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Volume 37, Issue 5
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An Impaired Neutrophil FunctionNoriyuki Sato, Hiroyuki Shimizu, Masatomo Mori1994 Volume 37 Issue 5 Pages 321-325
Published: May 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (597K) -
Muneyoshi Yoshida, Junko Sawa, Toshiki Hozumi, Yoshihiko Ishida, Tsuto ...1994 Volume 37 Issue 5 Pages 327-333
Published: May 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHistological changes in the retinal tissue and serum levels of lipid and glucose were investigated. STZ-induced diabetic rats were given regular chow plus water for 4weeks and subsequently grouped according to the following diet regimens.
Group 1: non-diabetic rats, Group 2: diabetic rats fed no additional cholesterol or glucomannan, Group3: diabetic rats fed or additiona l1.5% cholesterol, Group 4: diabetic rats fed both the addititonal 1.5% cholesterol and 15% glucomannan. Group1 received only regular chow and served as a control.
In the 18th week, all rats were sacrificed and chemical analyses of blood samples were conducted. Selected portions of the retina including the chorioidea were histologicaly examined. Plasma glucose and total cholesterol levels of Group 3 were significantly higher than those of Group 4. In accordance with the results of the chemical analysis, microvascular changes such as dilatation or occlusion of the Arteriola-and Venula medialis retinae were found in diabetic rats of Groups 3 and 4. However, diabetic vascular changes of Group 2 were evident only in the Venula medialis retinae. Furthermore, atheromatous plaque in the Aa. choriodea retinae (A. ciliares posterior longae) was observed in Groups 3 and 4. As shown in Groups 3 and 4, atherosclerosis of the A. ciliares posterior longae was found in cases with high cholesterolemia. This may reflect macroangiopathy and is probably related to the progression of microangiopathy.
A high-fiber diet using glucomannan as a supplement may be effective in lowering lipid and glucose levels and preventing microvascular changes.View full abstractDownload PDF (5694K) -
Yumiko Omoto, Hideki Hidaka, Hideto Kojima, Yukio Shigeta1994 Volume 37 Issue 5 Pages 335-342
Published: May 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe examined plasma plant sterol (PS) levels and small intestinal morphological measurements (SIMM) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats to clarify the effect of exogenous sterol absorption on diabetic hypercholesterolemia.
Rats fed a high cholesterol diet (1% cholesterol, 1% cholic acid, 1% coconut oil) had not only marked hypercholesterolemia but also increased PS levels (Campesterol: 0.82±0.14 vs 6.6±2.7mg/dl), and showed intestinal hypertrophy (Surface Area (SA): 132.5±11.7 vs 170.8±28.6cm2) as compared with a controls. With a high PS diet, PS levels and SIMM were markedly increased (Campesterol: 7.9±2.0 vs 17.8±8.2, SA: 119.7±19.3 vs 156.8±15.4cm2) in diabetic rats, and were reduced by insulin supplementation. Furthermore, PS levels correlated well with SIMM. Even when DM rats were pair-fed with control rats to exclude the effect of hyperphagia, the increases in PS levels and SIMM were still observed. The rates of disappearance of PS (t1/2) were almost indentical between control and diabetic rats (Sitosterol: 3.6±1.9 vs 3.7±1.0 day).
These results indicate that hyperabsorption of exogenous sterols plays an important role in the pathophysiology of hyperlipidemia in diabetes, and also suggest that intestinal hypertrophy may account, in part, for the mechanisms of diabetic hypercholesterolemia.View full abstractDownload PDF (1150K) -
Hiroto Furuta, Ryoichi Sowa, Hiromichi Tabata, Junji Hirayama, Toshiro ...1994 Volume 37 Issue 5 Pages 343-348
Published: May 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: August 04, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCS-045 is a new oral antidiabetic drug that has been reported to improve insulin resistance in diabetic animal models and NIDDM patients. To determine the acute and chronic effects of CS-045 on insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, we performed in situ rat himdlimb perfusion in male Wistar and obese Zucker-fatty rats. Forty minutes after preperfusion, insulin was infused at 1000μU/ml for 80 minutes and in the latter 40 minutes CS-045 was added at 10μM and the glucose concentration in the effluent was measured to calculate glucose uptake (GU). When assessed by GU, Zucker-fatty rats showed insulin resistance compared with Wistar rats without CS-045 infusion (248.3±23.7vs. 599.7±63.8 nmol/g/min, p<0.01). In both rat strains, the 40 minute infusion of CS-045 did not influence GU. However, CS-045, when given chronically (9 days) to Zucker-fatty rats as a 0.2% food admixture, increased GU significantly (378.0±26.5nmol/g/min, p<0.01). We conclude that CS-045, when given chronically, improves insulin resistance in skeletal muscle.View full abstractDownload PDF (660K) -
Evaluation of Arrhythmia Using Holter ECG MonitoringYasuo Kida, Atsunori Kashiwagi, Hiroko Nakagawa, Ryuichi Kikkawa, Yuki ...1994 Volume 37 Issue 5 Pages 349-355
Published: May 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe have reported that the prevalence of sudden death in diabetic subjects is higher than that in the general population, but the precise mechanism of sudden death in diabetics is still unclear. Malignant arrhythmia might be one of the possible causes of sudden death. Herein, we have investigated the frequency and clinical characteristics of ventricular premature contraction (VPC) using 24 hr-Holter ECG monitoring in 444 NIDDM (group D), and in 80age and sex matched non-diabetic controls (group C) without organic heart disease.
1) In group D, multifocal VPC, ventricular tachycardia (VT) and/or R-on-T phenomenon were more frequently observed as compared with controls.
