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Volume 24, Issue 9
Displaying 1-11 of 11 articles from this issue
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Kosei Ueda1981 Volume 24 Issue 9 Pages 877-890
Published: September 30, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo investigate the pathogenesis of hypertriglyceridemia and lipoprotein lipid abnormalities in patients with diabetes mellitus, measurements were made of the plasma lipids and lipoprotein composition as well as the hepatic lipase activity and lipoprotein lipase activity of postheparin plasma. For this purpose. 50 diabetic and 16 healthy nondiabetic subjects were evaluated. The diabetic subjects were divided into five groups according to the electrophoretic patterns of serum lipoprotein, as follows: Normal Group (normal pattern), Group IIa (type IIa), Group IIb (type IIb), Group III (type III), and Group IV (type IV). Ultracentrifugation was performed by Havel's method. Measurements of the hepatic and lipoprotein lipase activities were performed by the method of Krauss.
The following data were obtained.
1) The VLDL-cholesterol (Chol)/VLDL-triglyceride (TG) ratio in the Normal Group, Iia, III, and IV was higher than that in normal subjects. The LDL-Chol/LDL-TG ratio in Groups lib, III, and IV was lower than that in normal subjects. Thus, cholesterol rich-VLDL or triglyceride rich-LDL was found in diabetic subjects.
2) The postheparin plasma hepatic lipase activity in each diabetic group was lower than that in normal subjects. The postheparin plasma lipoprotein lipase activity in each diabetic group was similar to that in normal subjects. The postheparin hepatic lipase activity in Group III was lower than that in the other diabetic groups.
3) The postheparin plasma hepatic lipase activity showed negative correlations with the LDLTG and VLDL-Chol/VLDL-TG ratio.
Based on these results, it is concluded that accumulation of remnant particles occurs in diabetics, and that such accumulation of remnant particles is partly a consequence of low postheparin plasma hepatic lipase activity. Also, the hypertriglyceridemia observed in Group III is thought to be due in part to an increased concentration of remnants which may be consequence of the demonstrated low hepatic lipase activity.View full abstractDownload PDF (3135K) -
Hiraku Sugawara, Binkoh Yoda, Tohru Hirata, Yoshio Goto1981 Volume 24 Issue 9 Pages 891-896
Published: September 30, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSLipoperoxides have received considerable attention as a causal factor in aging, atherosclerosis and other degenerative changes. Elevated levels of plasma lipoperoxides have been reported in diabetes mellitus by several researchers. In particular, diabetics with vascular complications tend to show higher plasma lipoperoxide levels. In the present study, the plasma lipoperoxide levels in 136 diabetics and 171 normal subjects were determined and the relationship between the plasma lipoperoxide levels and diabetic angiopathy was tested.
1) The plasma lipoperoxide levels were found to increase with age up to 50 years old in diabetics and normal subjects, and no difference between the groups was observed under 50 years of age.
2) The lipoperoxide levels in the plasma of diabetic patients over 50 years old with either hyperlipidemia or ischemic heart disease, were significantly higher than those in cases without the complications.
3) In female diabetic patients over 50 years old with calcification of the aorta, the lipoperoxide levels were significantly higher than those in cases without this complication.
These results indicate that diabetic patients with macroangiopathy tend to show higher plasma lipoperoxide levels. Vascular complications play an important role in the prognosis of diabetes. Prostacyclin has the most potent antiaggregating activity on platelets. Decreased prostacyclin levels have recently been reported in the arterial walls of diabetic patients and were regarded as a possible cause of the diabetic angiopathy. On the other hand, the inhibitory effect of lipoperoxides on prostacyclin synthesis in the vessel wall has been demonstrated. In this context, the increased levels of plasma lipoperoxides in diabetics are of particular interest.View full abstractDownload PDF (917K) -
Masato Tominaga, Naofumi Hamasaki, Yutaka Tokumori, Tadasu Ikeda, Akir ...1981 Volume 24 Issue 9 Pages 897-900
Published: September 30, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt has been reported that diabetics with positive CPAF (Chlorpropamide Alcohol Flushing) reveal less diabetic retinopathy than those with negative CPAF. Since it seemed possible that flushing with Nicomol, a derivative of nicotinic acid, might have the same significance as CPAF, the relationship between the presence of Nicomol Flushing and the frequency of diabetic retinopathy was studied.
The results obtained were as follows.
1) The amount of positive Nicomol Flushing was 13 % in normals, 9.1 % in insulin dependent diabetics and 32.2 % in non-insulin dependent diabetics.
2) The frequency of diabetic retinopathy was 27.6% in diabetics with positive Nicomol Flushing and 68.4% in those with negative Nicomol Flushing (p<0.001).
3) The mean values for both the age and duration of diabetes were not significantly different between the two groups of diabetics with positive and negative Nicomol Flushing.
