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Volume 38, Issue 11
Displaying 1-12 of 12 articles from this issue
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Osamu Tomonaga, Tetsuya Babazono, Chieko Takahashi, Satoshi Teraoka, K ...1995 Volume 38 Issue 11 Pages 839-846
Published: November 30, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo determine the effects of pancreas transplantation on counterregulation, we examined plasma glucose, glucagon, and epinephrine responses to insulin-induced hypoglycemia in six pancreas and kidney recipients (PK; 35±4 years, mean±SD) in comparison with the corresponding data from four diabetic patients after solitary kidney transplantation (K; 35±6), five diabetic patients receiving hemodialysis (H; 32±8), and 10 normal individuals (N; 30±2). We also performed cardiovascular reflex tests to evaluate the function of the autonomic nervous system. The incremental glucagon levels 40min after insulin injection were significantly greater in the PK (63±22pg/ml, mean±SE) than in the H (6±10) group, and also greater than those observed in the N (38±7) and K (15±7) groups. Although plasma epinephrine responses in the K and H groups were delayed, the responses of the PK group were similar to those of the N group. Glucose recovery from hypoglycemia, in the PK group, was greater than those in the K and H groups. Autonomic nervous system function in the PK group, judged by cardiovascular reflex tests, was superior to those in the K and H groups. The results suggest that pancreas transplantation markedly improves the disturbed counterregulatory responses in IDDM, and also suggest that the normalization of glycemic control and amelioration of autonomic neuropathy lead to improved responses.View full abstractDownload PDF (1467K) -
Mikiko Kawaguchi, Keiichiro Tanigawa, Yuzuru Kato1995 Volume 38 Issue 11 Pages 847-852
Published: November 30, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 04, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe examined the effect of maternal diabetes on celluar proliferation in the neural tube during organogenesis in rat embryos. Female Wistar rats were made diabetic by streptozotocin (45mg/kg BW, iv) on day 0 of pregnancy. Control rats received citrate buffer. On day 10.54 (13: 00) or 11.54 (13: 00) of gestation, rats received 5-bramo-2-deoxy uridine (BrdU, 50mg/kg BW, ip), and embryos were obtained 1-h later by cesarean section. BrdU immunostaining of tissue sections of the prosencephalon was performed. Both protein and DNA content were signlficantly (p<0.0001) lower in diabetic embryos than in control embryos on day 11.6 of gestation (protein: 377.2±7.0 vs.4743±10.5μg, DNA: 253±0.6 vs.32.3±0.8μg), whereas there were no differences between control and diabetic embryos on day 10.6 of gestation. The labeling index of BrdU-positive cells in the neural tube was lower in control embryos than in diabetic embryos on day 11.6 of gestation (45.9±1.4vs. 56.9±1.4%).These data suggest that growth retardation in diabetic rat embryos appears after day 10.6 of gestation.View full abstractDownload PDF (4520K) -
Tetsuro Kamada1995 Volume 38 Issue 11 Pages 853-860
Published: November 30, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSurface lipid layer fluidity in LDL from both normal and diabetic subjects was measured by a spin label method using three different stearate spin labels, 5-, 12-and 16-SAL, which represent fluidity at different lipid layer depths.
Fluidity measured with 12-and 16-SAL which represent fluidity in the deeper portion was lower in LDL from diabetic subjects than in that from normal subjects. No difference was found in 5-SAL which represents fluidity in shallower portions. Contents of free cholesterol, as well as triglyceride and free cholesterol to phospholipid (fC/PL) ratios, in LDL were significantly higher in diabetics than normal subjects. The polyunsaturated to saturated (P/S) ratio of phospholipid acyl chains of LDL was significantly lower in diabetics than in normal subjects. The fC/PL ratio was negatively and P/S ratio was positively correlated with the fluidity measured with 12-and 16 SAL, respectively. Moreover, fluidity measured with the both SALs was negatively correlated to the levels of HbA1c and fasting plasma glucose.
LDL surface fluidity plays an important role in the metabolism of LDL, such that lowered fluidity is suggested to be related to abnormal metabolism of LDL in diabetic patients.View full abstractDownload PDF (1402K) -
The Influence of Hyperinsulinemia in Salt-Sensitive Dahl RatsYuichi Murakawa, Yutaka Mori, Junichi Yokoyama, Shouichi Hata, Shuichi ...1995 Volume 38 Issue 11 Pages 861-868
Published: November 30, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMale Dahl salt sensitive (S) and salt resistant (R) rats aged 8 weeks were randomly divided into two groups and respectively fed high-sucrose diet (HS) and high-fiber diet (HF) until 16 weeks of age. Moreover, a Dahl S rat group which was fed the HS containing 0.2% troglitazone, which potentiates insulin action and reduces insulin resistance, was designed. The body weights and plasma insulin levels in HS-fed groups significantly increased compared with those in HF-fed groups in both Dahl S and R rats. In Dahl S rats fed the HS diet, the plasma insulin levels and systolic blood pressure (BP) were significantly higher than those in Dahl S rats fed the HF diet. In contrast, hyperinsulinemia did not influence systolic BP in Dahl R rats. The troglitazone treatment in Dahl S rats abolished hyperinsulinemia and hyperinsulinemia-induced elevations in systolic BP.
