column connections in steel structures. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of the thickness of the column flange on the strain concentration of beam-to-column connections. Test specimens were small-scale ones, and they were manufactured by machineworks from the rolled steel plate (thickness 65mm, SS41). The specimens are made so as to represent the part of the tensile beam flange, and they had no stiffener. 13 Test specimens were put to a test. 10 of them were H-TYPE (a column cross section was H-shape) and 3 of them were B-TYPE (a column cross section was box-shape). The monotonously increasing load was placed on the end of the beam flange. Strain and displacement in the plastic region of the beam flange were calculated by MOIRE analysis. Summary of the results are shown below. (1) Yielding patterns of the beam flange are classified into 4 types corresponding to the thickness of the column flange and the shape of the column cross section. (2) The elasto-plastic behaviour of beam-to-column connections are influenced considerably by the ratio of the full plastic axial load of the beam flange to the load which generates the nonelastic out of plane deflection of the column flange. (3) In regard to the H-TYPE, the axial elasto-plastic strain distribution of the beam flange near the joint to the column flange is usualy in the convex state. If the column has the thick flanges, in elastic range the distribution is in the convex state and in plastic range it is in the concave state. This phenomenon is called the reversal of the strain concentration. (4) The criterion for the occurence of the reversal of the strain concentration is presented. Its results are in approximate agreement with experiment.
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MORIHISA FUJIMOTO, HISASHI OKADA
Article type: Article
1976 Volume 245 Pages
75-80
Published: July 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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The description of the simple method of three dimensional elasto-plastic analisis consists of following seven chapters and "conclusion". §1. Assumptions §2. Approximate Solutions of Simultaneous Differrential Equations of Eqilibrium §3. Non-Linear Three Dimensional Elastic Slope Deflection Equations §4. Three Dimensiomal Elasto-Plastic Slope Diflection Equations §5. Moment-Curvature Relationships and the Values of Variable Coefficients §6. Analysis Procedure for Frames §7. Comparision with Experimental Results This paper refers to §1, §2 and §3, and the others are described in the next paper. In §2, the discretizaion was made for non-linear simultaneous differerential equations of eqilibrium of the member under three dimensional loading, which is difficult to solve analytically. And as a result, these approximate general solutions were obtained. In §3, the three dimensional slope deflection equations were derived from these general solutions, which is the steps to analize three dimensional elasto-plastic behaviour of steel structures.
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YASUO NISHI, TAKEO KOZIMA, HIROSHI NAKAMURA, SYUNTARO HIGA, MASATO OKI ...
Article type: Article
1976 Volume 245 Pages
81-90
Published: July 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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In former issues of the transactions of A.I.J., the authors of this paper reported their studies on the shapes of the reflecting mirrors which are able to give images in equi-solid angle projection form and in some other forms. They made out two trial apparatuses of equi-solid angle projection type with a concave reflecting mirror and a convex one and made test photographing. The authors examined the pictures got and reached the conclusion that their trial apparatuses are both sufficient for practical purposes.
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MITSUZO RYUTANI, KIYOSI SEIKE, AKIRA HOYANO
Article type: Article
1976 Volume 245 Pages
91-100
Published: July 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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As one of the series of basic study on "Terikaeshi", the purpose of this present paper is to measure air temperature near ground surface. A simple device for measuring air temperature was designed and the investigation was made. The ditector part of this device consisted of a thermocouple and two shelter plates. For preventing the detector part from ambient radiation and keeping the temperature distribution of the measured object unchanged, the measurement was made by revolving the detector part in the horizontal plane at the desired altitude. The investigation of the device was carried out and it was shown that even in the worst conditions i.e., a clear, sunny, calm day air temperature can be measured in very high precision. The contents of this present thesis consist of the following main parts : 1. Problem of the previous thermocouple using methods for measuring air temperature. 2. Basic investigation for making the device. (2.a) Errors due to conductive heat transfer from the thermocouple wires to the detector part. (2.b) The size of the detector part. (2.c) Shelter effect in the case of a single shelter plate. 3. Main investigations of the making of the device. (3.a) Temperature increase in shelter plate due to radiation and its effect on the detecter part. (3.b) Experimental investigation of the device. (3.c) Investigation of the temperature distribution variation of measured object during the measurement. 4. Results of field tests and discussion in comparing with other air temperature measuring methods.
