The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between finger and gingival capillary blood glucose levels using a blood glucose meter and to assess the clinical usefulness of gingival glucose level measurements.
Concerning all44participants, probing pocket depth (PD), attachment level (AL), debris index (Dl), gingival index (GI) and body mass index (BMI) were measured and the presence of diabetes mellitus and of pain irritation during collection of blood samples were questioned. Capillary blood glucose levels were measured by the blood glucose meter.
Results revealed that glucose values from the finger and the gingiva showed excellent correlations by various groups such as age, sex, BMI, presence of diabetes mellitus, AL, GI and hour of measurement (r=0.980).
The present findings suggest that the dentist can collect gingival capillary blood painlessly during a routine dental visit and measure gingival blood glucose levels using the glucose meter.

View full abstract

We investigated whether small dense low-density lipoprotein (LDL), an atherogenic lipoprotein, and lipid components may affect atherosclerotic vascular disease in pattjents with NIDDM. Subjects were 26 healthy controls and 118 patients with NIDDM. NIDDM patients were subdivided into four groups. 23, without atherosclerotic vascular disease, 59, with coronary heart disease (CHD), 16, with cerebrovascular disease (CVD), and 20, with arteriosclerosis obliterans in the lower limbs (ASO). After overnight fasting, LDL particle diameter was measured using the method by Krauss, pattern B (small dense LDL) was defined as a LDL particle diameter of less than25.5nm. Diabetic patients possessed lipoproteins richer in triglyceride and smaller in LDL particle diameter compared to the control. Pattern B was associated with CHD (odds ratio 2.96, 95% confidence interval 1.13 to7.74, p<0.05) and ASO (odds ratio 3.51, 95% confidence interval 1.03 to 11.9, p<0.05) in NIDDM patients. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that LDL particle diameter was determined by very low-density lipoprotein-triglyceride (VLDL-TG) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). In conclusion, LDL particles were small in NIDDM patients regardless of the presence or absence and the type of atherosclerotic diseases.

View full abstract

[in Japanese]

View full abstract

A64-year-old woman had two daughters with congenital general lipoatrophic diabetes who died from renal failure in their early thirties. The patient was married to her cousin and had type 2 diabetes onset at59 years of age. She was first treated by sulfonyl urea and thereafter by injectable insulin since visiting our clinic at 64 years of age. Her husband had diabetes mellitus and many other familiy members suffered from diabetes mellitus and/or cancer of the stomach, colon, or pancreas. She showed severe insulin resistance as determined by hyperinsulinemic glucose clamp test. Her blood glucose level was controled by troglitazone although she developed as a side effect edema which resulted in discontinuance of the drug. The inheritance of congenital lipoatrophic diabetes is known to be autosomal recessive, however, in this family, diabetes mellitus and/or cancer of the digestive organs develoved in the heterozygotes. PPARγ, a nuclear hormone receptor, is an adipogenic regulator and thiazolidinedione receptor. It has been reported that PPARγ activation may modify the development of colon tumors in some mice. There may be a genetic abnormality, especially gene related to PPARγ, in this family.

View full abstract

To clarify the relationship between insulin resistance and QTc interval, we measured QTc interval and HbA1c before and8weeks after troglitazone (TRO, 400mg/day) or voglibose (0.6mg/day) treatment in 24patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. No significant change in the QTc interval was observed in either group, but the ΔQTc [=QTc (after TRO) QTc (before TRO)] correlated significantly with the ΔHbA_1c [=HbA_1c (after TRO)-HbA1c (before TRO)] in the TRO group (r=0.606, p<0.05). These results suggest that TRO may shorten the QTc interval in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus

View full abstract

[in Japanese]

View full abstract