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Article type: Cover
1976 Volume 243 Pages
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Published: May 30, 1976
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Article type: Cover
1976 Volume 243 Pages
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Published: May 30, 1976
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Article type: Appendix
1976 Volume 243 Pages
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Published: May 30, 1976
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Article type: Index
1976 Volume 243 Pages
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Published: May 30, 1976
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Article type: Appendix
1976 Volume 243 Pages
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Published: May 30, 1976
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HISASHI TOKUTOMI
Article type: Article
1976 Volume 243 Pages
1-9
Published: May 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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"Shirasu" is a local term for volcanic deposits. The allowable unit bearing power of "Shirasu" in natural ground is 10〜20 t/m^2 before this. Loading tests didn't be given on this occation. Supposing that this value is irational, loading tests were carried out on natural "Shirasu". The purpose of this paper is to study the strength and the deformation of "Shirasu". Compressive and shearing strength tests were carried out. The results of the tests are summarized as followings. 1) The results of shearing strength test is shown as followings. τ=0.2+σtan40°(kg/cm^2) The compressive strength is 1.0〜2.0kg/cm^2. The compressive strength of weathered "Shirasu" is under 1.0kg/cm^2. 2) Comparing vertical with horizontal strength of loading tests on the tip of cliff or compressive strength tests, "Shirasu" is a unisotropic materials. 3) The allowable unit bearing power of "Shirasu" which exist generally in natural ground is 30〜35t/m^2 for practical use. However this can't apply to weathered "Shirasu".
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SHIRO KATO, OSAMU MATSUOKA
Article type: Article
1976 Volume 243 Pages
11-20
Published: May 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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A new method for analysis of response of cooling towers due to wind loads is presented based on the finite element method. This method avoids the direct finite element analysis of nonlinear effects and also takes advantage of the important feature that structure response is primarily due to several basic lateral vibration modes, reducing the number of unknowns to a few in contrast to the direct finite element approach. The two in-plane displacements u and v are obtained compatible with the assumed lateral displacement ω composed of free vibration modes and the unknowns, the generalized modal displacements, are determined based on Hamilton's Principle and the governing cquations for the modal displacements are numerically solved by Newmark's β scheme. A cooling tower due to a wind load of step type goes snapped at the upper rim and the dynamic buckling load is just the same as the predicted value from the experiment by Der, T. J. and Filder, R.. In the present case, the critical head at throat, H=113.76m, is 1.068t/m^2 for R/t=159, which corresponds to C=0.058 in Der's experimental formula. The assumed wind composed from Davenport's spectrum for random winds, with an ordinary speed V_<max>=80 m/sec at throat, does not give the cooling tower any nonlinear effect but the dynamic effect of wind increases the dynamic response at throat about 60% larger than that in static response.
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TORU HOSONO
Article type: Article
1976 Volume 243 Pages
21-31
Published: May 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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This is the second of two successive papers. In the previous paper, the nature of first-order incremental solution at buckling point was studied. The purpose of this paper is to propose new numerical method of equilibrium path before and after buckling. The contents are as follows. 1) Introduction 2) Ordinary incremental method 3) Calculation of fundamental path by arc length method 4) Calculation of bifurcate path by arc length method 5) Numerical examples 6) Conclusion The arc length method, which uses the arc length of equilibrium path as an incremental parameter, is originally the numerical method for fundamental path. Now, it is extended for bifurcate analysis. The features of arc length method applied to the bifurcate analysis are, (1) for the purpose of obtaining homogeneous mode {α} (namely, eigen mode with zero eigen value) and paticular mode {β}, we need not calculate the eigen value of [K], but have only to calculate the inverse of [K]. (2) in case of deciding unknow parameter c and p, which are contained in the expression c{α}+p{β}, we calculate them in the Newton-Raphson convergency process, by trial and error. That is to say, by the arc length method, we need not caluclate the second-order incremental equation which is used by the static perturbation method, as well as the eigen value problem. By numerical examples of bifurcate analysis, the arc length method shows good convergency.