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TOSHIO OJIMA, MASAKAZU MORIYAMA
Article type: Article
1976 Volume 245 Pages
101-112
Published: July 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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The purpose of this reseach is that we study the relation between the land use and the earth surface heat budget, and apply it usefully to the regional environmental assessment. In this paper, as PART 1, we described about the observations of the earth surface temperature in summer. The relation between the land use and the surface temperature, was analyzed. 1) The distribution of the surface temperatures in the inside of the city was observed by IR-radiometer and IR-TV (AGA Thermovision 680) at the center of Tokyo on August 29-31, 1972. Consequently, the highest surface temperatures were seen near the engine of cars and the center line of the road during the daytime in the street. And in this time, the high level road was lower than the ground road. 2) The earth surface temperatures were observed 5 times in 2 days and 5 areas in Tokyo and vicinity by IR-Airborne Line Scanner (4.5〜5.5 micron Daedulus Airborne Line Scanner) on September 2〜3, 1973. At the same time, the ground truth was done at 2 areas by IR-radiometer (Barnes PRT-5, etc.). The diurnal variation, the daily range and the degree of falling of the surface temperatures were analyzed for various land uses. Consequently, the roofing tiles (Kawara roofs), concrete roofs and roads were highest in the surface temperature in the daytime. Inversely, rivers, ponds, and greens were lowest. In the evening and dawn, roads were higher than the other land uses for the heat storage of the daytime. In this time, grasses were low, but forests did not fall comparatively in the surface temperature. On the other hand, the roofing tiles falled rapidly toward evening, the concrete roofs did not fall than roofing tiles for its large heat capacity.
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TAKESHI SEKINE, KENICHI UNNO
Article type: Article
1976 Volume 245 Pages
113-122
Published: July 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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The purpose of this study is to investigate the behavior of airflow in urban area and to obtain some information on the points mentioned below. 1) Calculation of natural ventilation. 2) Precise estimation of heat road for building air conditioning. 3) Protection against air pollution due to gas emission from auto-mobiles and buildings. 4) Prevension of public nuisance due to strong wind around tall buildings. For the purpose, several wind tunnel experiment were made. At first, we arranged many city-block models regularly in the wind tunnel and measured wind velocity, momentum flux, mixing length and so on. As a result, following remarks may be made. 1) Wind profiles above the streets to which wind direction is at right angles are nearly conform to the log-low in upper part (Z≧Z_0), but above the streets with which wind direction is in parallel, those are not necessarily conform to log-low. 2) The pattern of vertical distribution of friction velocity u_* is that in lower part (Z≦Z_0) the value of u_* is small, but in upper part u_* increases and becomes constant (u_*≃0.2). [cf. Fig.35, 36] 3) Mixing lengths increase in proportion to height (Z) in upper part (Z≧Z_0), but near the limit of boundary layer, they decrease to zero. [cf. Fig.37, 38] and so on.
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YOSHIO INOUE
Article type: Article
1976 Volume 245 Pages
123-133
Published: July 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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While many studies of the design of supply duct systems have been conducted, return duct systems seem to be the neglected stepchild whom no one cares about. Because of this lack of attention on the return duct systems, the design air-flow rate may not be attained and the performance of the entire system may be unsatisfactory. The author attempts to evaluate the branch-to-main loss coefficient in case of the 90 degree rectangular batt junction of return air duct systemes. By utilizing the law of conservation of momentum and the Bernouli's equation which are applied to the stream in the mainduct with batt junction, the new theoretical equation is obtained as follows; [numerical formula] where §_b : branch-to-main loss coefficient V_u : main velocity downstream of the junction V_b : branch velocity M : ratio of cross-sectional area of main to that of branch A, K : correction factor s : deviating angle of branch flow at entrance of main duct n : constant This equation has been based on Lavin-Taliev's and Ito's theoretical equations. However, it has been improved to be applicable to the rectangular duct junction with great aspect ratio by introducing n valus. If n and Ksinε are used as proper estimated valus, the fairly exact valus of the coefficient can be obtained from the equation. This facts have been confirmed by several experimental results the author had obtained.
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MITSUGU KAWAKAMI
Article type: Article
1976 Volume 245 Pages
135-142
Published: July 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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This article is a second study on a history for carpenter's party 'Kichizaemon party' in Settsu country. I will explain a special event that occured in 'Kichizaemon party' at July 1709 A.D., This event have developed to dismiss a party's head and to the end of the dominion by Ueda families for long times. It followed to break-up 'Kichizaemon party' and to reorganization into the new parties that are composed of the five parties in Settsu country. A meaning of this events is very impotant. Because some regional circles protested agaist a double dominion of a party's head and Nakai family.
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1976 Volume 245 Pages
143-145
Published: July 30, 1976
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1976 Volume 245 Pages
145-
Published: July 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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