巻号一覧
47 巻, 11 号
選択された号の論文の12件中1～12を表示しています
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大河原 信1989 年 47 巻 11 号 p. 970-983
発行日: 1989/11/01
公開日: 2009/11/13
ジャーナル フリーSeveral topics are discussed looking at the macromolecular synthesis from a view point of organic synthesis. Group Transfer Polymerization (GTP) which seems to be the most familiar to organic chemists is, together with another topic-ring opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP), tractable procedure capable to control the molecular weight and its distribution. Both methods provide simple and convenient ways by improving the initiation and/or the reaction conditions. Sol-gel reaction of metal alkoxides is a new field in inorganic polymer synthesis which makes the design of ceramics in molecular unit feasible and is expecting the positive participation of organic chemists. Further, the importance and valuability of the structural device and clearance are discussed for two examples-molecular recognition and polyaniline formation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1411K) -
瓜生 敏之, 畑中 研一1989 年 47 巻 11 号 p. 984-993
発行日: 1989/11/01
公開日: 2009/11/13
ジャーナル フリー天然高分子は核酸, タンパク質, 多糖という比較的簡単な構成単位から成るものから, 糖タンパク, 糖脂質のように複合重合体に至るまで複数多岐に亘る。タンパク質の生合成は核酸制御であるので, 近年比較的解明が進んでいる。糖類の生合成は酵素によって行われるので, 個々の酵素の構造や反応解析がされなければ, 解明に到達しない。一般に細胞から取り出された酵素は不安定であるため, また結晶化する酵素はそれ程多くないことなどから, 酵素の反応部位の同定は困難である。しかも, 天然高分子の生合成は非常に多くの酵素系を含む細胞の中で行われるので, 解析は益々複雑になる。
ここでは, 多糖, オリゴ糖, およびゴムの生合成につき, 酵素が行っている反応に主眼を置いて, 天然高分子生合成のメカニズムに触れる。抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1150K) -
東 福次1989 年 47 巻 11 号 p. 994-1005
発行日: 1989/11/01
公開日: 2009/11/13
ジャーナル フリーIn order to preprare polyamides and polyesters with high molecular weights, the reactions of dicarboxylic acids with diamines, and with diols should take place almost quantitatively, This article describes how phosphorus and sulfur intermediates have been developed to activate carboxyl groups effectively and efficiently enough to lead the reactions completely.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1402K) -
西郷 和彦1989 年 47 巻 11 号 p. 1006-1016
発行日: 1989/11/01
公開日: 2009/11/13
ジャーナル フリー[2 + 2] Photocyclization and photoreversion in polymer chemistry is briefly described as well as the properties and functions of the resulting polymers. [2 + 2] Photocyclization is successfully applied in 1) crosslinking between the side chains and between the main chains of polymers in solid state, 2) polymerization of conjugated diolefins in crystalline state, and 3) solution polymerization of bisolefins These reactions afford the formation of image. Polymers having cyclobutanes in main chain can be also prepared by the use of the photocyclodimers of olefins. Among them, anti head-to-head coumarin dimer is susceptible to nucleophilic attack to give high-molecular-weight polyamides by the reaction with diamines. Some of the polyamides show an unique photochemical behavior and have chiral recognition ability抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1289K) -
黒木 正勝, 井上 祥平1989 年 47 巻 11 号 p. 1017-1028
発行日: 1989/11/01
公開日: 2009/11/13
ジャーナル フリーAluminum porphyrins are excellent catalyst of wide applicability for the “living” ring-opening polymerization of heterocyclic monomers. The present paper describes a successful extension of the applicability of the aluminum porphyrin initiators to addition polymerization. The polymer of alkyl methacrylate, acrylate, methacrylonitrile, and their block copolymers are formed with regulated molecular weight. The polymerization of methacrylic esters with aluminum porphyrins as initiators provides the first successful example of visible light-mediated living polymerization抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1320K) -
岡本 佳男, 中野 環1989 年 47 巻 11 号 p. 1029-1039
発行日: 1989/11/01
公開日: 2009/11/13
ジャーナル フリーHelix is the most important, interesting structure for polymers. One-handed helical structure can be optically active without any other chiral factors. This review describes mainly the synthesis, structure, and utilization of helical polymers obtained from both chiral and achiral monomers. The monomers dealt with here include methacrylates, isocyanides, chloral, and isocyanates. Triarylmethyl methacrylates afford helical polymers by anionic polymerization. Some of the polymers slowly change their helicity in solution. Application of the polymers as chiral stationary phases to separate optical isomers is discussed. Bulky isocyanides and chloral give optically active polymers which have the chirality arising only from helicity. Polyisocyanates leads to a large optical activity due to a cooperative deuterium isotope effect. These are also surveyed with an emphasis on the helicity.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1312K) -
岡田 鉦彦1989 年 47 巻 11 号 p. 1040-1050
発行日: 1989/11/01
公開日: 2009/11/13
ジャーナル フリーRing-opening polymerizations of heterobicyclic compounds such as bicyclic acetals, bicyclic oxalactones, and bicyclic oxalactams often proceed stereospecifically, due to their rigid bulky structures having two or more asymmetric centers as well as due to the stereoelectronic effect of the heteroatoms. The polymers derived form these heterobicyclic compounds generally contain heterocycles in their main chains and are expected to exhibit desirable properties and/or specific functions. Recent progress in this field, particularly in the following three subjects is described in this review.