The Nicomol Flushing appears to suggest the involvement of some factor in relation to the occurrence of diabetic retinopathy.View full abstractDownload PDF (596K) -
Tadasu Ikeda, Naofumi Hamasaki, Yutaka Tokumori, Akira Takeda, Masato ...1981 Volume 24 Issue 9 Pages 901-906
Published: September 30, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to elucidate the role of glucagon in glucose intolerance in hyperthyroidism, the serum insulin and plasma glucagon responses in oral glucose tolerance tests (O-GTT) and intravenous glucose tolerance tests (IV-GTT) were investigated in 20 patients with hyperthyroidism. The patients were divided into three groups: normal O-GTT, borderline O-GTT, and diabetic O-GTT groups. Summations were made of the changes in blood sugar (ΣΔBS, ), insulin (ΣΔIRI), and glucagon (ΣΔIRG) at each minute (30, 60, 120, and 180 min in O-GTT and 1, 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 30 min in IV-GTT) from the fasting level.
In O-GTT, both ΣΔIRI/ΣΔBs and-ΣΔIRG/ΣΔBS in the borderline and diabetic O-GTT groups were significantly lower than those in controls. In IV-GTT, ΣΔIRI/ΣΔBS and-, ΣΔIRG/ΣΔBS in the diabetc O-GTT group were significantly lower than those in controls.
These results suggest that impaired insulin and glucagon responses to glucose exert some influence on glucose intolerance in hyperthyroidism.View full abstractDownload PDF (813K) -
Relationship between Clinical Pictures and Insulin RequirementaShigeru Kageyama, Kageki Ito, Makoto Ohno, Shigeru Saito, Yoshio Ikeda ...1981 Volume 24 Issue 9 Pages 907-913
Published: September 30, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwenty insulin-requiring diabetic subjects (4 with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 16 with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM)) aged from 14 to 65 yr were maintained within a normal blood glucose range using an artificial endocrine pancreas (Biostator®) for 24 hr. The total insulin requirements (U/day) and basal insulin requirements (U/hr) needed from 0 am to 3 am were determined, and the relationship between the clinical pictures and insulin requirements was analyzed.
The patients were given a standard diet of identical size and composition at each meal (25-30 kcal/kg/day). The pancreatic β-cell function, in terms of the ΣCPR in 50g OGTT, was observed in advance and HbAI was determined prior to the feedback control. The ΣCPRs of all the IDDM subjects and 6 of the NIDDM subjects were less than 5 ng/ml, and those of the remaining 10 NIDDM subjects were 5 to 10 ng/ml.
Both the total and basal insulin requirements in IDDM and NIDDM were comparable (60.5 ± 15.7 U/day, 1.33 ± 0.31 U/hr in IDDM and 57.6 ± 28.2 U/day, 1.19 ± 1.13 U/hr in NIDDM, respectively). Regarding NIDDM, the total and basal insulin requirements in 6 subjects with ΣCPR less than 5 ng/ml were 73.5 ± 27.1 U/day and 1.88 ± 1.17 U/hr, and those in 10 subjects with ΣCPR 5-10 ng/ml were 48.0 ± 25.5 U/day and 0.78 ± 0.93 U/hr, respectively. Both the total and basal insulin requirements were high in those subjects with ΣCPR less than 5 ng/ml as compared to those with ΣCPR 5-10 ng/ml (p<0.10).
There was a significant correlation between the total insulin requirements and HMI (r=0.66, n=20, p<0.01), and between the basal insulin requirements and HbAi (r=0.44, n=20, p<0.10) in both IDDM and NIDDM.
It was thus shown that a long-term glycemic control level, in terms of HbAi, strongly affected the insulin requirements and hence the glycemic control with subsequent insulin economy.View full abstractDownload PDF (1108K) -
A Ten-year Follow-up StudyAkira Sasaki, Takaichiro Suzuki, Naruto Horiuchi, Masuko Uehara1981 Volume 24 Issue 9 Pages 915-921
Published: September 30, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAlthough the prognosis of diabetic patients has been largely improved since the introduction of insulin for the treatment of diabetes the longevity of diabetics still appears to be shorter than that of the general population. The present study was performed to determine the survival rate of diabetics in Japan. The subjects studied comprised 507 people who received OGTT and other examinations for cardiovascular complications, because of postprandial glycosuria in an epidemiological survey of diabetes carried out in 1964-1965, in a town of Osaka Prefecture.
1) The 10-year observed survival rates of subjects with a normal or borderline type of OGTT, according to the criteria recommended by the Japan Diabetic Society, failed to differ from the 10-year expected survival rates. The observed survival rate of subjects with advanced diabetes was markedly decreased, while that of subjects with mild diabetes did not differ from the expected survival rate.
2) The serum glucose levels, F≥160 mg/dl, 1-h≥300 mg/dl, 2-h≥260 mg/dl, and glucose area≥750 mg/dl were associated with a decrease in the 10-year relative survival rate.
3) The presence of hypertension, ischemic ECG changes and albuminuria, when accompanied by glucose intolerance, was also correlated with a decrease in the relative survival rate.
