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Article type: Cover
1982Volume 320 Pages
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Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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Article type: Cover
1982Volume 320 Pages
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Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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Article type: Index
1982Volume 320 Pages
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Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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Article type: Index
1982Volume 320 Pages
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Published: October 30, 1982
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TOYOKAZU SHIIRE, SHIGEO CHINO
Article type: Article
1982Volume 320 Pages
1-11
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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In the present investigation, the compressive strength of the concrete was studied. According to the above results, we considered the influence of temperature on the compressive strength of cement concrete. The results of the present investigation have been interpreted as showing that the compressive strength of the cement concrete are especially dependent on the curing temperature, among the temperature of making materials, the mixing temperature or the temperature during the soculled dormant period of the compressive strength is higher. Our experimental results agree approximately with the results of approach to the hydration process of cement.
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MASASHI FUKUHARA, SEIJI KOKUSHO
Article type: Article
1982Volume 320 Pages
12-20
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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This paper describes the qualitative experimental results and discussions concerning the reinforced concrete beams with high tension shear reinforcement whose 0.2% proof stress is about 13000kgf/cm^2. Fifty two specimens of beams subjected to bending moment and shear force were tested in this experimental study. Loads were applied anti-symmetrically, and the types of loading were monotonic and alternatively reversal. The number of reversal loading were ten times, and the strength at the alternatively reversal load was 21kgf/cm^2 (≒_cσ_B/10). The results of this study provided information about the essential function of high tension shear reinforcement against shear failure and about the factors affecting the ultimate shear strength of reinforced concrete beams with tension shear reinforcement.
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KIYOSHI KANETA, HIDEKAZU NISHIZAWA
Article type: Article
1982Volume 320 Pages
21-28
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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In order to examine the applicability of the X-ray stress measurement for the actual steel structural members, the field tests have been performed at a high story building under construction. The test results may be summarized as follows. 1. The X-ray diffraction techiques can be directly applied for the stress measurement of the actual building members with the present technical level. 2. The accuracy of the X-ray measured stress is satisfactory, even if which is obtained through field test, in practical sense.
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MICHIO SHIBATA, MINORU WAKABAYASHI
Article type: Article
1982Volume 320 Pages
29-35
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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Dynamic response analysis of a single-story braced frame was conducted to demonstrate the ability of the mathematical expression of hysteretic behavior of single braces proposed in the previous paper to simulate the dynamic behavior of the frame. The restoring force of the system was represented as a sum of the restoring forces of the bare frame and of the braces. The hysteretic behavior of the bare frame was taken to be bi-linear. The behavior of the braces was estimated by two methods. In the first method, the proposed function was used to represent the restoring force of the braces. The axial force of the braces was expressed as a single-valued continuous function with respect to the axial displacement until unloading occured. Upon unloading, the characteristic parameters were modified. In the second method, the restoring force of the braces was computed by a sophisticated numerical analysis. The frame was analyzed as an undamped one-degree-of-freedom system having piecewise-linear hysteretic characteristics. The important findings are as follows ; (1) Dynamic characteristics of the braced frame depended not only on the brace slenderness but also on the strength ratio of the frame to the braces. (2) The results of response analysis using the proposed hystresis function agreed well with the numerical solution. The proposed function can be used appropriately for the dynamic analysis.
