Transactions of the Architectural Institute of Japan

[title in Japanese]

Article type: Cover
1962 Volume 70 Pages Cover1-
Published: March 25, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: August 30, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.70.0_Cover1

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Index
1962 Volume 70 Pages Toc1-
Published: March 25, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: August 30, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.70.0_Toc1

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Index
1962 Volume 70 Pages Toc2-
Published: March 25, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: August 30, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.70.0_Toc2

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1) EFFECT OF CONTINUED FREEZING TIME UPOL THE RESULTS OF FREEZING-AND-THAWING MORTARS

KAZUNOBU HIRAI

Article type: Article
1962 Volume 70 Pages 1-6
Published: March 25, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: August 30, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.70.0_1

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This paper contains the experimental considerations pertaining to continued freezing time which may influence results of accelerated freezing-and-thawing tests. To obtain on this subject, test specimens are kept in a freezing unit for different lengths of times (3, 6, 12 hr). After removal from the freezing unit, the specimens are remined in a thawing unit at 20℃ for 1 hr. These tests consist of 2 series as following, Series I Cement……Portland cement. Fine aggregate……River sand. Mix properties……1:2 (weight) water-cement ratio 50%. Series II Cement……Portland Cement. Fine aggregate……Standard sand. Mix prperties……1:2 (wheight) water-cement ratio 55%, 65%. It is conculded that the frost resistance of cement mortars is influenced by the continued freezing time, and that is approximately directly proportional to the continued freezing time.

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2) STUDIES ON THE STRUCTURAL STEEL FOR BUILDING

TAKESAKY TSUTSUMI

Article type: Article
1962 Volume 70 Pages 7-9
Published: March 25, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: August 30, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.70.0_7

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Correlations among yield points, tensile strength and elogation of reinforcing bars, formed steels, steel plates and flat bars on the merket which were used for the constructions of Telephone Exchanges for six years, from 1954 to 1959, are found and formulated here as the results of the sumpling test by Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Public Corporation.

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3) THE LATERAL STABILITY OF TRUSSES

TOSHIO SUZUKI

Article type: Article
1962 Volume 70 Pages 10-15
Published: March 25, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: August 30, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.70.0_10

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This paper gives theoretical and experimental analysis for the lateral stability of trusses, which are considered as a whole, not as a part. In the first half of this report approximate solutions are derived by using the similar methods applied to the stability of compression chords of pony truss bridges. In the latter half of it experimental results of built-up columns, some of which are composed of steel tubes and others of angle-section beams, are presented. And they show good agreement with the caluculated ones. In short the result obteined is that trusses as well as open-web I-beams (see No. 66) can be regarded to be the same as rolled I-beams.

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4) THE GENERALIZED SLOPE DEFLECTION EQUATION METHOD AND ITS APPLICATION TO SPACE FRAME ANALYSIS

MINORU MAKINO

Article type: Article
1962 Volume 70 Pages 16-20
Published: March 25, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: August 30, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.70.0_16

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The generalized slope deflection equation method to analyze any type of space frames is discussed herein. The equations for an arbitrary member are drawn from Castigliano's theorem and are set up with matrix forms which are based on one to one correspondence between vector quantities in space to column matrices of order three. Consequently one can observe every members in a space framework are in a system of co-ordinantes. Once the coefficients belonged to the members are established, the procedure of analysis will be the same for any type of frameworks and is essensially smilar to Wilson's slope deflection equation method. Provided that the joints of a framework structure are rigid, the equilibrium of forces and moments yield two equilibrium conditions for each joint. If a joint in the framework is not rigid, which may lead to other conditional equations instead of equilibrium equations. Then the general solutions for frameworks are also obtained in the form of matrices. In the case that the both ends of every members are assumed spherical hinged, the solution becomes truss analysis. It may be mentioned, therefore, that this method is applicable to all type of framework structures.

