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Volume 18, Issue 1
Displaying 1-16 of 16 articles from this issue
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Youichi Sugiyama, Yoshimasa Kozuka, Hiroaki Tamura, Yoshiharu Akazawa1975 Volume 18 Issue 1 Pages 1-10
Published: January 31, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1) Objective
Recently there has been an increasing number of pregnant diabetics in Japan as in many other developed countries. Pregnancy normally involves marked endocrinolo3ic and metabolic changes. Coexisting diabetes is therefore likely to have significant influence on both the maternal body and the fetus. While the fact that pregnancy is diabetogenic is of metabolic interest, the chronic fetal distress that may occur in pregnant diabetics is of obstetrical importance. The present study was undertaken to investigate the control of pregnant diabetics from the obstetric and diabetic standpoints.
2) Method
Fifteen normal nonpregnant women, 56 normal pregnant women and 11 pregnant diabetics (falling into class A or B according to White's classification) were used in this study. A glucose tolerance test (GTT) was performed and blood sugar, IRI response and ΔIRI/ΔBS were measured on all subjects. For the pregnant diabetic obstetrical linings were noted. Also urinary estriol, serum HPL and serum HCG were determined serially during the terminal stage of pregnancy.
3) Results
Blood glucose and IRI response curves varied during the GTT with different groups of subjects. In normal pregnancy the IRI response increased from the first to the second and on into the third trimester. In class A pregnant diabetics the IRI response was delayed in elevation. In class B-diabetics the IRI response curve was low and the ΔIRI/ΔBS also was low. Serum HPL and serum HCG were elevated at times in the presence of diabetes, but in some cases they decreased after the 35th week of pregnancy. In well controlled diabetics the urine estriol level was stationary throughout pregnancy, but it began to decline from the 36th week in some cases and remained about 10mg/day in others. Infants of mothers with placental dysfunction were not viable due to various complications. From these results it was concluded that monitoring of endocrine function is essential for the successful control of pregnant diabetics.View full abstractDownload PDF (1752K) -
Nobuo Sakamoto, Nigishi Hotta, Makoto Nagashima, Hironobu Kakuta, Akih ...1975 Volume 18 Issue 1 Pages 11-21
Published: January 31, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThree cases of remittent young diabetics about 50% overweight following ketoacidosis are described here. When3 subjects, 17 to 28 years, were given dietetic treatment only, the remission following the reduction of body weight occured in from 6 months to 3 years.
Studies of oral glucose and intravenous tolbutamide loads were made at different intervals (at the onset of diabetes mellitus, at the early stage of remission and during the remission). Following these loads, the changes of glucose, lactate, total ketone bodies, IRI and HGH in serum were observed. The relationships between metabolic changes and hormone balance were studied.
The results demonstrated that clinical remission is characterized by a return of endogenous insulin and pointed to the potentially reversible nature of beta cell dysfunction. In addition to this, the results suggested that the insulin effect may be enhanced by an increased peripheral sensitivity at the time of remission and that obesity is associated with a progressive increase in the insulin response following overnutrition.
In conclusion, it is clear that when dietetic treatment, oral drugs or insulin are given soon after the manifestation of diabetes mellitus, the patients are protected against the irreversible damage of beta cell function. Consequently, it results in the improvement of the condition of the patient.View full abstractDownload PDF (1779K) -
Atsuo Kawai, Nobusada Kuzuya1975 Volume 18 Issue 1 Pages 22-28
Published: January 31, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWhen rat adipose tissue was incubated with 270μU insulin, its stimulatory action on glucose metabolism appeared one hour after the start of the incubation, while an inhibitory action of cortisol on glucose metabolism was demonstrated as late as 2hrs. after its addition to the medium. When fat pads were incubated with cortisol and insulin, the latter action persisted without any suppression by cortisol.
When the tissue was preincubated with cortisol for more than 30 min, however, the stimulatory action of insulin which was subsequently added to the medium was substantially decreased. Thus, the longer the preincubation of the adipose tissue with cortisol was, the more greatly cortisol antagonized insulin action. An inhibitory action of cortisol on glucose metabolism was clearly demonstrated in adipose tissues treated with trypsin under conditions where the stimulatory action of insulin was abolished. When epinephrin 10-5M, which itself showed an inhibitory action on uptake of glucose by adipose cells, was added to the incubation medium concomitantly with cortisol 10-5M, there was seen a synergism between inhibitory actions of both hormones.These data may indicate that the antagonism between cortisol and insulin is not based upon a competition for a receptor on the adipose cell membrane but upon their interaction at a site in the adenyl cyclase system of homone action.View full abstractDownload PDF (997K) -
I. The Duration of the Hypoglycemic EffectToshio Kasama, Hisayo Nakajima, Shoichi Yonezawa, Tamotsu Iiyama, Mich ...1975 Volume 18 Issue 1 Pages 29-33
Published: January 31, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe duration of the hypoglycemic effect of Monocomponent insulin (MI) was examinedcompared with conventional insulin (CI) in normal rabbits and rabbits immunized with beef insulin.
Using neutral soluble insulin preparations, there was no differrence for the maximal rate and duration of the hypoglycemic effect between the MI and the CI in the normal and immunized rabbits, but in the immunized rabbits the hypoglycemic effect of both insulin preparations was delayed as compared with normal rabbits.
On the other hand, using insulin zinc suspension preparations, in the normal rabbits, the maximal hypoglycemic response to MI was almost the same as that of CI, but the duration of the effect was shorter with MI than with CI. In immunized rabbits, the action of MI was slightly delayed. The maximal hypoglycemic response to the CI injection was apparently decreased and its effect continued weakly for a long time.
It was assumed that these phenomena observed with the insulin zinc suspensions were due to the different origins of the MI (made of pork crystalline insulin 70 and pork amorphous insulin30) and the CI (made of beef crystalline 70 and pork amorphous 30), and that the delay of insulin effect in the immunized rabbits was caused by weak binding of the pork insulin to the antibeef insulin antibody.View full abstractDownload PDF (711K) -
[in Japanese]1975 Volume 18 Issue 1 Pages 36-40
Published: January 31, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]1975 Volume 18 Issue 1 Pages 41-46
Published: January 31, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japane ...1975 Volume 18 Issue 1 Pages 46-51
Published: January 31, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]1975 Volume 18 Issue 1 Pages 51-57
Published: January 31, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
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[in Japanese]1975 Volume 18 Issue 1 Pages 57-62
Published: January 31, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
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1975 Volume 18 Issue 1 Pages 62-70
Published: January 31, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
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[in Japanese]1975 Volume 18 Issue 1 Pages 71-75
Published: January 31, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
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[in Japanese], [in Japanese]1975 Volume 18 Issue 1 Pages 75-78
Published: January 31, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
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[in Japanese]1975 Volume 18 Issue 1 Pages 78-80
Published: January 31, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
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[in Japanese]1975 Volume 18 Issue 1 Pages 80-83
Published: January 31, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
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[in Japanese]1975 Volume 18 Issue 1 Pages 83-84
Published: January 31, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
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1975 Volume 18 Issue 1 Pages 85-95
Published: January 31, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
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