2) Malignant arrhythma in group D was associated with aging, ischemic heart disease, nephropathy, and autonomic neuropathy.
These results indicate that further cardiac examination using Holter ECG should be recommended for diabetics with cardiac complications, nephropathy, and/or autonomic neuropathy in order to prevent sudden unexected death.View full abstractDownload PDF (1208K) -
Daisuke Suzuki, Raita Naka, Mitsunori Yagame, Kiichiro Jinde, Hideaki ...1994 Volume 37 Issue 5 Pages 357-363
Published: May 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis is the first report of non-radioactive in situ hybridization of transforming growth factor β(TGF-β) mRNA in renal biopsy specimens obtained from 13 patients with diabetic nephropathy (DM-N). In order to elucidate the localization of TGF-β mRNA in DM-N, we examined non-radioactive in situ hybridization in 13 renal tissues of patients with DM-N. The method used for this study has recently been developed in our institute using a 20 mer oligonucleotide probe. TGF-β mRNA positive cells were seen among mesangial cells and epithelial cells of the glomeruli, and the signals were strong in tissues with moderate mesangial matrix expansion but weak in nodular lesions. Moreover, we found that TGF-β mRNA positive cells were observed in atrophic tubuli and infiltrating cells of the interstitial area. It was concluded that TGF-β mRNA is expressed in renal tissues of patients with diabetic nephropathy, and that its expression may be related to the glomerular damage which characterizes this disease.View full abstractDownload PDF (7683K) -
Shigeki Abe, Seiya Sugawara1994 Volume 37 Issue 5 Pages 365-370
Published: May 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA 67-year-old man had a 20-year history of diabetes mellitus. His deabetic condition had been controlled fairly well before and after admission. Left emphysematous pyelonephritis was incidentally found during examinations to determine the cause of prolonged anorexia. He had no continuous fever, pain or oliguria. Gas was clearly observed in the renal parenchyma and perirenal space on abdominal plain film and abdominal CT. No stenosis or obstruction of the renal vein and artery of the affected side was demonstrated by angiographical examination. Culture of pus from the perirenal space revealed Klebsiella pneumoniae. Drainage under ultrasonographic guidance and antibiotics were effective in this case and conservative therapy was continued for several months. Surgical therapy has been performed in most previously reported cases of emphysematous pyelonephritis because of the rapid exacerbation of symptoms and relatively poor prognosis. However, recent progress in antibiotics and the spread of interventional techniques with ultrasound may permit the choice of conservative therapy in many cases.View full abstractDownload PDF (3688K) -
Tsutomu Kanda, Masahiko Wada, Yoshitaka Ishigami, Mariko Kurotobi, Mak ...1994 Volume 37 Issue 5 Pages 371-377
Published: May 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe experienced an insulin-requiring NIDDM patient whose glucose tolerance deteriorated 4 days after the initiation of interferon-α(6MU/day) therapy for type C chronic active hepatitis.
The patient, a 62-year-old man, was diagnosed as having NIDDM in 1976. He was admitted to our hospital in November of 1988 and thereafter maintained good control with oral hypoglycemic agents (OHA). The diagnosis of type C chronic hepatitis was made in September of 1992. The levels of postprandial plasma glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) increased following the administration of interferon-α(INF). After the therapeutic modality of diabetes mellitus was changed from OHA to preprandial injection of the short-acting insulin (three times per day), the levels of HbA1c and postprandial plasma glucose started to decrease and strict glycemic control was attained. It became possible to revert to OHA after the cessation of INF therapy.
In this case, there were no changes in the insulinogenic index on 75 gram oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) or fasting counterregulatory hormones during or after INF therapy, while glucose tolerance was aggravated on OGTT and euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp study (95mg/dl, 200μU/ml), using an artificial endocrine pancreas, revealed that the glucose disposal rate in peripheral tissue improved from 6.9mg/kg/min to 8.2mg/kg/min after the discontinuation of INF therapy.
These observations indicate that the deterioration of glucose tolerance in this case was probably due to increased insulin resistance induced by the administration of INF.View full abstractDownload PDF (3183K) -
Patients-Evaluated by Doppler Echography and Laser Blood FlowmetryMichiko Asano, Yukichi Okuda, Masakazu Mizutani, Hirohito Sone, Yoko T ...1994 Volume 37 Issue 5 Pages 379-382
Published: May 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNon-insulin dependent diabetic patients were studied to evaluate the effects of Beraprost sodium (sodium (±)-(1R, 2R, 3aS, 8bS)-2, 3, 3a 8b-tetrahydro-2-hydroxy-1-[(E)-(3S)-3-hydroxy-4-methyl-I-octen-6-ynyl]-1H-cyclopenta [b] benzofuran-5-butyrate) which is a stable analogue of PGI2, as a vasodilater and anti-platelet agent. Hemodynamic effects of this durg on the dorsal pedis artery were examined using a new real-time two-dimensional Doppoler echography techncque and laser blood flowmetry. Before, and 60 min and 90 min after, oral administration of Beraprost sodium (Dolne(R) 40μ, g) and Elastase (Elaszym (R) 1800 U), the cross-sectional area (A rea) of the dorsal pedis artery and its blood flow index (BFI), calculated from maximum flow velocity and area, were determined. Dermal microcirulatory blood vloume (MCBV) was also measured using the laser blood flowmeter. In the Beraprost sodium group, the area and the BFI were significantly increased. MCBV was also significantly increased. In the Elastase group, no significant changes were observed.(Talbe 2) From these results, it is suggested that Berarost sodium has beneficial effects on diabetic macro-and microangiopathy.View full abstractDownload PDF (520K) -
1994 Volume 37 Issue 5 Pages 383-391
Published: May 30, 1994
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1972K)
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