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YUTAKA YAMAZAKI
Article type: Article
1976 Volume 243 Pages
33-40
Published: May 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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In Part I, theoretical treatment of earthquake response problems of a structure with non-deterministic variables was discussed, and in Part II and III, the stochastic properties of the non-deterministic variables concerning an earthquake response of a structure, such as the properties of the power spectral density of earthquake ground motions, the dynamic coefficient of subgrade reaction, the damping constant of a structure and so on, were statistically investigated using the observed or measured materials. In this paper, based on the theory of a stocahstic random response of a structure described in Part I and using the actual properties of the non-deterministic variables concerning an earthquake response of a structure prescribed in Part II and III, the numerical analyses of an earthquake response of a structure were carried out. The dynamic behavior of a 3-storied structure is introduced here as one of the numerical analyses. The power spectral density function of the earthquake ground motion used in this analysis has been obtained analyzing statistically the strong ground motion records at Muroran Harbor in Hokkaido in Part II. The coefficients of variations considered in the properties of the earthquake ground motions and the structure are shown in Table 2 and 3. Fig. 6 shows the stochastic distributions of the maximum responses. The coefficient of variations of the maximum displacements are about 0.3〜0.4 and the maximum displacements corresponding to 95% probability are about 1.8 times as much as the mean maximum displacements. This fact shows that the stochastic variation of earthquake responses of a structure is extremely important in case of designing a structure with safety against earthquake ground motions. If the stochastic properties of the non-deterministic variables relating to the problem of earthquake responses of structures can be obtained with sufficient accuracy, the response properties of the structure subjected to earthquake ground motions can be reasonably evaluated by the stochastic theory described in this thesis.
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HIROSHI TAJIMI, YUKIO SHIMOMURA
Article type: Article
1976 Volume 243 Pages
41-51
Published: May 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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This paper describes a computational procedure of the three-dimensional soil-structure interaction analysis, which is based on the semi-analytical finite element method in the cylindrical coordinates. It includes the special case that the Poisson's ratio of soil is equal to 0.5. As a numerical example, an actual large-scale shaking-table foundation is analyzed and the theoretical results are discussed, comparing with the measured results.
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TOSHIRO SUZUKI, MAMORU KIMURA
Article type: Article
1976 Volume 243 Pages
53-62
Published: May 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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The flexural behaviour of simply supported steel beams under eccentric lateral load is investigated. Approximate equations to obtain elastic deformation, yiele load, ultimate load and the deterioration of load carrying capacity after maximum load, are presented. Tests of I-beams and channel beams under eccentric lateral load are carried out to know the adequacy of the above equations. The results from the study are as follows. (1) Presented equations to obtain elastic deformation, calculated under individual force, bending or torsion, give the good estimation. (2) Yield load and plastic load can be calculated, taking only the flange plates into account, by superposing the axial strain due to bending moment about strong axis, and the bending strain due to bending moment about weak axis and warping. (3) Average value of yield load and plastic load gives a practical estimation of the ultimate load carrying capacity. (4) It can be considered that, after maximum load, a plastic hinge is formed due to bi-axial bending and the hinge moves along the interaction curve.
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Architectural Institute of Japan Structural Standards Committee, BUNZO ...
Article type: Article
1976 Volume 243 Pages
63-67
Published: May 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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Architectural Institute of Japan Structural Standards Committee, YOSHI ...
Article type: Article
1976 Volume 243 Pages
67-71
Published: May 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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Architectural Institute of Japan Structural Standards Committee, HIROS ...
Article type: Article
1976 Volume 243 Pages
71-72
Published: May 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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HIROSHI NAKAMURA
Article type: Article
1976 Volume 243 Pages
73-79
Published: May 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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A new system of photographic photometry with "ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTION CAMERA" has been developed for the measurement of luminance and luminance distribution. This method has been made to be simple and practical with adoption of "COLOUR DATA SYSTEM" and ordinary photosensitive materials, and its relative measurement error has been estimated within 10% including that of the luminance meter used in calibration. Many tests and practical measurements have convinced the author that it is very excellent and expected to be widely put into practical use in all the fields of lighting science and engineering.
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MASAJI KANESHIMA, ICHIYA HAYAKAWA
Article type: Article
1976 Volume 243 Pages
81-90
Published: May 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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The diameter of pipes in design of network of District Cooling and Heating (D.C.H.) plant was studied. At first, Hazen-Williams equation for hot and chilled water was apllied. And the constant friction loss method and constant velocity method were studied, but both methods were not available to decide diameters when the diameter of pipe changes in large range. Therefore, the calculation method for optimum pipe diameter to the tree-type network, using the objective function based on the cost of piping network under the speed limit of flow, was studied. Also, this research included the equation to the mesh-type piping network based on the method of Hardy-Cross for hot and chilled water. Consequently the computer programs of these equations were used and the comparison of several piping networks was studied.
