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Article type: Cover
1983 Volume 331 Pages
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Published: September 30, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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Article type: Cover
1983 Volume 331 Pages
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Published: September 30, 1983
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Article type: Index
1983 Volume 331 Pages
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Published: September 30, 1983
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Article type: Index
1983 Volume 331 Pages
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Published: September 30, 1983
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TOSHITSUGU SAKA, KOICHIRO HEKI
Article type: Article
1983 Volume 331 Pages
1-9
Published: September 30, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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The buckling behaviour of space trusses is investigated by model tests. The trusses are regular octahedral and beam-like space structures. The models are composed of the tubular members, ball joints and connecting bolts. Elastic buckling loads for them are estimated by using the slope-deflection method, where the influence of the instability caused by axial forces is considered. In this method, it is assumed that the member consists of a uniform middle part, rotational springs and infinitely rigid end regions. Main conclusions are as follows. The elastic buckling loads for the space trusses can be estimated by the presented analytical method. Because the theoretical analyses furnished a close correlation with experimental values. And the variation of the buckling loads corresponding to that of the rotational restraints at the joints is fairly small. It is experimentally shown that the buckling loads and the post-buckling behaviour of space trusses as a whole vary according to the effects initial deflections and slenderness ratios of members.
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KOHJI SUMINO, KAZUO MITSUI
Article type: Article
1983 Volume 331 Pages
10-17
Published: September 30, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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A number of investigations concerning elastic stability of shell type structures subjected to quasi-stasic conservative forces or time depending dynamic forces. However there have been no study for the behavior of them under the action of quasi-static nonconservative forces. In this paper the authors show an analytical study of stability for clamped spherical shells subjected to combined load composed of quasi-static uniform hydropressure (conservative force) and a frictional force (nonconservative tangential follower force). Similar loading conditions, for example, can be realized when an object is moving fast under deep soil or liquid. And it is found that dynamic instabilities take place at some equilibrium states. These tendencies are remarkable in the cases of moderatly deep shells. The authors consider such phenomena will be of interest and important from the view point of structural engineering.
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MAKOTO MATSUURA, HARUYUKI YAMAMOTO
Article type: Article
1983 Volume 331 Pages
18-26
Published: September 30, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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By the raft's stiffness, it may be expected that the structure with raft foundation has the considerably effect of suppression to differential settlements. In fact, random shaped differential settlements are occurless in case of the structure with raft foundation. And remarkable troubles due to differential settlements can not be seen judging from observations, the addtional stress (a kind of stress caused by differential settlements) may be reduced larger than that of structures with individual footings. Adapting these states, this paper conducts the fundamental analysis and discussion for the stress of raft and structure on the raft foundation when the structure with raft foundation settles differentially, considering the raft foundation is mighty resistive member to differential settlements.
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SHIGERU MOCHIZUKI
Article type: Article
1983 Volume 331 Pages
27-37
Published: September 30, 1983
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It is the primary object of this paper to get data to establish the hysteresis model of restoring force characteristics of reinforced concrete walls under pure shear force. Experiments of sixteen mortar walls composing of eight types in panel reinforcing, column load and side ratio of wall were made under pure repeated shear force by simultaneous loading of diagonal tension and compression. Decrease in shear rigidity after cracking, toughness after maximum strengh, characteristics of hysteresis loop etc. of walls under pure shear force were discussed comparing with ones of walls under combination of bending moment and shear force.
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AKIRA HOYANO, YOSHIMI URANO, KENICHI ODA, NORISHIGE HAMAGUCHI
Article type: Article
1983 Volume 331 Pages
38-44
Published: September 30, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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This paper discusses some of the problems involved in evaluating seasonal thermal environment in various kinds of residential areas, and also compares the thermal environment with land coverage of these areas. Average surface temperature and average spectral reflectances scanner imagery. The data used in the analysis have been gathered four times (at noon and in the early morning on clear days in summer and in winter) with an aircraft multispectral scanner at an altitude of approximately 3000 ft in Tokyo. Results of this analysis are as follows; 1) Comparison of the surface temperature in each residential area in winter with that in summer shows an agreement in their tendencies. 2) The spectral reflectances in winter are lower than those in summer. 3) Regarding the surface temperature, it is correlative with the ratio of building coverage to lot or that of pavement to lot in the early morning, while with that of wooden buildings to lot at noon. 4) Visible and near infrared bands are not correlative with land coverage.
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KIYOKO KAMADA, YOSHIRO KHO
Article type: Article
1983 Volume 331 Pages
45-53
Published: September 30, 1983
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Recent increase of the body size of Japanese young men, especially the height, is very remarkable. And we have to think better of the size of building element for dwelling houses. The purpose of this study is to clarify the necessary clearance to walk through the openings and the comfort of the human from a standpoint of ergonomics by carrying out a full scale experiment. The combination of the measured clearance, which is able to behave comfortably, and statistical height of human body, which is expressed with suitable percentile, is necessary and important for deciding the effective height of entrance and door case.
