On the new cephalosporin C antibiotic, cefazolin, the pharmacokinetics study following a single 1, 000 mg intravenous administration was performed in anuric patients due to chronic renal failure.
In subjects with normal renal function, it has reported that cefazolin mainly excreted by kidneys and partially by liver, and the half life was about 1.6 hours after a single 500 mg intravenous administration.
In anuric patients with chronic renal failure, the half life of the drug (
T/2) was surprisingly prolonged (
T/2=115.06 hrs). The rate of removal of the drug from serum (
Ks) was markedly decreased as well as the clearance of the drug from serum (
Cs) was decreased (
Ks= 0.6%/hr,
Cs=.0.7 ml/min.).
In the group of anuric patients on hemodialysis, the half life (
T/2) was markedly shortened than. that in the group of anuric patients between dialysis.
The clearance of the drug by artificial kidney (
Ck) was 8.96 ml/min., and the rate of removal of the drug from artificial kidney was 8.27%/hr. These findings revealed the dialysibility of cefazolin might be less compared with that of cephaloridine or cephalothin.
In patients on peritoneal dialysis,
T/2 was less shortened than that on hemodialysis. Because the clearance of the drug by the peritoneum and the removal rate of the drug from the peritoneum were less than 1/2 in patients on hemodialysis.
In the group administered the drug intraperitoneally during peritoneal dialysis, the mean rate of absorption of the drug through the peritoneum was 32 to 65% of the total dose of administration.
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