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Volume 39, Issue 7
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
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Akira Kasuga, Taro Maruyama, Yukako Ozawa, Takao Saruta1996 Volume 39 Issue 7 Pages 497-502
Published: July 30, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe used a novel radioligand binding assay to investigate antibodies against the 65, 000 isoform of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65Ab) in Japanese diabetics. GAD65Ab was detected in 50.0%(28/56) of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients, 46.7%(14/30) of slowly progressive IDDM patients, and 5.9%(9/153) of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients. The frequencies of GAD65Ab were 76.5% in IDDM and 71.4% in SPDM at the time of diagnosis. Both the frequencies and levels of GAD65Ab were inversely correlated with disease duration.
Because of its high diagnostic value and low cost, detection of GAD65Ab by the radioligand binding assay is a useful means of screening among Japanese diabetic patients.View full abstractDownload PDF (980K) -
(3)Cigarette-Smoking and the Prognosis of Diabetic PatientsAkira Sasaki, Masuko Uehara, Naruto Horiuchi, Kyoichi Hasegawa, Takao ...1996 Volume 39 Issue 7 Pages 503-509
Published: July 30, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe prognostic effects of cigarette smoking on diabetic patients were examined utilizing a long-term follow-up study. The subjects studied were 1, 700 NIDDM patients aged 35 years and over at entry and with a known history of smoking. The mean follow-up period was 14.8±6.5 years and smoking rates were 64.8% for males and 13.1% for females. The mortality rates per 1, 000 person-years in male subjects were 32.13 for non-smokers and 37.64 for smokers, while the O/E ratios were 1.26 and 1.84 for non-smokers and smokers, respectively, both indicating statistically significant differences. The odds ratio of smokers to non-smokers was 1.45, and a significantly increased risk of dying in smokers, as compared with non-smokers, was confirmed in Japanese diabetic patients. The analysis of odds ratios by causes of death indicated a significant increase in malignant neoplasms, especially in lung cancer, but cancer of other sites, such as the stomach and liver, was also appreciably increased. Increases in cardiovascular disease, heart and cerebrovascular diseases, and in renal disease were observed. In addition, marked increases in pneumonia and bronchitis were also noted.View full abstractDownload PDF (1194K) -
DNA and Subsequent Manifestation of Mitochondrial Encephalomyopathy (MELAS)Naoko Kohda, Shoichiro Nagasaka, Chiaki Matsumoto, Takuya Awata, Kazuf ...1996 Volume 39 Issue 7 Pages 511-516
Published: July 30, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: August 04, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe report a case of diabetes mellitus and sensory hearing loss exhibiting the 3243 (A→G) mutation in mitochondrial DNA with subsequent manifestation mitochondrial encephalomyopathy (MELAS). The patient experienced sensory hearing loss and was diagnosed with diabetes mellitus that required insulin therapy in his twenties. At age 33, he was admitted because of loss of consciousness. Elevated concentrations of lactic acid and pyruvic acid were found in his cerebrospinal fluid and ragged-red fibers were observed in a biopsied muscle specimen. We identified a 3243 (A→G) mutation in mitochondrial DNA isolated from peripheral leucocytes and the muscle specimen, and a diagnosis of MELAS was made.
The 3243 (A→G) mutation in mitochondrial DNA causes diabetes mellitus and sensory hearing loss, as well as MELAS. It is generally accepted that MELAS is a rare complication in the subgroup of diabetes mellitus patients with sensory hearing loss. However our findings show the diversity of the clinical manifestations of the 3243 (A→G) mutation and the necessity of careful follow-up of patients in the subgroup with diabetes and sensory hearing loss.View full abstractDownload PDF (2064K) -
Michiyo Mizota, Akiko Saeki, Kaori Aoki, Asako Satou, Hiroyuki Kuroki, ...1996 Volume 39 Issue 7 Pages 517-522
Published: July 30, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe encountered a pair of identical twins with diabetes. At 29 years of age, the index twin developed diabetes with ketosis. At 31, 2 years after the onset of diabetes in the index twin, the co-twin developed diabetes with ketosis. Insulin therapy enabled a near-nomal state of metabolic control in both twins. The glucose infusion rate (GIR) showed a tendency toward insulin resistance (4.89 mg/kg/min) in the index twin, but not in the co-twin 6.17 mg/kg/min. Urinary C-peptide in the index twin was 78.8μg/day 2 years after onset, but the urinary C-peptide level in the co-twin was low (20.0μg/day). Considering all of the evidence together, the index twin may have non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM) and the co-twin insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM). These cases provide a clue to the common pathogenesis of IDDM and NIDDM.View full abstractDownload PDF (778K) -
Seiji Ohgaku, Toshimi Asahi, Masashi Kobayashi, Ken-ichi Obata1996 Volume 39 Issue 7 Pages 523-526
Published: July 30, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe have developed a sensitive EIA which allows direct determination of the concentrations of urinary type IV collagen (uCL-IV).
Specimens of both spot urine and first urine in the morning were obtained from 35 normal subjects (24males, 11 females) aged 21 to 54 (32.0±9.4, mean±SD) years old.Urinary concentrations of CL-IV were 4, 02±1, 86μg/g Crin the spot urine, and 2.16±0.79μg/gCr in the first urine. The first urine is not influenced by physical activity during the day, and the results suggest that the first urine is preferable for the determination of uCL-IV. The reference value in the first urine is below 3.74μg/gCr in normal subjects.
Urinary CL-IV excretion was significantly increased in diabetic subjects with nephropathy: 5.00±3.68μg/gCr in 26 diabetics with incipient nephropathy, and 24.1±17.7μg/gCr in 22 diabetics with overt nephopathy.
CL-IV is a structural protein unique to the basement membrane (BM). Pathological findings in glomeruli of the diabetic kidney are thickening of the BM and expansion of the mesangial area. Augmented expression of CL-IV has also been reported. The evaluation of uCL-IV by direct assay provides information on the activity of structurally altered glomerular processes, and will thus contribute to better management of diabetic nephropathy.View full abstractDownload PDF (438K) -
Ryuzo Kawamori, Kentaro Mochizuki, Yasushi Tanaka, Jun-ichiro Kinoshit ...1996 Volume 39 Issue 7 Pages 527-530
Published: July 30, 1996
Released on J-STAGE: March 02, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of the additional administration of α-glucosidase inhibitor on glycemic regulation in NIDDM patients treated with gliclazide was investigated.
Sixteen outpatients (8 males and 8 females) with NIDDM who showed good to fair glycemic control under gliclazide administration were enrolled into the present study.
At the time of α-glucosidase inhibitor administration (acarbose or voglibose), the daily doses of gliclazide were halved. Thereafter, the doses of gliclazide were adjusted to achieve better glycernic control, according to blood glucose and, glycated albumin concentrations. After 12-weeks caf α-glucosidase inhibitor administration, the daily doses of gliclazide required for effective glycemic control diminished from 64±35 to 48±31 mg/day. Levels of glycated hemoglobin and glycated albumin decreased significantly from 7.1±0.3 to 6.8±0.2%, and from 18.9±1.1 to 17.2±1.0%, respectively, Plasma glucose concentrations at 2-hr after breakfast also decreased significantly from 166±28 ta 123±27 mg/dl. Hypoglycemic episodes did not oceur throughout the iiivestigatiori period.
These observations indicate that the present therapeutic approach to treatmeiit of postprandial hyperglycemia in patients vvith NIDDM is efficient and safe, suggestillg that the regimell leads to prevention af the exhaustion of pancreatic beta cell function.View full abstractDownload PDF (450K)
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