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5) THEORICAL ANALYSIS OF SPACE TRUSSED SHELLS (PART II) : STRESS ANALYSIS OF HYPERBOLIC PARABOLICAL SPACE TRUSSED SHELL

MASAKAZU OZAKI

Article type: Article
1962 Volume 70 Pages 21-25
Published: March 25, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: August 30, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.70.0_21

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In the last report, I presented the general solution of shallow space trussed shells. This solution, which consists of 3 differential equations of equilibrium and 2 equationns of compatibility, is derived on the following, assumptions. (a) All members are assumed to be perfectly elastic. (b) The thickeness is assumed to be very thin in comparison with other dimensions. (c) The meshes of the net are very numerous. This present paper is concerned with the stress analysis of a hyperbolic parabolical space trussed shell roof which is supported with hinge edges on the boundaries, under normal uniform load. Firstly, considering the transverse sectional forces acting on the small unit element which composes the space trussed shell itself, 3 differential equations of equilibrium are obtained respectively by Equations (2, a b c). Two equations of compatibility are determined by Equations (4) and (5). Now, the relations between the sectinal forces and the displacements are expressed in Equations (3, a b c d), (7, a b) and (8, a b c d). Finally, 3 equations of equilibrium and 2 equations of compatibility are transformed into 3 differential equations by the displacements u, v and w, as shown in Equations (12, a b c), which are calculated by the application of finite difference method. The stresses and the bending moments of the members are obtained by Equations (15, a b c d) and (16, a b c d). The deflections and the load carrying characteristics are shown in Fig. (7), (8), (9) and (10), which are compared with those of the space trussed plate under the same condition.

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6) PRACTICAL METHOD OF LATERAL FORCE DISTRIBUTION CONSIDERED DEFORMATION OF SLAD ON BUILDINGS : MULTISTORIED BUILDINGS

KOICHIRO YAMADA

Article type: Article
1962 Volume 70 Pages 26-31
Published: March 25, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: August 30, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.70.0_26

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In this paper which is the continuation of the study written by the same author in Transactions of A.I.J., No. 69, Oct. 1961, when the uniform horizontal loads such us seismic fores act similarly upon each story of the symmetrical multistoried buildings of which the walled rigid frames are provided at the both ends, a paractical approximate method of finding the shearing forces carried by the middle rigid frame and walled rigid ones, which are largely given the effect of horizontal deformation of the slab, is proposed by applying the similar analytical principle and presumptions as used in the preceding paper.

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7) EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON ULTIMATE SHEAR STRENGTH OF REINFORCED CONCRETE PLATES

YOSHIKATSU TSUBOI, TAKASHI UCHIDA

Article type: Article
1962 Volume 70 Pages 32-37
Published: March 25, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: August 30, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.70.0_32

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Test specimens were circular plates of reinforced concrete 80cm in diameter. Experiment factors were: 1) shear span (l_s), 2) concrete strength (F_c), 3) depth to reinforcement (d), 4) steel ratio of shear reinforcement (P_s), 5) steel ratio in radial direction (P_r) and 6) steel ratio in circumferential direction (P_ψ). The total number of test specimens, 108, was decided by grid composition of these factors as follows. (Ref. Text fig. II-3) 2(l_s)×2(F_c)×3(d)×[2(P_s)×(P_ψ)×2(P_γ)+1(P_ψ)]=12×9=108 Loading and supporting materials were circular rings of acrylite located axially symmetricly. Test Results: (Ref. Text fig. V-3 through V-6) 1. The ultimite shear strength is in inverse proportion to log l_s/d. 2. The ultimate shear strength is further increased when shear reinforcement is properly located in position and direction. 3. The ultimate shear strength is apporoximately proportional to concrete strength. 4. The addition of radial steel reinforcing increase the ultimate shear strength only slightly. 5. The ultimate shear strength is not directly related to tho amount of circumferential steel reinforcing but increases when the bending strain in the circumferential direction at the edge of the plate is restraine by heavy circumferential steel reinforcing. This is especially true in the case of thin plate. From these, the following experimental formula has been derived: [numerical formula] in which, P_u is ultimate load γ_0 is radius of circular ring for loading. The scale effect is left as a problem to solve in the future.

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8) SYSTEMATIZATION OF PLASTIC MOMENT-DISTRIBUTION METHOD : AUTOMATIC LIMIT ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURES

TOSHIO SATO

Article type: Article
1962 Volume 70 Pages 38-44
Published: March 25, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: August 30, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.70.0_38

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After the plastic Moment-distribution Method by hand computation of J.M. English (1953) and M.R. Horne (1954), appeard the systematic one of J. Heyman (1959) in which involue high-speed digital computers. Heyman's Method have following good points that is able to applied limit analysis and designs, obtained correct solution by limited steps as well as Linear Programming Method (L.P.), finally the physical means of calculation is very clear. Howevr, this Method's weak points is as follows: We can't make a prediction about number of steps, and feel difficalt to adapt the criterion of Step II so-called for calculating machine. In order that save these weak points, the present writer has tried changing this method into a procedure of re-distribution of residual momnts, and restrict the moment distribution of first step. Consequently, the presented criterions are able to obtained always hinematically admisible multiplier smaller than preceeding steps by the Method of Trg and Error and to carried correct solution in the step of redundancies from the first by the Autmatical Method. (1961. 11.)

