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Volume 18, Issue 3
Displaying 1-13 of 13 articles from this issue
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Yasuhiro Tamai, Takahiro Kanatsuna, Hiroyuki Hasegawa, Kazumasu Nakaji ...1975 Volume 18 Issue 3 Pages 201-208
Published: May 31, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFollow up observations of fluorescein fundus angiograms in 53 diabetics and 23 patients with chronic liver disease were studied to investigate the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. It was found that (1) frequency of abnomal findings (microaneurysm, leakage of fluorescein and pseudo-dilatation of the capillaries) from fluorescein fundus angiograms in diabetics showed no relationship to age, sex, obesity index or duration of disease;(2) microaneurysms were found in almost all cases with abnomal fluorescein angioram, while small leakage of fluorescein was found more frequently in patients with liver disease than those with diabetes;(3) diabetics who showed regression of abnormal findings in fluorescein fundus angiograms, improvement in glucose tolerance, and increase in 30 min.ΔIRI/ΔBS (insulin increments, pU/ml/glucose increments, mg/dl) were found in the group of patients under good clinical control;(4) in patients with liver disease, regression of abnormal findings was very rare;(5) diabetic microangiopathy was obseved in patients with diabetes mellitus, as well as in secondary diabetics accompanied by chronic liver disease. According to their data, it seemed to be reasonable to explain that the occurence of microangiopathy in secondary diabetics was due to a relative insulin deficiency in these patients.View full abstractDownload PDF (1447K) -
Masaji Takeda, Kyohei Nakano, Shigetaka Miki, Yukiko Fujii, Ichiro Tan ...1975 Volume 18 Issue 3 Pages 209-216
Published: May 31, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the past 7 years, the authors had experience with utilizing 15 diabetic patients who had hypoglycemic comas during oral therapy by hypoglycemic agents (sulfonylurea derivatives). Most of the patients (11 male, 4 female), ranged in age from 44 to 74 years and were slender. Almost half of them were classified as the “occult type” of diabetes (moderate or mild hyperglycemia according to GTT, with a high renal threshold for sugar). The severity of their diabetes was moderate or mild and no mortalities resulted from the hypoglycemia.
In about a half of these patients, the hypoglycemic coma happened two or three times in one or two days, and the blood glucose concentration in those episodes was less than 45 mg/d/in every case. Duration of the coma ranged from 30 minutes to 8 hours.
As a result of the laboratory examinations, 10 of the 15 patients were found to have some degree of liver disorder which had not been found before the episode, though sulfonyl ureas were continuously given. Recovery from these disorders took place a short time after the episode;.
From the clinical observations above, the authors suggested that playing an important role in the cause of the liver disorders be considered as hypoglycemic coma during treatment by sulfonyl ureas.View full abstractDownload PDF (1430K) -
Yoshisuke Maruhama, Akira Yanbe, Ryuzo Abe, Akira Ohneda, Shoichi Yama ...1975 Volume 18 Issue 3 Pages 217-223
Published: May 31, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEffects of administration of clofibrate upon heparin-induced lipoprotein lipase activity were studied in diabetic patients with endogenous hypertriglyceridemia.
Clofibrate administration, (1500mg, daily) for 15-20days, induced a significant increase in the lipoprotein lipase activity and a significant reduction of the plasma triglyceride level. A single administration of the drug (590mg) did not affect the lipoprotein lipase activity despite the elevation of plasma clofibrate level similar to the elevation during the periodic administration. There was no significant correlation between the increase in the lipoprotein lipase activity and the decrease in plasma triglyceride following the periodic clofibrate administration.
Thus, clofibrate seems to influence indirectly the heparin-induced lipoprotein lipase activity.View full abstractDownload PDF (2080K) -
Akira Takeda, Yukimasa Hirata1975 Volume 18 Issue 3 Pages 224-228
Published: May 31, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe number of schools (elementary, junior high, high schools and other schools for children) in Tottori Prefecture was 285 in the year 1972. In December of that year, a total of 103, 092 pupils were listed in these schools. Questionnaires were sent to all of the the schools, and 234 (82%) answered our questions concerning diabetic patients among the pupils in each school. The 85, 584 children in those 234 corresponded to 83% of the total number pupils in the prefecture. According to the answers from the 234 schools, nine patients among the 85, 584 pupils were treated for diabetes in that December. These patients, their family doctors and their school nurses were interviewed and the data in the answers from the schools was confirmed.
Nine of the diabetic patients were between the ages of 7 and 18. 3 were males and 6 females. In these 85, 584 pupils the incidence of diabetes was about 0.01%.
Insulin was administered in 5 of the cases nd iral hypoglycemic agents in the other 4. Three of the female patients treated with c al ypoglycemic agents had diabetic mothers.View full abstractDownload PDF (719K) -
Yoshio Ikeda, Hiroshi Saito, Takashi Sano, Norio Obayashi, Yasuo Morim ...1975 Volume 18 Issue 3 Pages 229-233
Published: May 31, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt was found that diazepam markedly impaired oral glucose tolerance in rats (Seyer-Hansen, K., 1972).