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KOICHIRO OKAMURA
Article type: Article
1983 Volume 331 Pages
54-63
Published: September 30, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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This paper shows the simulation model to explain and estimate the efficiency of office space, and the fact that the efficiency is mainly decided by the organization system of office spaces, organization system of staffs and its annual change. The concept of this study and outline of this model have been published in "study on the flexibility in the office space" by Koichiro Okamura and Motohiro Yano, Trans. of A.I.J. No.297, Nov. 1980 Based on this report, here the further developed model is applied to simulate three prefectural offices in Kumamoto, Oita and Kagoshima in Japan.
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YOSHIO TAKESHIMA
Article type: Article
1983 Volume 331 Pages
64-72
Published: September 30, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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Aim of this study is to search problems of assembly facilities. This report, especially, analyses the utility circle in each function of facilities of each level. The conclution are follows; 1. The utility circle varies with the functions, so, in the planning of arrangement of facilities, to consider utility circle separately by functions is more rational. 2. Participation in lectures; Facilities of upper level and lower level interact one another according to distance. 3. Use of rental-room; The selection of facilities of each level relate to the extent of each group. However, facilities of middle level are useful for small extent groups.
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KENJI MITSUYOSHI, SATOSHI HAGISHIMA, TATSUYUKI SUGAHARA, SHIGEYUKI KUR ...
Article type: Article
1983 Volume 331 Pages
73-83
Published: September 30, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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In this paper it is intended to review how the residents evaluate for new buildings, if these are constructed at the neighboring block. And it is discussed how height, using and volume of new building influence upon the evaluation of inhabitants. The results are as follows : 1) When new building is constructed at the surroundings, 'height' of building is the most important factor for them. 2) The more highly the new building is constructed and the nearer the new building is located in the site of their housing, the more negative the evaluation of residents is. 3) There is a large gap of the residents' evaluation between 4 and 5 story. For new building of 4 story and below, inhabitants don't mind, but new building of 5 story and over hurts their feelings.
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HIROSHI AIZAWA
Article type: Article
1983 Volume 331 Pages
84-93
Published: September 30, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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(Geneal reserch center for Rural Iife) The objective of this study is to construct models for environmental evaluation based on resident' awareness of their living environment and their demands for its improvement. 72 indexes were used and were identified in the following way. First, three conceptual frameworks were set : Resident-Mature', 'Resident-Facility' and 'Resident-Community'. Then three other variables were prepared for each framework : 'Basic Necessities', 'Daily Requirements' and 'Culturel Desires'. Indexes were worked out to fit in this matrix Ieading to the identication of 72 in all. The study was conducted in an area with 74 administrative units which were classified into the four categories : 'Mountain-Foothill', 'Plain Rural', 'Suburban' and 'Populaion Mix'. The study was carried out to find the differences between the areas on the environmental evaluation patterns of the residents. The results show that as the area category moves from rural to urbon the residents value more highil 'Nature' and 'Facility' indexes than those related to 'Community'. The following eight area models were obtained. Mountain-Foothill Area Model 1) Densely Inhabited key Area 2) Peri-Key Area 3) Remote Area Plain-Suburban Area Model 4) Plain Rural Area 5) Peri-Densely Inhabited Area 6) Densely Inhabited Area Populaion-Mix Area Model 7) Sprawled Area 8) Housing Estate Area
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HIROSHI AIZAWA
Article type: Article
1983 Volume 331 Pages
94-104
Published: September 30, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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(General reserch center for Rural life) In this study 64000 village communities selected from 23 prefectures were classified by using 74 indicators. The objective was to examine the factors which condition the classified patterns of the village communities. 74 indicators were identified around the following five main themes : agricultural land use, agricultural labour force, form economy, village administration and access to service facilities. A principal component analysis was used to classify the villages and the three main components resulted, which were characterised as follows : First component : vitality in form manegement, amount of formland consolidation Second component : agind in form households and in the foeming population, type of forming Third component : distance from towns, accessibility to service facilities. It is noted that the classification of village is more prescribed by the conditions concerning village locations as the component moves from the first to the third. The main 'conditions' are : the height of villages above sea-level, availability of special area policies such as Agricultural Promotion Projects, Mountain Village Development Projects and Depopulated-Area Aid Projects, and the distance from D.I.D towns.