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9) EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON SELF-BRACKETING STAIR SLABS

YOSHIZO DOBASHI

Article type: Article
1962 Volume 70 Pages 45-53
Published: March 25, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: August 30, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.70.0_45

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Structural studies on the stair slad still remain backward compared with those on the beam, the column or the plain rectangular slab. Its practical design is beased on considerably bold assumptions whose inadequacy is often revealed in the resultant stractural cracking of the slab. In view of plate theory, probably onry an analysis for anisotropic stair slads with three edges fixed and one free has been presented, by Dr. Yokoo, all other related researches being made on the principles for the framed work in consideration of twisting effects. On the other hand some experimental reports have told that all the actions of the stair slab may not be presented in the frame theory. In this paper the method of difference is applied to orthogonally anisotropic elastic plates with slits or rectangular openings, supposed stair slabs. Then found distributions of bending moment or axial stresses either prove fairly good agreements with the result of the test loading of the corresponding stair slab models of steel, done by the authors. The data may lead to some design fundamentals of the stair slad.

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10) BUILDING OF MAJOR HYDROELECTRIC POWER HOUSES IN RECENT YEARS

KICHITARO NISHIYAMA

Article type: Article
1962 Volume 70 Pages 54-60
Published: March 25, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: August 30, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.70.0_54

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This paper deals with the design and construction of the hydroelectric power house buildings adopted for recent major projects, namely, TAGOKURA, SAKUMA, OKUTADAMI and MIBORO, which have been carried out by the Electric power Development Co. during the past 10 years. A description of these follows in three sections: (1) TAGOKURA power station is one of the most tptyical storage plants, and its power house has been placed immedeately below the dam. The power house design, therefore, whether in planning or construction, was intimately associated with the actual construction of the dam. Careful consultation of the civil, mechanical, electrical and architectural engineers and the drawing up of a program was necessary allowing for weather, including such phenomena as heavy snowfalls, floods and, last but not least, reasonable longterm economy. In this section what has been done on TAGOKURA power house design and construction from project stage until completion, is discussed. (2) SAKUMA switching station has been placed alongside the power house on its roof slad to economize valuable ground area. This arrangement, instead of conventional lattice members, reguired the plain framing member whose H shaped cross-section was small compared with the structure as a whole. And then, a specially designed joint has allowed rigid connection by means of a pre-stressed tension bolt. (3) OKUTADAMI & MIBORO power houses have been built deep underground. To make them just as comfortable as surface stations, careful consideration had to be given to the design of the ventilating system. In this section the factors of basic design conditions such as surrounding rock temperature and other considerations peculiar to the underground stractures, are described. In summary, the building of power houses can only be accomplished by the close co-operation of engineers with the architect or architectural engineer advising towars a harmonious overall design and layout of the facilities. This paper is an approach to the ideas behind today's power house.

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11) STUDIES ON THE ILLUMINATION DISTRIBUTIONS BY THE INTERREFLECTIONS IN PERFECLY DIFFUSING SURFACES (PART II) THREE-DIMENSIONAL CASES

KUNIO MATSUURA

Article type: Article
1962 Volume 70 Pages 61-67
Published: March 25, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: August 30, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.70.0_61