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Hirofumi AOKI, Ben KATO, Tsuneo NANBA, Nobuhiro SATOH
Article type: Article
1982Volume 320 Pages
36-44
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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TAKAYUKI HIRAI
Article type: Article
1982Volume 320 Pages
45-55
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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Not a few studies on Boundary Element Method have been reported to get the numerical solutions of elasticity problems. There are two kinds of Boundary Element Method named Indirect Method and Direct Method which based on each foundamental formula leaded from the superposition of principal solutions and the boundary integral equation respectively. In this paper the analytical formulas are presented for the integral values of the two dimensional elasticity principal solution along the boundary element on which the traction distributes constantly and the displacement distributes linearly. Some Indirect and Direct Boundary Element Method programs for two dimensional elasticity problems, using the analytical formulas presented, are proposed and the usefulness of the method is examined by solving some representative problems. The very accurate solution might be resulted by Direct Boundary Element Method using the element on which the displacement distributes by a dimension higher than the traction. Concerning with the proposed Direct Boundary Element Method, on which boundary element the displacement is linear and the traction is constant, solutions with reasonable precision are calculated on several problems but sometimes considerable errors in the results are indicated on the problems which boundary conditions are given by the traction and the displacement together. All the solutions calculated by proposed Indirect Boundary Element Method on the analytical model on which enough number of boundary elements created have the gratifying exactitude.
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ISAO KOKUBO, ATSUO TANAKA, FUKUJIRO FURUMURA, TAKEO ABE
Article type: Article
1982Volume 320 Pages
56-63
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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The relaxation characteristics of high strength bolt under high temperatures and the correlation between creep and relaxation are discussed in this paper. In this relaxation test, two types of specimens of the same ones as used in the case of creep test described in Part 1 were used. The property of bolt was F 10 T, and the initial strain was of 3000μ, 4000μand 5000μ corresponding to the range of the initial tension of high strength bolts. Under the conditions that the heating temperatures ranged from 300℃ to 500℃ with pitches of 50℃, and the measuring time was 6 hours. As a result, it was found that an exponential approximate expression in which temperature, stress and time are variables was used as the experimental equation concerning the relaxation. This expression was confirmed that it can agree with the experimental values with considerably good accuracy. The correlation between creep and relaxation was examined. When estimating the value of relaxation by using the creep experimental equation, both the stain hardening theory and the time hardening theory were examined as the creep law with the results that it was found the former could provide better agreement.
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MAKOTO MATSUURA, YASUO HAGA
Article type: Article
1982Volume 320 Pages
64-72
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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A K_0 consolidation apparatus is used in this tests. (Diameter of samples D=60〜305mm, height H≒D/3, testing pressure p=0.1〜2000kgf/(cm)^2) The river gravels, river sands and dune sands are used for testing samples. (Diameter of particles d=0.074〜100mm) This paper describes the such results of experiments. 1) Grain size and shape of the testing samples. 2) Crush load of the particles of sands and gravels. 3) Elastic and creep deformation of the particles. 4) Void retio in loosest and densest state of of the samples. 5) Relative density and N value of the samples. 6) Results of K_0 consolidation tests for the many samples.
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MAKOTO MATSUURA, MITSUMASA NISHIMURA
Article type: Article
1982Volume 320 Pages
73-80
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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To clarify the compressibility of Masa-do, it is necessary to test undisturbed samples. In this paper, Masa-do is tested by confined compression tests on the undisturbed samples. The compressibility is closely related to initial void ratio. The results of the tests are summarized as follows : (1) The compression curve plotted in an e-log p coordinate system is discribed in a wholly smooth convex curve and in this curve precompression load is not obtained. (2) The relation between the reduction of void ratio and the load in semi-logarithmic coordinate diagram indicates an approximately straight line, from which it is possible to obtain an e-log p curve. (3) It is possible to predict the settlement by the two straight lines (C_c and C_c^') bent at the point of p=1.0 kgf/(cm)^2 in the e-log p curve. (4) Creep settlement can approximate a straight line between 8 seconds and 15 minutes, and the ratio of the creep settlement to the total settlement is about 20 percent. Viscosity parameter is related to the initial void ratio but independent of the loading stage. (5) Plotting the measured creep settlement for 100 days' period of logarithmic time indicates a slightly concave curve, which gives the safety settlement against the straight line up to the 15 mimutes and the samples with high initial void ratio show a tendency to safety. (6) Several of the samples are divided into two specimen and they are tested under saturated and unsaturated conditions and there is no significant difference between the former and the latter.
