At the Simoda Marine Biological Station belonging to the University of Literature and Science, Tokyô, the daily amount-of rainfall was observed together with other meteorological elements under the, direction of the Geographical Laboratory since June 1934.
In order to study the minute distribution of rainfall around Simo da r daily observations were made at eight places (Fig.2) from June 1935. These results, together with the data for two other places are treated, and distribution maps drawn with respect to the individual rainfall caused by the twenty travelling cyclones that occurred up to the end of the year.
These twenty cases are classified into five major types according to the characteristics of their areal distribution, their relation to wind-direction being considered the most important. That is to say, in most cases, areal distribution is determined by adiabatic cooling caused by forced ascending currents along the mountain slopes, while the increase from the northern highland to the southern lowland is explained by up-lift of the rain-bearing stratum caused by the descending current from the north.

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The Akaisi Mountains occupy the east end of the Outer Zone of Southwestern Japan. Running along the western boundary of the Fossa Magna, they include 9 peaks of more than 3000m height, of which there are only 16 in all Japan Proper. The main object of this paper is to summarize the reports already published by Messrs. Tsujimura, Watanabe, Okayama and others on the geomorphology of these mountains.
The main range of the Akaisi Mountains is situated between twofront ranges which are lower than 2000-2400m (Pl. 27 VI. VII).That on its east bounds the Kohu Basin and that on the west the Ina Basin, both with fault scarps. The boundaries between the main range and these two ranges are steep flexure scarps. The northern end of the mountains is truncated by faults of an another system that runs NWSE (Fig. 1).
The peaks that exceed 3000m rise as monadnocks from very flat ridges, 2800-2600m, which are supposed, to be peneplain remnants (Pl. I). Not only the ridges of the main range, but also those of the front ranges are generally very flat, changing their heights in steep steps (Pl. II, III, IV, V). These steps are not fault but erosion scarps. Almost all the levels of the flat ridges -have a “Piedmonttreppe” relation to each other, seeing that the scarps as seen in plan have many indentations (Fig. 3.), such as are not found in a fault or flexure scarp. Fig. 2. shows a reconstucted form of the “Piedmonttreppe.” The ridges and valleys in the northern part have mostly a N-S direction. The longitudinal drainages are either subsequent of the strata or mono-cyclic fault line valleys, while the transvers valleys may be antecedent. On comparing the heights of the ridges on both sides of the longitudinal valleys`, they are very similar when they are fault line valleys or subsequent valleys, but differ sometimes when they are mono-cyclic fault line valleys or common fault valleys (Pl. IV, V, VI, ). The tectonic valleys along the Median Line of Southwestern Japan may be common or mono-cyclic fault line valleys. In some cases their heights agree, but in other cases they differ greatly (Pl. II).
Fig. 4. shows the drainage pattern of the southern part. The directions fo Ôma-gawa and Kôti-gawa are subsequent, while that of Haibara-gawa is consequent to, a steep flexure scarp between the main and front range.
Explanation of Plate (Pl. 27)
I-V Projected Profiles of Ridges
I Main Range of the Akaisi Mountains
II Both Sides of the Median Line of Southwestern Japan
III Eastern Front Range
IV Both Side of the Haya-kawa
V Both Side of the Mibu-gawa
VI-VII Transversal Section of the Akaisi Mountains.
Between the Kôhu Basin and the Haya-kawa, Eastern Front Range.
Between the Haya-kawa and Mibu-gawa, Main Range.
Between the Mibu-gawa and Ten ryû-gais, the Western Front Range.

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Since there is a large variety of vegetables cultivated by very intensive methods in the vicinity of Tôkyô, it is possible to find various forms of cultivation, showing the regionality in agriculture of this part of the country.
The various forms of cultivation we see are mainly results of thenature of the soils, -climate, crop-rotation, and the intensive method of cultivation used.
As the loamy soil of the Musasino Upland, west of Tôkyô, is light and readily holds moisture, barleys on the upland are cultivated by means of the dotted method (Fig 2), which makes it easier for the. farmers to avoid frost damage.
On the sandy soil of the Tama-gawa and Ara-kawa flood plains, barleys are cultivated, in line form (Fig. 3), because here frost scarcely does any damage.
To avoid the severe frost and the cold N. W. wind in winter, which often injure vegetables, the farmers use coverings to protect the vegetables from frost, but in such a way as not to shade them entirely from sunshine (Fig. 5, 6, 8, 10). The vegetables are also planted on the southern side of the barleys so as not to be damaged by N. W. winds (Fig. 11).
During the season from spring to summer, owing to circumstancesof crop-rotation and climate, the winter barleys are not cultivated so. intensively. In that case there are various forms of cultivation (Fig. 9, 12), and the wide spaces between the furrows of barleys is used for some kinds -of vegetables; thus certain forms of inter-tillage can be noticed (Fig. 14, 15 16, 18).
As the crop rotates very quickly in this neighbourhood, we have consequently many types of inter-tillage, thus showing the seedling and cropping periods of each plant at the same time (Fig. 17, 19). Inter-tillage applied only to vegetables also may be noticed in this part of the country (Fig. 20, 21) 23, 24).

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