All issues
Volume 31, Issue 4
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
Yoshikuni Fujita, Tatsumi Moriya, Takuji Ookubo, Koichi Kawaji, Akira ...1988 Volume 31 Issue 4 Pages 277-283
Published: April 30, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe mechanism of CPK elevation was elucidated in two groups of patients with severe acute diabetic syndrome: group A, CPK >200 IU/L; group B, CPK <200 IU/L. Group A consisted of patients with ketosis (n=1), diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA, n=8) and nonketotic hyperosmolar coma (NKHC, n=2). Group B consisted of these with ketosis (n=14), DKA (n=14) and NKHC (n=2). In each group, correlations between CPK and mean blood pressure (MBP) and other laboratory findings were evaluated. Furthermore, the amount of insulin and i.v. fluid given to control the plasma glucose (PG) level to 250 mg/dl were compared between the two groups. In group A, the mean MBP value was lower and PG, plasma osmolarity (Osm), BUN and Cr were higher compared with those in group B. In group A, there was a significant correlation between CPK and BUN (r=0.73), Cr (r=0.72), Osm (r=0.58), PG (r=0.55), SGOT (r =0.40) and MBP (r=-0.36). Although no significant change in the amount of insulin was noted, the amount of i.v. fluid was larger in group A. These results indicate that peripheral circulatory failure due to dehydration could be an important causative factor for CPK elevation in severe acute diabetic syndrome.View full abstractDownload PDF (991K) -
With Special Reference to Hypoglycemic SignsTeruyuki Itagaki, Ryouichi Yoshida, Eiichi Otomo, Hiroshi Hannya1988 Volume 31 Issue 4 Pages 285-295
Published: April 30, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSElderly diabeiics have diseases such as renal diabetic complications and cerebral arteriosclerosis that render their physical functioning different from young diabetics.
Therefore, attention should be given to physical functions in the treatment of elderly diabetics. We recently experienced six hypoglycemic cases (mean age: 80.7 years, insulin: 5 cases, oral hypoglycemic drugs: 1 case) who were not diagnosed as having, hypoglycemia because of the absence of typical signs.
The most remarkable clinical signs were disfunctions of the cerebral cortex including apathy, slow speech, change in penmanship, gait disturbance and lethargy.
In contrast, they showed few autonomic signs like sweating, palpitation and tremor.
EEG findings at admission revealed that basic waves were 7-8 c/s; some θ waves were seen in all leads without laterality, suggesting diffuse disfunction of the cerebral cortex.
The cases with insulin injection showed unrecognized nocturnal hypoglycemia which was diagnosed only by blood chemical analysis.
During hospitalization, clinical signs disappeared after decreased iusulin injection.
These findings were considered to indicate chronic hypoglycemia due to tight control of blood glucose by insulin or oral hypoglycemic drugs over a long period of time.
Accordingly, tight control of blood glucose must be avoided in elderly diabetics.View full abstractDownload PDF (1620K) -
Masanori Kashimata, Masahiko Hiramatsu, Yoshihiro Natsumi, Akinao Sato ...1988 Volume 31 Issue 4 Pages 297-303
Published: April 30, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe investigated the effect of streptozotocin-induced diabetes on 125I-epidermal growth factor (125I-EGF) binding to microsomal membranes from rat liver and phosphorylation of its receptors. The binding of EGF to hepatic membranes from diabetic animals was found to be significantly low, about 60% of the control level. The results from Scatchard analysis of binding data and affinity labeling of EGF receptors clearly showed that the decrease in binding of EGF to membranes from diabetic animals was due to a decrease in the number of EGF receptors (MW= 170, 000). Treatment of diabetic animals with insulin restored the number of receptors to the control level. EGF stimulated the phosphorylation of its receptors in hepatic membranes. The rates of basal and EGF-stimulated phosphorylation of EGF receptors in control, diabetic and insulin-treated dibetic rats were almost parallel with the changes in the number of receptors. These results suggest that insulin deficiency in vivo causes a decrease in the number of hepatic EGF receptors, and probably affects the functions of the liver.View full abstractDownload PDF (3335K) -
Jiro Nakamura, Nigishi Hotta, Naoki Koh, Fumihiko Sakakibara, Ryuzo Ki ...1988 Volume 31 Issue 4 Pages 305-312
Published: April 30, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSulfonylurea drugs are widely used for the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. As this treatment sometimes leads to hyperinsulinemia and obesity these are not always the ideal oral agents for the treatment of diabetes mellitus.