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This report is the apporoximate numerical solution of integral equation of the interreflections in perfectly diffusing surfaces for three-dimentional cases. As part I (Two-dimensional Cases), this study deals with the integral equation in which unknown fuction is the indirect illumination, or [numerical formula] (1) where, E_γ(x)= indirect illumination by interreflections to be determined, E_<γ1>(x)=the known illumination by the first reflecred light from the internal surface, ρ(x')=the known reflectance, e_o(x',x)=the known kernel, S=the area of internal surface. On each rectangular surface which forms a rectangular light-well or room, the indirect illumination is approximated by the next function. E_γ(x,y)=(Ay^2+By+C)x^2+(Dy^2+Ey+F)x+Gy^2+Hy+I (2) wher, A, B, C, ……are respectively given by the unknown nine indirect illumination values on this surface. In this reprt, the nine position of this unknown values are the four corner points, the four middle points of each side, and the center point on this rectangular surface. Substituting Eq. (2) into Eq. (1), we get equations contained the next integral terms, [numerical formula] (3) where, e_o(x',y'; x,y)=the known kernel, ρ=the known refrectance. a and h=the each side length of the rectangular surface. Since the analytical integral of this term (3) is difficult, it is integrated analytically to the one direction only, and numerically to the other. Then Eq. (1) is apporoximated to linear simultaneous equations and these solutions give inbirect illumination distributions. By this method, the indirect illuminations are calculated for the rectangular light-wells and the square rooms, lighted from one side window by daylight. The effects of changing the refflectance of the internal surface are considered, and especially in the square side-lighted rooms the effects of changing the reflectance of outside ground are discussed. The calculated results are compared with the several another empirical formulas and errors in these formulas are checked.

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12) STUDY ON SELECTION OF STANDARD COLOR

SADAKI OGISO, MASAO INNUI, TAKASHI MATSUSHITA

Article type: Article
1962 Volume 70 Pages 68-74
Published: March 25, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: August 30, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.70.0_68

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By use of standard color which properly selected, we can easily designate colors of buildings. In this paper, the author selected two sorts of standard color for interior color planning. Earch was selected from the data of real interior colors through statistical method different from one another. The data contain colors of all the parts of the rooms of movie-theatre, hotel, hospital, school, residence and apartment houses, amount to 281 rooms, 2139 colors (here the same colors in another places are calcurated repeatedly) altogether. The processes of the first statistical method (the method of arrangement in frequency order) are as follows. 1) drawing up all colors in frequency order. 2) picking up some colors in high positions. 3) deciding 120 standard colors, (the standard color A) The processes of the second method (the method of diminution of color perceptional difference) are as follows 1) selecting some temporarr standard colors and dividing Munsell color space into their territories. 2) calculating total of color perceptional differences between temporary standard colors and colors in their territories. 3) selecting again another temporary standard colors in order to diminish total of color perceptional differences. 4) repeating the processes from (2) to (3). 5) deciding 123 standard colors, (the standard color B) The characteristics of the standard color B is very different from the A. The A has very little of cool or gaudy colors, but the B include many of them. The B may be useful for interior color planing.

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13) POSITIVE EXAMINATION OF MOON-SPENCER'S COLOR HARMONY THEORY

GYO ITO, MICHIHIRO TAJIRI, TADASHI NAKAMURA

Article type: Article
1962 Volume 70 Pages 75-81
Published: March 25, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: August 30, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.70.0_75

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We examined positively the Moon-Spencer's color harmony theory, especially as to the area effect of color. The sabjects of the examination were pupils of elementary, junior, senior high school, and students of university, in all, about 540 persons. We made 40 samples of 4 colored arrangements. It was so difficult to make the samples in comformity with the Moon-Spencer's theory, that we painted as we liked in the fixed area-ratio, and showed the samples to the boys and girles. The answers about the harmony or the disharmony of colors were obtained by investigation. We ascertained one by one wether the samples which were judged as harmonious by the majority were conform to the theory. The conclusion of the research in our case, did not come out very clearly: it was rather a denial of the Moon-Spencer's theory. We consider that the examination of 4 colored samples has many factors and therefore the focal point of the problem becomes vague.

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14) ON THE SERICULTURAL HOUSES IN "NORTHERN SHINANO" "THE STUDY OF THE CONNECTION BETWEEN THE RECENT PRODUCERS AND THE PROCESS OF FARMING WORKSPACE"

KAZUO KUSANO

Article type: Article
1962 Volume 70 Pages 82-87
Published: March 25, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: August 30, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.70.0_82

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In farmer report, a few kinds of merchandise were reported around recent "Iwashiro proreince". In this report, sericultural houses in "Northern Shinano" are also reported under the same subtitle. The history of resent form-houses have been formed by their changing workspace, and I think, their space have also been settling by the organization of farming saciety and the proreincial difference of commercial farming.

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Bibliography
1962 Volume 70 Pages 88-92
Published: March 25, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: August 30, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.70.0_88

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[title in Japanese]

Article type: Appendix
1962 Volume 70 Pages App1-
Published: March 25, 1962
Released on J-STAGE: August 30, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.3130/aijsaxx.70.0_App1

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