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SHIGERU SETOGAWA
Article type: Article
1982Volume 320 Pages
81-90
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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Considering the site condition on a layered stiff soil ground, the theoretical Dynamical Ground Compliance (DGC) by the medium model assumed to be semi-infinite, elastic and five layered is compared with the experimental one. The results of investigation are summarized as follows : (1) Horizontal and vertical DGC by the experiment tend to agree with the theoretical DGC by the model of a layerd medium. (2) The equivalent shear wave velocity by oscillator tests becomes an impotant parameter to change dimensional DGC to non-dimensional one in the case of a layered medium. (3) By investigation of X, Y, Z-foundation, the equivalent shear wave velocity becomes large in order of size, and the size effect on a layered medium is recognized.
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NAOTSUNE TAGA, YUTAKA TOGASHI, TADASHI MIYAZAKI
Article type: Article
1982Volume 320 Pages
91-101
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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Microseisms observed on soil deposite in the Nohbi plain, are likely to contain both source properties of sea waves and natural vibration of soil layers. Therefore, it is indispensable to distinct these two characteristics for applying the microseisms to engineering use. The propagation of microseismic waves is observed by a tripartite method in four sites with quite different layer thickness of deposits on a base rock. A wave analysis of observed record is carried out by a cross correlation method, and spectral structure, dispersion properties and wave types are discussed from the wave propagation view point. Important results obtained are as follows. 1. Typical spectral pattern is of two-peaked form under the frequency of 1.0 Hz. 2. Predominant frequency peak in lower range is different in each site and has not any considerable propagating characteristics. 3. Peak of higher frequency shows the remarkable properties of the propagation in three sites on soil deposits. 4. It is concluded that the lower one corresponds the thickness of deeper deposits in the plain and the higher one seems to be dependent on the source properties of sea waves.
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KOICHI IKEDA, SUSUMU YOSHIZAWA, MASATAKA NAKANO
Article type: Article
1982Volume 320 Pages
102-107
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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By conducting the questionnaire surveys among the inhabitants around high-rise buildings, we had already obtained the fact that the incidence ratios of wind environmental problems are highest at the zones nearest to the buildings. In this paper we report the results of the wind tunnel experiment which was made concerning the air flow around the scaled model of one of the surveyed areas to confirm our new hypothesis, "Ratios of wind environmental problems at the zone near to high-rise building become high because the wind speed at that zone is affected strongly by the construction of the building, and then the high wind speed increasing ratios are apt to appear". The conclusions are as follows; (1) Wind speed increasing areas where wind speed increase more than 10% by construction of buiding are apt to appear within the distance from the 2 times height of the building and seldom appear at the region farther than that distance; (2) Wind environmental problems are apt to take place at the wind speed increasing areas; (3) Distribution curves of the wind speed increasing ratios are almost similar to that of the wind problem incidence ratios.
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TOSHIO OJIMA
Article type: Article
1982Volume 320 Pages
108-115
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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This report having 4 case studies shows the practical use about the Space Modular Co-ordination Chart. (1) Fig.2-1 shows the mutual relation of the subject (inner environment human body) and the environment. In 1980, the biggest computer in the world has 5.1×(10)^8 bit memory capacity, this capacity is just same as one of human being. But this capacity is very small to understanding the outer environment. Therefor we must divide the environment, and need the corresponding scale. For example, making the simulation model and the other approach system that the preliminary approach is correspond to Field, the secondary, to Mesh, the third to Pixcel. (2) In the next case study, making the global mesh data, Fig.2-2 shows H(5-5) World LAND USE MAP (500km Mesh). From this map, we just look the land use of the world, and can use it for the simulation study of the world air stream and etc. Fig.2-3 is H(4-1) JAPAN wood energy stock model (10km Mesh), Fig.2-4 is H(2-4) KANTO-TOKYO DISTRICT LAND USE MAP (500m Mesh) and Fig.2-5 shows H(1-1)〜H(6-1) Models that is remote sensing and earth surface relation. These models are used for several simulation studies. (3) Especially when we use remote sensing technique, this space Modular Co-ordination Chart is very significant. The higher viewpoint from the earth surface, is equivalent to the larger environmental field. Fig.2-6, 2-7 show the viewpoint (measurement field, mesh and pixel), from LANDSAT, Aircraft and etc. If the visual angle of remote sensing machine is the same, its distance is in proportion to measurement field. Therefor its high level shows model Index that is Fig.2-8. For example, Remote Sensing from outer space is the very nice for measurement of urban area. (4) Last case study, Fig.2-9 shows the measurement cycle for instrument and human senser. Fig.2-10 shows the several wave length and frequency for measurement of each environment field.