1. Stereoregulation in cationic polymerization of bicyclic acetals in relation to structurally controlled synthesis of polysaccharides.
2. Highly selective cyclooligomerization of bicyclic oxalactones to macrocyclic oligoesters having a chiral cavity.
3. Ring-opening polymerizations of novel heterobicyclic compounds aimed at designing specialty polymers.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1292K) -
櫻井 英樹1989 年 47 巻 11 号 p. 1051-1059
発行日: 1989/11/01
公開日: 2009/11/13
ジャーナル フリーRecent applications of polysilanes as SiC precursors and photoinitiators, and in microlithography and reprography show that polysilanes are very much promising as specialty materials for high technology of the next generation. In this paper, the chemistry of polysilanes is reviewd with some emphasis on the physical properties. Recent progress on the preparation of high-molecular weight polysilanes is then described. Finally, hitherto unprecedented anionic polymerization of masked disilenes, developed recently in the author's laboratory, is discussed in detail. Thus, masked disilenes such as 1-phenyl-7, 8-disilabicyclo [2.2.2.] octa- 2, 5-dienes with alkyllithium led to the formation of the reactive living polysilylenyl anions R (SiR1R2SiR3R4) -n which gave the corresponding relatively monodispersed polysilanes upon quenching. The Mw/Mn values range from 1.3 to 1.9. The reaction of the living polysilylenyl anions with methyl methacrylate afforded well characterized block copolymers.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (909K) -
溝上 恵彬1989 年 47 巻 11 号 p. 1060-1067
発行日: 1989/11/01
公開日: 2009/11/13
ジャーナル フリーA unique polyconjugated systems having longitudinal π-electron overlaps were synthesized. 8, 19-dihy-droxy- [2, 2] -metacyclophane was used as a raw material. The cyclophane was converted into two types of cyclophane polymers : One is a quinoid type polymer consisting of biphenoquinone skeleton with two methylene bridges. Another one is a phenol type polymer that contain 4, 4'-dihydroxybiphenol skeleton. The structure of these polymers were mimicked that of organic charge transfer complex having longitudinal π-electron overlaps.
The reaction mechanism converted oxidative dimer into phenol type polymer were discussed using D-substituted dihydroxymetacyclophane.
Other examples of cyclophane polymer were also given.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (884K) -
横澤 勉, 遠藤 剛1989 年 47 巻 11 号 p. 1068-1077
発行日: 1989/11/01
公開日: 2009/11/13
ジャーナル フリーHeterocumulenes such as carbon dioxide, carbon disulfide, isocyanates, and allene derivatives have a cumulated double bond. If two double bonds of a cumulated double bond can be regard as a polymerizable group and functional group, respectively, heterocumulenes and allene derivatives will serve as monomers, leading to novel reactive and functional polymers by the polymerization of them. We have reviewed the homopolymerization and copolymerization of carbon dioxide, carbon disulfide, isocyanates, isothiocyanates, and ketenes as heterocumulenes, Furthermore, we have described our recent work on the polymerization of allene derivatives : radical, cationic, and zwitterionic polymerization of them.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1051K) -
平川 芳彦1989 年 47 巻 11 号 p. 1078-1087
発行日: 1989/11/01
公開日: 2009/11/13
ジャーナル フリーBefore the polymer concept was established by Dr. Staudinger, resinous matter produced unexpectedly by some reactions was called often as “Harz”, contemptuously. But among these reactions, embryos of modern polymer making reactions existed.
The article is a chronological description of polymer forming technologies, divided the times into two periods of before and after the World War II, and further subdivided into three categories of synthetic rubbers, synthetic resins and synthetic fibers for respective periods. For some cases, related inside stories are dare written, but these are limited that such inside stories decided the developing direction of modern polymer technologies.
Relating the intellectual property, it seems to be necessary adjust between “First-to-File Principle” adopted by many countries and “First-to-Invent Principle” adopted by the U.S.A. and only other a few countries.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1585K) -
西郷 和彦, 岡本 佳男, 岡田 鉦彦, 横澤 勉, 遠藤 剛1989 年 47 巻 11 号 p. 1088
発行日: 1989/11/01
公開日: 2009/11/13
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (150K)
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