All issues
Volume 17, Issue 1
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
Nariyoshi Kobayashi1974 Volume 17 Issue 1 Pages 1-10
Published: January 31, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSInfluences of 1-asparaginase on glucose tolerance, serum IRI and insulin activity of the pancreatic extracts were examined.
The animals were divided into 4 groups, a control group, a group treated with cortisone (10 mg/day), a group treated with 1-asparaginase (1, 000 U/kg) and a group treated by combined use of 1-asparaginase and cortisone.
1) In the control group, the average blood glucose levels before, 30, 60, 120, and 180 minutes after oral glucose loading were 84±11, 114±26, 118±22, 108±22, and 90±18 mg/dl, respectively.
In the group treated with cortisone, blood glucose levels were 105±18, 187±25, 178±46, 151±49, and 117±32 mg/dl In the group treated with 1, 000 U/kg of 1-asparaginase, blood glucose levels were 137±83, 232±185, 265±123, 296±136, and 224±123 mg/dl.
In the group treated with a combination of 1-asparaginase with cortisone, blood glucose levels were 255±149, 470±199, 421 ±193, 430±173, and 398±158 mg/dl.
2) Serum IRI levels before, 30, 60, 120, and 180 minutes after oral glucose loading were 21.2±7.9, 26.9±11.3, 36.8 ± 11.8, 29.9± 9.5, and 21.3 ± 8.7 μU/ml in the control group.
In the group treated with cortisone, those were 15.0±2.5, 25.3±7.5, 27.8±12.8, 23.6±4.5, 22.6±10.2 μU/ml, in the group treated with 1-asparaginase, 16.1 ±4.5, 24.3±8.8, 28.63±11.8, 23.7±11.7, 20.8±9.3 μU/ml and in the group treated with a combination of 1-asparaginase with cortisone, 14.1±7.3, 17.2±8.4, 11.0±5.4, 5.6±7.3, 3.8±3.3 μU/ml.
3) Insulin activity of the pancreatic extracts was 2.25±0.74 U per rabbit in the control group 2.20±0.70 U in the cortisone treated group, 2.24± 1.77 U in 1-asparaginase treated group.
In the group treated with combination of 1-asparaginase with cortisone, however, the pancreatic insulin activity was not detectable.
4) The insulinogenic indices (ΔIRI/ΔBS) 30 minutes after glucose loading were 0.33±0.17 in the control group, 0.28±0.19 in the group treated with cortisone, 0.23 ±0.13 in the group treated with 1-asparaginase and 0.04±0.03 in the group treated with a combination of 1-asparaginase with cortisone.
From these results, it was ascertained that 1-asparaginase has a diabetogenic action and this effect was potentiated by cortisone.View full abstractDownload PDF (1865K) -
Kazuo Katsumata1974 Volume 17 Issue 1 Pages 11-15
Published: January 31, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of three kinds of hypoglycemic biguanide on the respiration of isolated rat liver mitochondria were studied using Beckman oxygen scensor. The following results were obtained.
1. Both phenformin and buformin were shown to inhibit the respiration of isolated liver mitochondria as reported previously. On the contrary, metformin showed us any influences on the mitochondrial respiration and oxidative phosphorylation.
2. The minimum concentration of phenformin which induced a decrease in respiratory control of liver mitochondria was 50 mg%. That of buformin was 100 mg%.
3. Both phenformin and buformin aparrently decreased DNP release of respiration of liver mitochondria. Metformin showed no effects on the DNP release of respiration.
4. Changing the substrate from succinate to glutamate + malate produced slight change in the effects of phenformin and buformin.
5. The above results, demonstrated that neither phenformin nor buformin inhibit oxidative phosphorylation of liver mitochondria, when administered orally in the nomall dose.
But, there is a small possibility that when these drugs are orally administered in large dose, they can give influence the metabolism of liver mitochondria to a certain extent.View full abstractDownload PDF (867K) -
Yukihiro Kai, Ryuzo Abe, Sunao Katono, Norihiko Moriai, Toshitaka Kaga ...1974 Volume 17 Issue 1 Pages 16-22
Published: January 31, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPlasma insulin response during the 50 g oral glucose tolerance test was determined in three groups classified according to GTT results, i. e. normal, borderline and diabetic group.
Results were obtained as follows.
(1) In the normal group, the plasma insulin rose to maximal value after 30 minutes and then returned to the initial level within 120 minutes. The insulin levels changed in parallel with blood glucose levels.
(2) A low and delayed insulin response was obtained in the diabetic group.
(3) The characteristic findings of the insulin response in the borderline group were: low insulin level at the 30 minutes and high insulin level at 60 minutes and 120 minutes. However, it was revealed that the later high insulin secretion of the borderline group as a whole was due to high insulin levels at 60 and 120 minutes in delayed hyperglycemic subjects. Also the insulin at 120 minutes in subjects with a normal glucose level at 120 minutes was the same as that of the normal group.
(4) The ΔIRI/ΔBS at 30 minutes for each indivisuals was above 0.4 in the normal group except only one case, and it was below 0.4 in the diabetic group. In the borderline group the values of ΔIRI/ΔBS were distributed in a broad range, but they tended to be low in subjects with high peak blood glucose levels.View full abstractDownload PDF (1305K) -
Akira Ohneda, Shoji Ishii1974 Volume 17 Issue 1 Pages 23-27
Published: January 31, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSExperimental studies were performed to evaluate the application of separation by polyct iylene glycol (PEG) to the immunoassay of plasma glucagon.