In conclusion, hyperinsulinemia may contribute to elevations of systolic BP oniy in the salt-sensitive madel.View full abstractDownload PDF (1228K) -
Seiji Suzuki, Yukichi Okuda, Yukari Asakura, Tokue Katori, Chieko Bann ...1995 Volume 38 Issue 11 Pages 869-874
Published: November 30, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe experienced a 22-year-old diabetic patient with prolactinoma. After hypophysectomy, he developed easy fatigability, polydipsia and polyuria in July of 1992. He visited us and was diagnosed as having diabetes mellitus. He was admitted to our hospital in December of 1992.
Initially, he was treated with diet and oral hypoglycemic agents. His plasma glucose was well controlled by diet and exercise therapy.
Because of the residual pituitary adenoma with increased plasma prolactin levels, he was treated with bromocriptine. Soon thereafter, his plasma prolactin level decreased to within normal range. We examined glucose tolerance before and during the bromocriptine treatment. During this treatment, glucose intolerance and the plasma insulin response to 75g OGTT improved.
These data suggest that hyperprolactinemia may affect insulin secretion.View full abstractDownload PDF (2428K) -
Ken'ya Sakamoto, Tsuyoshi Shimonagata, Shinsuke Nanto, Motoyuki Iida, ...1995 Volume 38 Issue 11 Pages 875-880
Published: November 30, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA 57-year-old male with a 20-yr history of NIDDM and hypertension underwent dipyridamol-infusion (0.14mg/kg/min) thallium-201 scintigraphy to assess the possible presence of coronary artery disease, as the patient had demonstrated ischemic ST-T change on electrocardiogram. Dipyridamole-infusion thallium-201 scintigraphy showed transient perfusion defects in the infero-posterior wall of the left ventricle. Contrast left ventriculography showed reduced wall motion in the infero-posterior wall of the left ventricule despite normal coronary arteries documented by coronary arteriography. Myocardial SPECT imaging with thallium-201 and I-123 beta-methylp-iodophenyl pentadecanoicacid (BMIPP) revealed reduced I-123 BMIPP uptake compared with thallium-201 uptake in the infero-posterior wall, suggesting the impairment of myocardial free fatty acid metabolism in the regions with wall motion abnormality. These results suggest that small vessel disease and the impairment of myocardial free fatty acid metabolism are etiologic or contributory factors in regional wall motion abnormarity.View full abstractDownload PDF (6224K) -
Hiroyuki Itoh, Mitsuru Nishiyama, Yuzo Matsuda, Hidemi Hosogi, Kohtaro ...1995 Volume 38 Issue 11 Pages 881-886
Published: November 30, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 04, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA case of amoebic liver abscess complicating diabetes mellitus is reported. A 51 year-old male was hospitalized on March 30, 1994, because of anorexia and high fever. He had never been abroad, and there was no known history of homosexuality. A stool specimen was ++ positive for occult blood. The results of blood examinations were as follows; erythrocyte sedimentation rate, 50mm per hour; white-cell count, 17600/μl, ; GOT, 19; GPT, 25;γ-GTP, 127IU/l; CRP, +++ positive; blood glucose, 243mg/dl; and HbA1c, 7.7%. Abdominal echography revealed a round, nonhomogeneous, low echoic area in the right lobe of the liver. A hyposorbent area (7.5×6.5×10cm) was seen on CT scan. Administration of Cefotaxime was not effective, so percutaneous transhepatic abscess drainage (PTAD) was performed. On microscopical examination, Entamoeba histolytica was detected in pus from the abscess. He died on April 4, despite Metronidazole being administered briefly after the differential diagnosis. The clinical course and prognosis of this patient might have been influenced by immunodeficiency due to diabetes. We emphasize the possibility of an increase in similar cases because the incidences of entamoebiasis and diabetes mellitus have recently been increasing.View full abstractDownload PDF (4369K) -
Katsusuke Yamamoto, Sayuri Matsumoto, Masaaki Shima, Takehisa Yamamoto ...1995 Volume 38 Issue 11 Pages 887-892
Published: November 30, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe patient was brought to a hospital with fever and convulsions at 1 year of age. He was diagnosed as having nephrogenic diabetes inspidus (NDI) and was treated with a thiazide diuretic. From about 7 years of age, he began to become obese and at 10 years of age had gained a significant amount of weight. At that time, his fasting blood glucose (FBG) level was as high as 162mg/dl and the OGTT indicated a diabetic pattern. We diagnosed him as having non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). He showed no glycosuria during the episode. The association of NDI with NIDDM is rare and we found only 6 cases of DM among 84 Japanese cases of congenital NDI reported after 1983. The reason for the coexistence of these two forms of diabetes remains unknown. In our patient's family, his mother, aunt and grandfather all suffered from NIDDM. Thus, inherited factors and treatment with a thiazide diuretic may have contributed to his NIDDM. The lack of glycosuria suggests that it is necessary to measure the FBG or perform glucose loading tests in DI patients at risk for DM.View full abstractDownload PDF (883K) -