4) During the 10-year follow-up period, a total of 111 deaths was observed, and cardiovascular diseases were the major causes of death in each group. The risk of dying from cardiovascular diseases, however, was significantly increased in the borderline group as well as in the diabetic group. Cerebrovascular disease and diseases of the heart behaved in a similar manner. Cirrhosis of the liver was more frequent in the two groups.View full abstractDownload PDF (1068K) -
Significance of Electrocardiographic Findings in Diabetic Patients Studied by Coronary ArteriographyYoshikazu Hiasa, Kenzo Iwano, Tsukasa Aihara, Masaaki Bando, Yoshihiro ...1981 Volume 24 Issue 9 Pages 923-930
Published: September 30, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDiabetes mellitus (DM) is widely recognized to be associated with a high incidence of coronary artery disease. On the other hand our experience has revealed some DM patients with abnormal electrocardiograms (ECGs) who showed no significant stenosis on coronary arteriograms. We studied the cause of the ECG abnormalities of DM patients with no coronary stenosis, and examined the rhythm disturbances of those with coronary artery stenosis. The ECGs of 40 normotensive DM patients who showed arteriographically no coronary stenosis and also of 65 patients with coronary stenosis were compared with those of respective non-diabetic controls.
In patients with no significant coronary stenosis, the incidence of abnormal ECGs at rest was 55.0%(22 cases) in DM and 27.5%(11 cases) in controls (p<0.05). The positivities of the double Master's two step test were 35.0%(14 cases) in DM and 10.0%(4 cases) in controls (p<0.01). No relationships were observed between the ECG abnormalities and left ventriculographic findings. In DM patients with no significant coronary stenosis, retinopathy of stage II or more on Scott's classification was seen more frequently in patiens with abnormal ECGs (13 of 20 cases) than in those with normal ECGs (4 of 14 cases)(p<0.05). The incidence of abnormal ECGs increased with increasing years of DM history. In patients with arteriographically significant coronary stenosis, the incidence of rhythm disturbances was significantly higher in DM (22 cases, 33.3%) than in controls (6 cases, 9.1%)(p<0.001).
These observations suggest that the ECG abnormalities in DM patients with no coronary stenosis may reflect myocardial damage probably due to diabetic cardiomyopathy. Furthermore, it was apparent from the data that DM patients with coronary stenosis showed rhythm disturbances at a high rate.View full abstractDownload PDF (1386K) -
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...1981 Volume 24 Issue 9 Pages 931-936
Published: September 30, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS -
Yoshihiro Moriyama, Tokio Sanke, Michi Kondo, Kishio Nanjo, Kazuhiko O ...1981 Volume 24 Issue 9 Pages 937-942
Published: September 30, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNew diagnostic criteria were proposed by the “National Diabetes Data Group” of NIH in 1979 for the purpose of international standardization of the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. In Japan, the diagnostic criteria proposed by the Japan Diabetic Society for 50g OGTT have been widely popularized. In the present study, we compared the responses of the plasma glucose and insulin concentrations during OGTTs with 50g and 75g loads in subjects with normal or slightly impaired glucose tolerance, and also compared the two sets of diagnostic criteria.
The following results were obtained.
(1) In normal subjects, the plasma glucose responses during the OGTTs were almost identical with 50g and 75g loads, while in subjects with slightly impaired glucose tolerance, the plasma glucose responses during 75g OGTT were higher than those during 50g OGTT and the plasma glucose value at 120 min was statistically higher.
(2) A few subjects with proven diabetic retinopathy have been overlooked by being classified as mild cases according to the criteria proposed by the “National Diabetes Data Group” of NIH.
(3) Taking a plasma glucose level of greater than or equal to 210 mg/dl at 1 hr, and also of greater than or equal to 140mg/dl at 2 hr during 50g OGTT as a new definition of the diabetic state, the results of 50g OGTT appear to be compatible with the new criteria for diabetes mellitus of NIH employing 75g OGTT.View full abstractDownload PDF (1046K) -
Isao Murakami, Naofumi Hamasaki, Yutaka Tokumori, Tadasu Ikeda, Masato ...1981 Volume 24 Issue 9 Pages 943-945
Published: September 30, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to assess their usefulness for studying endocrine and exocrine pancreatic functions at the same time, the PFD test and 50g O-GTT were performed together in 41 subjects.
The results obtained were as follows.
1) The PFD test had no effect on the blood sugar response in 50g O-GTT, and 50g O-GTT had no effect on the urinary excretion rate of PABA (6 hours).
2) The urinary excretion pattern of PABA was delayed, but the urinary excretion rate of PABA (6 hours) exceeded 70% in 30 subjects with normal O-GTT.
These results suggest that the PFD test with 50g O-GTT represents a usefull means for studying endocrine and exocrine pancreatic functions at the same time.View full abstractDownload PDF (347K) -
1981 Volume 24 Issue 9 Pages 947-960
Published: September 30, 1981
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (2948K)
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