An increase in the concentration of PEG added raised the percentage of precipitated bound 131I-glucagon, reaching a plateau at a 12.5 % final concentration of PEG. The bound labeled glucagon was completely precipitated by the addition of r-globulin of human plasma in a final concentration of 0.15 mg/ml. The maximal percentage of bound labeled glucagon precipitated was observed at pHs 7 to 9. The standard curve for glucagon assay using PEG was parallel to that using the charcoal method. The glucagon levels in the pancreatic vein of a dog measured by the PEG method correlated with those by the charcoal method (r=0.832).
These results suggest that the PEG method for the separation of free from bound labeled glucagon is useful and superior to other methods for the radioimmunoassay of plasma glucagon.View full abstractDownload PDF (606K) -
Hidetaka Nakayama, Morimasa Iju, Takashi Sasaki, Takuji Watanabe, Koic ...1974 Volume 17 Issue 1 Pages 28-34
Published: January 31, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSProtein, DNA and 3H-TdR incorporation into DNA were measured in the diabetic rat intestine during free feeding and pair feeding. Experimental diabetes mellitus in rats was induced by streptozotocin.
In pair feeding experiments, there was an increase in the protein/DNA ratio and a fall in DNA per gram of tissue accompanied by a decrease in 3H-TdR incorporation into DNA in these diabetic intestine.
In free feeding experiments, the intestinal mucosal weight of these diabetic animals was greater than that of control animals in jejunum and ileum. Also, there was an increase in the protein/DNA ratio and a fall in DNA per gram of tissue accompanied by an increase in 3H-TdR incorporation into DNA in these diabetic intestine.
The DNA specific activity studies based on 5H-TdR incorporation may be considered to be cell proliferative activity.
It is therefore concluded that a decrease in cell proliferative activity is seen in diabetic intestinal mucosa and that hyperphagia induced by diabetic animals leads to an increase in cell proliferative activity in diabetic intestinal mucosa.View full abstractDownload PDF (3881K) -
Yutaka Seino, Masaki Ikeda, Hiroo Imura, Mikiko Yawata1974 Volume 17 Issue 1 Pages 35-43
Published: January 31, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSeltzer et al. first proposed the insulinogenic index (I. I.), the ratio of Δinsulin to Δglucose after glucose loading, as an index of insulin secretory capacity in terms of a rise in blood glucose. They reported that I. I. tended to decrease shortly after glucose loading in mild diabetics, as compared with normal subjects, and that this decrease in I. I. was more remarkable in moderate diabetics.
The present study was carried out to investigate the I. I. in patients with impaired carbohydrate metabolism caused by endocrine disorders or liver diseases, which is considered to be so-called “secondary diabetes”. The I. I. was calculated on the basis of increments in blood glucose and plasma IRI 30 min after the oral administration of 50 g of glucose. In normal subjects, the I. I. was 1.42, whereas it was 0.44 or 0.09 in mild or moderare to severe diabetics, respectively. In hyperthyroidism, those who showed a glucose tolerance curve of “oxyhyperglycemia” type had an I. I. of 1.11, while those with a diabetic glucose tolerance curve had an I.I. of 0.70. I.I.'s were 0.44 and 0.14 in acromegalics with mild glucose intolerance and with severe glucose intolerance, respectively. In patients with Cushing's syndrome, steroid diabetes and pheochromocytoma, they were 0.98, 1.07 and 0.16, respectively. Patients with acute hepatitis, chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis gave I. I'.s of 0.93, 1.35 and 0.59, respectively.
These results suggest that the I.I. is higher in secondary diabetes than in primary diabetes, except for some acromegalic patients with severe glucose intolerance and patients with pheochromocytoma in whom the inhibition of insulin secretion by catecholamines is considered to be the major cause of abnormal glucose metabolism. It appears, therefore, that the I. I. is an useful tool for the differential diagnosis of primary and secondary diabetes.View full abstractDownload PDF (2333K) -
Hiroyuki Kumano, Takuji Watanabe, Takashi Hanai1974 Volume 17 Issue 1 Pages 44-49
Published: January 31, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA nineteen-year-old girl with juvenile diabetes mellitus was admitted to the hospital because of fever (39°C) and left adbominal pain. She was treated with insulin, but with no satisfactory results. She had diabetic cataracta, atonic bladder, silent gallstone, and bilateral double kidney pelvis and ureter. On examination at admission, the white-cell count was 14, 500 and erythrocyte sedimentation rate was 112 mm per hour. Urinary protein was positive and sediment of urine revealed much fungi. The patient was diagnosed as acute pyelonephritis and was given aminobenzilpenicillin, gentamycine and chloramphenicol, but a feverish condition and leucocytosis continued. Fourteen days after admission, acute cardiac insufficiency appeared and digitalisation was done. Sixteen days after admission, tumor with fluctuation appeared at her left under abdominal region. Drainage was done and much yellowish viscous pus was discharged. After drainage, we began to use Amphotericine-B (total 1100 mg) intravenously. After this treatment, fever dropped and fungi in urine became negative. She was discharged at one hundred and thirtith day and is now ambulatorily treated. The identification of this fungi was Torulopsis glabrata.View full abstractDownload PDF (4115K) -
[in Japanese]1974 Volume 17 Issue 1 Pages 51-71
Published: January 31, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (4792K) -
1974 Volume 17 Issue 1 Pages 73-88
Published: January 31, 1974
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (3114K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|