In this experiment the authors attempted to clarify the mechanism of diazepam induced glucose intolerance in rats, both in vivo and in vitro.
The results were summarized as follows:
1) The peripheral blood glucose level showed a gradual increase after a single intraperitoneal injection of diazepam (2mg/100g).
2) Blood glucose reduction in the insulin sensitivity test showed greater impairment in the case of the simultaneous injection of insulin diazepam than it did with the administration of insulin alone.
3) The oral glucose tolerance test showed gross impairment when diazepam was given intraperitoneally.
4) In vitro experiments with rat diaphragms revealed that diazepam when added to medium significantly obstructed basal glucose uptake and inhibited the effects of insulin. This ability of diazepam to inhibit glucose metabolism in vitro was also seen in adipose tissue excized from rats, but its effect was smaller than the effect in the experiment with the diaphragm method. From the foregoing results, it was suggested that more attention should be paid to glucose intolerance in the long term clinical administration of diazepam.View full abstractDownload PDF (1572K) -
Takuji Watanabe1975 Volume 18 Issue 3 Pages 234-242
Published: May 31, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSLipoprotein patterns of normal people and hyperlipidemic patients with glucose intolerance were determined by Nobel's agarose gel electrophoretic method using slight modifications.
Changes in the lipoprotein patterns were also studied during the patients' treatment with insulin, sulfonylurea or diet only.
The pre-beta-lipoprotein band was frequently detected not only in the sera of the patients but also in the sera of normal younger people (75 %) and normal older persons (88 %). The average pre-beta lipoprotein in total lipids was 12.8 % in younger persons and 14.2% in older persons by the densitometric method. All patients treated regained normal fasting blood sugar levels. In 7 insulin treated patients, who had severe glucose intolerances, the serum lipid levels and lipoprotein patterns returned to normal but in 9 patients treated with diet alone or with diet and sulfonylurea, the serum lipid and the lipoprotein pattern remained abnormal. The results suggested that hyperlipidemia with severe glucose intolerance is due chiefly to insulin deficiency but that hyperlipidemia with a slight or moderate glucose intolerance is also related to other facters such as hereditary facters in patients with primary hyperlipidemia.View full abstractDownload PDF (2907K) -
Part 1. Fundamental Experiment[in Japanese]1975 Volume 18 Issue 3 Pages 243-249
Published: May 31, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe absorption and degradation mechanism of maltitol were investigated and compared with those of glucose. The following results were obtained by tests of orally administered 14C-maltitol (U) and 14C-glucose (U) in mice.
The distribution of 14C-maltitol was observed to be dense in the intestinal tract of mice by macroradioautography even after four hours of oral administration, whereas no distribution of 14C-glucose glucose was noted after only two hours of oral administration.
The recovery rates of expired 14CO, for each 0-30, 30-60 and 0-240 minute intervals after oral administration were 0.38±0.06%, 1.64 ±0.08 % and 13.18%, respectively for the glucose administered group, and 0.17±0.06%, 0.22±0.04% and 3.26 % respectively for the maltitol administered group.
The recovery rates of 14C from peripheral blood at five minutes after oral administration were 2.29±1.03% for the glucose group and 0.11±0.04% for the maltitol group. The glucose group exhibited a maximum recovery rate of 6.16±3.07% at fifteen minutes after administration, on the other hand, the maltitol group exhibited only 0.41+0.22% at that time. Only glucose and sorbitol were detected in peripheral blood of the maltitol mice group by means of paper chromatography and macroradioautography.
The recovery rates of 14C from feces in the glucose and maltitol groups were 0.44±0.24% and 29.55±13.11%, respectively.
The latter showed levels of recovery approximately 67 times higher than those of the former. It was concluded that maltitol was absorbed slowly through the intestinal tract, and that its rate of absorption was significantly less than that of glucose.View full abstractDownload PDF (6077K) -
Yasue Omori, Tomoko Yokosuka, Masashi Sakuma, Kazuo Shizume, Nakaaki O ...1975 Volume 18 Issue 3 Pages 250-258
Published: May 31, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA thorough examination of feto-placental function should be done as a means for decreasing perinatal mortality which is frequent in diabetic pregnancies.
Radioimmunoassay of serum total estrogens was performed using rabbit anti serum made against estrone 17-0-Carboxymethyl-Oxime-BSA antigen, and the changes in serum total estrogens in seventeen diabetic and seventy normal pregnant women were studied.
The serum total estrogens in the diabetic pregnancy increased significantly from the first trimester towards the third trimester and the same changes were observed in non diabeticpregnants. Mean values of total estrogens in diabetic pregnancies were 1.67±0.76 (HiSD) ng/m/in the first, 13.52±4.91 in the second, and 24.3±7.84 in the third trimester.