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HIROHISA NAKADA, HIROSHI DOHI
Article type: Article
1982Volume 320 Pages
116-125
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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[Object and Method] In this study we discuss about the differences between urban resident's and visitor's cognitive style. We selected 61 residents and 20 visitors, controlling for characteristics of age, sex, residential places and socio-economic background. Through the verbal interviews we asked them the following questions; 1) Do you know the places presented in the map? 2) Have you been at the places presented in the map? 3) Do you know the places presented in the photographs? [Result] 1) Residents know the urban space in detail, while visitors know only main streets and the central commercial district. This result suggests that visitors have previously urban spatial informations based on prior experiences with similar environment. So they easily recognize the major structure of the urban space (main streets, public facilities, C.B.D. etc.). 2) Residents tend to recognize the minor structure in the district close to their residences and the major structure away from their homes. 3) People of more experiences in their urban space get more spatial cognition. Visitors have this tendancy strongly. 4) Places of more people's visit get better recognition. 5) Concerning visitor's cognitive style in a certain urban space, the more places he knows, the more correctly he discriminates them through photographs, but this tendancy cannot be seen in the case of resident's.
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YOUNG HA KIM, YOICHI ISHIZAKI
Article type: Article
1982Volume 320 Pages
126-135
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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We study the trends of re-utilization of ruined sites of casting factories which had being located in residential and industrial mixed areas and also study their influence on city space form. We investigated the transformation of re-utilization of the area which was ruined due to do the decrease of the casting factories from 1959 to 1980 within the old KAWAGUCHI CITY, using 250 meter mesh map. In view of the results so far achieved, the casting factories have decreased in KAWAGUCHI CITY rapidly from 1975 and the ruined sites are mainly re-utilized to new housing.
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YUICHI FUKUKAWA
Article type: Article
1982Volume 320 Pages
136-145
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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What value can we find out in the historic quarters? And how to conserve them? It is difficult to say that we have all the answeres to this question in the context of modern cities. This report deals with the problem from the view point of urban planning, especially how to coordinate individual buildings and their agglomeration, in the case of NARA and KAWAGOE, typical historic towns composed of traditional town houses, machiyas. Analising the two cases with different types of machiyas, it is ascertained that some principles of the form which the individual machiyas have in common enable them to share the limited environmental conditions as much as possible even in the agglomeration of high density. Particularly the principles cooperating closely, in NARA two kinds of zones are formed over individual units on the axis of a road symmetrically; the building zone and the back courtyard zone. In KAWAGOE the former is divided into the shop zone and the residential zone with side courtyards. Forming these zones the courtyards surely guarantee much more environmental conditions than locating at random. By this self-controlled system the historic quarters have an ideal relationship between buildings and their agglomeration. This might be one of the values of the historic quarters in our age, when urban spaces are in a state of confusion. And by the means of making a rule following the zones inherited, we can keep the order of historic towns which are being confused.
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SHIGEO KAWAMOTO
Article type: Article
1982Volume 320 Pages
146-152
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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Morihisa FUJIMOTO, Fukujiro FURUMURA, Hideki UESUGI, Takeo AVE
Article type: Article
1982Volume 320 Pages
153-161
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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Article type: Appendix
1982Volume 320 Pages
App1-
Published: October 30, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: August 22, 2017
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