Shin-ichi Umezawa, Akira Kanamori, Keiji Tanaka, Yukari Jin, Masako No ...1995 Volume 38 Issue 11 Pages 893-899
Published: November 30, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA 19-year-old obese male had been diagnosed with pan-hypopituitarism, complete diabetes insipidus (DI), and hypothalamic hyperthermia after a craniotomy performed for craniopharyngioma four years previously. He also had adipsia after the operation. Since 1990, this patient had been re-admitted 3 times with a diagnosis of hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic coma (HHNC). Prior to each episode, he had had a common cold and had consumed a large quantity of sugar-containing soft drinks because of excessive dryness of the oral mucous membranes, but without thirst sensation. A 75-g oral glucose tolerance test showed impaired glucose tolerance with fasting hyperinsulinemia after discharge. Although the patient's fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c have always been within normal range, a state of hyperosmolarity and hypernatremia due to DI and adipsia has persistently been observed during the 5-year follow-up period after recovery from HHNC. We concluded that the pathophysiological mechanisms of HHNC underlying this case were as follows: 1) a persistent hyperosmolar state due to DI, adipsia, and hypothalamic hyperthermia; 2) glucose intolerance and insulin resistance; and 3) exacerbation of these factors due to viral infection and excessive consumption of sugar-containing soft drinks.View full abstractDownload PDF (1244K) -
Hisaya Tada, Hitoshi Kawai, Hiroyuki Ishii, Sho Isogai1995 Volume 38 Issue 11 Pages 901-904
Published: November 30, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: August 04, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHigh glucose concentrations cause increased synthesis of extracellular matrix proteins and prostaglandins in cultured mesangial cells. In order to determine whether D-α-tocopherol prevents glucose-induced mesangial malfunctions, we examined the effect of D-α-tocopherol on the production of fibronectin, type IV collagen and 6-keto prostaglandin F1α by cultured human mesangial cells exposed to normal and elevated glucose levels. The amount of fibronectin both secreted into the medium and accumulated with in the cells increased when glucose levels were raised from 5 to 33 mmol/l. The addition of 100μmol/l D-α-tocopherol prevented the glucose-stimulated increase in fibronectin production, and a similar was observed on mesangial cell secretion of type IV collagen. D-α-tocopherol also had an inhibitory effect on the glucose-induced increase in the release of 6-keto-prostaglandin F1α by mesangial cells. These findings suggest that D-α-tocopherol may mitigate diabetic glomerulosclerosis by ameliorating glucose-stimulated overproduction of extracellular matrix proteins and prostaglandin.View full abstractDownload PDF (453K) -
Yoshihiko Suzuki, Hitoshi Miyaoka, Yoshito Atsumi, Kazuhiro Hosokawa, ...1995 Volume 38 Issue 11 Pages 905-908
Published: November 30, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo determine the basis of psychiatric disturbances in patients with “diabetes mellitus due to 3243 mitochondrial tRNA mutation (DM-Mt3243)”, 15 subjects with the mutation (14 patients with diabetes and one patient with impaired glucose tolerance) were examined with questionnaires. None had typical clinical pictures of MELAS.
Result; Six patients consulted a psychiatrist. In clinical examinations using the DSM-III-R criteria, two patients were diagnosed as having phobic disorders, two major depressive disorders, one dysthymia, and one schizophrenia. Two had cryptogenic chest pain.
The remaining 9 patients refused to consult a psychiatrist. Among them, diabetologists diagnosed one patient as having a depressive episode and two as having sleeping disorders.
Thus, among the 15 subjects, nine patients suffered from mental disorders which were categorized into “functional psychosis”. In addition, five (33.3%) could not commute regularly to the hospital. Conclusion; While distinct encephalopathy was not observed, ambiguous psychiatric disorders possibly reflecting functional psychosis, were observed frequently in our DM-Mt3243 subjects. This observation suggests that psychiatric disturbances are associated with DM-Mt3243 and that mitochondrial dysfunction is important in the etiology of psychiatric disorders in diabetes.View full abstractDownload PDF (588K) -
1995 Volume 38 Issue 11 Pages 909-917
Published: November 30, 1995
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (2285K)
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