Serum total estrogens, measured serially in eight of the eleven diabetics throughout pregnancy, increased with the progression of pregnancy. These changes were parallel with those of HPL which was measured on the same samples.
Total estrogens showed episodical secretion for a short time. This episodical secretion was more significant in the third trimester than in the second
These results show that the determination of serum total estrogens could be an excellent index of feto-placental function because of it's easy sampling, minimum serum requirement and simple assay method.View full abstractDownload PDF (1421K) -
Shin-ichiro Sato, Takayoshi Toyota, Mikihiko Kudo, Naoyoshi Masaki, Mi ...1975 Volume 18 Issue 3 Pages 259-267
Published: May 31, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA 62-year female patient with an immune-origin insulin resistant diabetes was treated with sulphated and monocomponent insulin. The change in the insulin binding capacity, the neutralizing capacity and the immunoglobulin class distribution of the insulin antibody were studied. The case had been diagnosed as diabetes mellitus about two years before her admission. During the first year, and half of the next, she responded well to the usual dosage of insulin. However, in the following several months her response decreased and the insulin dosage was increased. A daily dose of 380 units of beef regular insulin was needed to control the diabetes. Sulphated insulin (13 to 20 units per day) was injected 5 months after her admission and continued over 16 months. Thereafter 14 to 16 units per day of moncomponent insulin was used. A radiopaper-chromatographic study revealed the existence of an insulin antibody in her serum. The immunoglobulin of the antibody was distributed in the IgG, IgA, and IgM classes. The light chain was the K-and L-type. Both the insulin binding and the neutralizing capacity of the antibody were stronger with beef insulin than with porcine. An insulin sensitivity test was performed before the treatment with sulphated insulin was begun. She was not sensitive to beef insulin but was sensitive to sulphated and also to bonito insulin.
One year after the beginning of sulphated insulin administration, her blood glucose responded slightly to beef insulin. About 16 months after sulphated insulin (13-20 units/day) treatment was begun, the insulin binding capacity (Bound/Total%) of 30-37% decreased to 12% which was higher than the binding capacity of the serum of insulin sensitive diabetic patients. Her diabetic condition was controlled well with the same dose of monocompoent insulin. The insulin binding capacity was 12% about 6 months after the MC-insulin treatment.View full abstractDownload PDF (1217K) -
Yasunori Ohnishi, Yasuo Miyoshi1975 Volume 18 Issue 3 Pages 268-272
Published: May 31, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA 36-year-old woman with juvenile diabetes mellitus was admitted to the hospital because of nausea and severe abdominal pain. The patient had been treated with 36-60 units of lente insulin. However, her diabetes had been not only poorly controlled but also complicated by diabetic retinopathy (Scott IV).
On admission, her serum was milky. Her blood sugar was 454mg per 100ml, total lipids 20, 843 mg per 100m, triglycerides 11, 670mg per 100ml, cholesterol 1, 383mg per 100ml, and phos. pholipid 1, 334mg per 100ml. The serum lipoprotein by electrophoretic pattern was characterized by increased chylomicron (19%) and pre-β lipoprotein (51%) fractions.
It was concluded that this was a case of severe secondary hyperlipoproteinemia accompanied by poorly controlled diabetes mellitus, and that the mechanism of this hyperlipoproteinemia was largely the result of a disturbance in the removal of liver synthesized triglycerides with the increased amounts of mobilized adipose tissue fatty acids caused by chronic insulin insufficiency. The abdominal pain on admission might have due to transient fat emboli in small blood vessels by severe hyperlipemia.View full abstractDownload PDF (2185K) -
Toyozo Sakurada, Hajime Orimo, Hiroaki Okabe, Akio Noma, Mototaka Mura ...1975 Volume 18 Issue 3 Pages 273-275
Published: May 31, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe authors have previously reported that the incorporation of 14C-glucose into aortic triglyceride was decreased in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes, and have suggested the possibility of a decrease in the synthesis of aortic triglycerides in these rats. In this study, they measured the aortic tri-, di- and monoglyceride content, as well as the activities of aortic lipase and monoglyceride hydrolase in rats. Aortic lipase was measured by the method of Hayase et al. using 3H-glyceryl trioleate as a substrate and the aortic monoglyceride hydrolase was determined by the method of Noma et al. using 3H-glyceryl monooleate. When diabetic rats were compared with control rats, no significant differences were found between the two groups in either the aortic monoglyceride content or the lipase activity. However there was a significant decrease in the tri- and diglyceride aortic content as well as in the monoglyceride hydrolase activity in the diabetic rats.
It was concluded that the decrease in the aortic triglyceride content of the diabetic rats was due not to the increase in the breakdown, but rather, possibly due to the decrease in the synthesis of triglyceride.View full abstractDownload PDF (500K) -
1975 Volume 18 Issue 3 Pages 293-308
Published: May 31, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (3260K) -
1975 Volume 18 Issue 3 Pages 309-326
Published: May 31, 1975
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (3782K)
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