Clinically, we often encounter the necessity of developing oral hypoglycemic agents with different modes of action from those currently available. Therefore to provide some insight into such a type of agents, we studied the effects of 3-phenylpyruvate (3-PPA) on hepatic glucose metabolism by using isolated rat hepatocytes. The following results were obtained. 1) 3-PPA caused significant suppression of hepatic glucose output without inhibition of β-oxidation from alanine, glycerol, lactate and pyruvate but not from fructose. 2) In the presence of pyruvate and palmitate, 3-PPA decreased hepatic ketone body production and reduced the βhydroxybutyrate/acetoacetate ratio in a dosedependent manner. 3) Ten millimolar 3-PPA showed an antigluconeogenic effect similar to that of 3 mM tolbutamide and 1 mM buformin. However, the mode of action of 3-PPA was different from those of sulfonylurea and biguanide. 4) The oxidation of [14C (U)] alanine, [1-14C] palmitate and [1-14C] glutamate was increased by 3-PPA.
Therefore it is suggested that the inhibitory effect of 3-PPA on gluconeogenesis and ketogenesis involves increased activity of the TCA cycle as one of its mechanisms.View full abstractDownload PDF (1143K) -
Hiroshi Nakano, Kenzo Ohba, Masaru Haruyama, Naohiro Yamashita, Takuji ...1988 Volume 31 Issue 4 Pages 313-317
Published: April 30, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe case of a 55-year-old diabetic woman with pneumaturia due to gas production in the bladder is presented. She was admitted to the hospital because of pneumaturia, macrohematuria and fever. Diabetes mellitus had been diagnosed at the age of 41, and she had been taking insulin ever since. Her blood levels were poorly controlled. On admission she had proliferative retinopathy, severe diabetic neuropathy and nephropathy. Plain abdominal film and CT scan showed gaseous shadow in the bladder. A postvoiding urethral catheterization yielded 550 ml of cloudy urine followed by gas. The intravenous administration of ampicillin resulted in marked improvement in clinical status. To our knowledge, 8 cases of emphysematous cystitis have been reported in the Japanese literature, and the clinical features of these cases are reviewed. Emphysematous cystitis occurs with increased frequency in patients with diabetes and must be taken into consideration, especially in older diabetics with macrohematuria.View full abstractDownload PDF (4388K) -
Yasuhisa Okuno, Hirotoshi Morii1988 Volume 31 Issue 4 Pages 319-321
Published: April 30, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTransport of the nonmetabolizable hexose analogue 3-O-methyl-D-glucose (3 OMG) was measured at 37°C, pH 7.4, in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL) obtained from 10 ml of fresh venous blood. In the study, 0.05 mM of 3 OMG was equilibrated with a half time of about 10 sec, and the rate constant of entry was 0.074/sec in PMNL from a healthy subject (male, 38 yr). The coefficient of variation of values assayed on different days was 5.9% and intraassay variation was 2.4%. The mean 3 OMG transport rate in healthy subjects (N=-17; 14 males, 3 females; aged 25-38 yr) determined before lunch was about 9 fl/cell·sec.
These results suggest that human PMNL may be a useful tool for the study of glucose transport in clinical investigations.View full abstractDownload PDF (369K) -
1988 Volume 31 Issue 4 Pages 323-345
Published: April 30, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (5087K) -
1988 Volume 31 Issue 4 Pages 347-372
Published: April 30, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: August 10, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (6761K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|