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Shinichi MOCHIZUKI
Article type: Article
1983 Volume 331 Pages
105-114
Published: September 30, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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TOSHIO ASANO
Article type: Article
1983 Volume 331 Pages
115-122
Published: September 30, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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This paper makes a perspective-analysis of the compositional structure of the Portico, characterized by Sanpaolesi as an 'architettura disegnata' or a painted architecture, rather a full-sized architectural drawing. Principal conclusions of the present study are as follows, [1] The perspective ratio (1 : 1 : 1…) of the structure of the Portico was clarified. The ratio means a mathematical description of the way of disposition or connection at equal distance, more exactly, on a picture plain at a certain distance, of the "element-form", compositional unity or 'standardized form' of the structure in Benevolo's term. [2] The perspective ratio (1 : 1 : 1…) is a quantitative-non-variation rule in the disposition of the "element-form"; the ratio (1 : 1/2 : 1/3…), clarified in a previous analysis of the structure of the Old Sacristy of San Lorenzo, is its quantitative-variation rule, which means a way of its disposition in depth. [3] This set of perspective ratios and a priori determined "element-form" constitute the system of Brunelleschi's design method, which derived all from the famous study on the San Giovanni Baptistery perspective panel prosecuted and demonstrated by this architect to the Florentine citizens in supposedly the years of his designing the Portico and the Old Sacristy.
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HIROYUKI NIWA
Article type: Article
1983 Volume 331 Pages
123-129
Published: September 30, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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This paper is the study on the disposition of the compound and architecture, in the middle ages, Fujimonryu temple in the Nichiren sect through the old records and others. From this study, 1) any building in the middle ages was found by records (Taisekiji Temple, Kitayama-Honmonji Temle and others), 2) disposition of the compoud and architecture were shoun by two pieces of old arrangement plans, and 3) rules of disposition of the compound and architecture were thrown ligth on by records and old arrangement plans, were obtained. Fujimonryu : There was Nikko who was one of the six disciples of Nichiren's. His sect was called "Fujimonryu" or "Fuji-Group".
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TOHRU HATSUDA
Article type: Article
1983 Volume 331 Pages
130-138
Published: September 30, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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The objective of this study is to show the historical characters of the Foreign Hotel (Gaikokujin-Ryokan) at Edo that the first architecture in a compromise between Japanese and European styles. A. summary will be given as follows; 1) The Hotel was built in 1868. 2) The master of construction was the Tycoon's government, but British and another Western nations interfered to build the Hotel. 3) The architecture of the Hotel was R.P. Bridgens and constructer was Kisuke Shimizu. 4) The Hotel had a European style, but it had some elements of Japanese architecture. 5) The idea to use the elements of Japanese architecture for the Hotel must be thought by Kisuke Shimizu.
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HIROYASU FUJIOKA
Article type: Article
1983 Volume 331 Pages
139-146
Published: September 30, 1983
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Shizuoka City Hall and Shizuoka Public Hall were designed almost in the same period by the same architectural office. But the design policies shown in the elevations of these two buildings were quite different; the elevation of the City Hall had much classical ornament and the elevation of the Public Hall had little. Moreover, such design policies were spontaneously taken by the architectural office. This shows the coexistence of classicism and rationalism which ought not to coexist. Changing the way of designing the elevation in accordance with the architectural type enabled this coexistence, that is, what architectural type was was very important to the architect when he determined the elevation and rationalism was not thoght to be applied to every architectural type. Such way of thinking could be visible among Japanese architects in the early Showa era and this Shizuoka's case is a good example of it.
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TOSHIO KIMURA, KOICHI YAMADA
Article type: Article
1983 Volume 331 Pages
147-154
Published: September 30, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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It is wellknown that Imperial Mint Osaka was the first factory in Japan having been constructed when Japan first opened its door to foreign countries Meiji Era, and there were various studies made by many scholars about it. The Opening Ceremony of the Mint was held on April in 1871, and at that time, the Coining Factory, the Main Office, the Foreigner Residence and the SENPUKAN, which were principal buildings of the Mint, have been completed. But most of the original buildings of the Mint were pulled down, and now, survivals are only the SENPUKAN and a part of the Coining Factory. The repair works of the SENPUKAN which had been constructed for the guest-house of the Mint were finished in 1964, and repair report was published with careful analyis about one, still it seems to have some unsolved problems. In this report, first we will examine the plan of the SENPUKAN and next will examine the elevation which would be changed according to the plan.
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HIDETO KAWAKAMI, MITSUYOSHI TSUCHIDA
Article type: Article
1983 Volume 331 Pages
155-163
Published: September 30, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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The purpose of this paper is to make clear the process of development of the architectures of churhes in the region of Nagasaki prefecture. I chose three elements for that purpose; the structure of the interior elevation, the structure of the roof (single or double) and the ratio of width of the nave to that of the aisle. It can be concluded that the architectures of churches continued being developed since the early period of Meiji and reached the peak in the half of Taisho era. Thereafter they were varied by the choices of the builders or the architects. I can also realize that the Japanese carpenters rather developed the architectures of churches from simple style to complex one than obtained the european architectural technics under the directions of the missionaries by means of taking the ancient Oura church as a model which had been built earliest in Nagasaki.
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Article type: Appendix
1983 Volume 331 Pages
App1-
Published: September 30, 1983
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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