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YUTAKA INOUE
Article type: Article
1976 Volume 243 Pages
91-97
Published: May 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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The Matrix Method was developed as a method of estimating population by age and number of people in each household, for a planned housing district. However, in use its accuracy has been very low by reason of an error in the theory. The purpose of this paper is to point out the error as well as to indicate the high degree of accuracy that becomes possible through correction of the error. The Matrix Method is based on the theory of the Markov chain. It is applicable to urban areas where transition probability from one type of household at time t to another type at time t+dt can be assumed so be constant, and where numbers and types of both outgoing households and incoming households which replace them can also be assumed to be constant during time t to time t+dt The error of the theory lies in its failure to consider the change that takes place in incoming households during the time dt. The verification of the rectification of this theory was made by comparing two estimated distributions of household groups, one calculated by the unrectified theory, the other by the rectified theory, with the actual numbers of household types and their distribution. According to the statistical test, the calculated level of significance of the corrected estimate was more than 90% whereas that of the uncorrected estimate was less than 0.01%.
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HIDETOSHI SAITO
Article type: Article
1976 Volume 243 Pages
99-108
Published: May 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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This Paper is one of the series of works which intend to clarify the architectural and historical meaning of Jodan by doing a research of its forming process. This paper should clarify the peculiarities of Tsune-gotens of Kyoto Imperial Palace, built in Momoyama and Edo period. The following facts have been clarified by researching the plan of Tsune-gotens built in Edo-period. 1) Omi-ma belongs to Tsune-goten. 2) Module between the pillars is 7 shakus. 3) The plan consists of three rows of rooms. 4) It has Yoru-no-otodo and Kenji-no-ma. 5) South row mainly consists of three 3-Ken square rooms for official affairs. South row with the three rooms, which is the part where the least change has taken place throughout Edoperiod, has following facts. 6) Each room has different floor-level and is named Jodan, Chudan, and Gedan according to its level. 7) Chudan and Gedan are sometimes called Rentai and Hisashi accordingly. 8) The ceilings of Jodan, Chudan, and Gedan are respectively NiJu-oriage, Oriage, and Kesho-yaneura. 9) Each border of three rooms has two Naka-bashiras and no Joineries. A plan of Tsune-goten of Shinjotomonin's palace, whose antecedent is Tsune-goten of the Imperial palace built in Momoyama period, has been studied. According to the plan, this Goten consists of three rows of rooms and south row has three 3-Ken square rooms. These thsee rooms wese called Jodan, Rentai, and Hisashi when the Goten belonged to Imperial Palace. This Tsune-goten does not have Chodai-gamae and the Naka-bashiras according to the Shinjotomonin's plan. It isn't clear yet that the Tsune-goten did not have these features originally or not.
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KUNIKAZU UENO
Article type: Article
1976 Volume 243 Pages
109-118
Published: May 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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SHUKU is a old post-town, and SHUKUEZU is its drawing like town map. I got 22 SHUKUEZU of 11 SHU-KUs in KISO, the part of 67 SHUKUs of NAKASENDO; one of 5 main highways at the EDO period. SHUKUEZU exhibits outline of SHUKU's siteplan. That is the row of houses on both sides of road in SHUKU. We can find something about SHUKU from SHUKUEZU. For example, physical form of SHUKU, arrangement of houses, situation of each house, scale of each house and plan of some houses, etc. However, there are many various of SHUKU-EZU, we cannot find same thing in all SHUKUEZU. In this report, in the bigining I research the period when each SHUKUEZU was drawn and the reason why I think them drawn in given period. As a result of research, these SHUKUEZUs were drawn at the end of the Edo period, except only SHUKUEZU of NARAI. In the next, I research the purpose that these SHUKUEZUs were drawn. I understand 2 purpose. One of purpose, SHUKUEZU was the memorandum that they reported to public office. These reports is divided into 3 types, (1) general of report SHUKU, (2) special report of SHUKU's fire, (3) another special report of occupation of inhabitants in SHUKU. Another purpose, SHUKUEZU was the memorandum that lodging was alloted to lodginghouses and inhabitants' houses when public-passers or DAIMYO passed SHUKU. See the table, I summarized the above facts in it.
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JURO KIKUCHI
Article type: Article
1976 Volume 243 Pages
119-128
Published: May 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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In 1868 the newly established Japanese Government had many difficult problems, especially in financial straits. Therefore the erection of the Government Mint in European style at Osaka was not decided at the time when the coinage machines was arrived from Hongkong to Osaka. After a few months, a new diplomatic affair concerning the fineness of current coins took place. Then T.J. Waters was appointed as a official of the Government Mint and reached his post. In this Part 4, author described above mentioned matters in details as a continuation of the previous reports.
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1976 Volume 243 Pages
129-
Published: May 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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[in Japanese]
Article type: Article
1976 Volume 243 Pages
130-131
Published: May 30, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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