A new type of solid acid and base-catalyzed reactions has been selected and addressed from the viewpoint of practical reactions applicable to fine chemicals synthesis. As solid acid catalysts, zeolites (NaY, Sn-β, Ti-β, molecular sieves 4A (MS4A)), mesoporous aluminosilicates (Al-MCM-41, Al-HMS), montmorillonite (Ti-Mont), hydroxyapatite (Ru-HAP), Ru (OH)
x/Al
2O
3, and polystyrene-supported sulfonic acid were reviewed in carbonyl-ene reaction, the Diels-Alder reaction, alkylation, aldol-type condensation, oxidation, reduction, hydration, acetalization, and esterification. Solid base catalysis by alkali-earth metal oxide (MgO, CaO, SrO, Mg-Al mixed oxide, KOH/Fe
2O
3), hydrotalcite (HT-OH, HT-
tBuO), and MS4A was mainly discussed in the carbon-carbon and carbon-oxygen bond forming reactions.
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