1) In 1957 the first cultivators settled at Kongo, which was a newly reclaimed virgin land in the suburbs of Yatsushiro City. There are rural 170 families at presnt.
2) The land was started to be used only for agricultural purpose. This paper is chiefly based upon the data in 1959.
3) As regards to summer crops, the percentage of early rice crop and two-crop-areas predominant. This is due to the advice of the prefectural authorities to avert disaster of a typhoon. Moreover, the successful results of the crops have atracted the farmers.
4) There is some disparity in the ratio of applicaton of early crop and two-crops of rice according to the differences of the native places from which the settlers have come. In general, the ratio of application is higher among the immigrants from other prefectures or from remote districts of Kumamoto Prefecture than those from the neighbourhood.
5) Concerning the rice field, early crop area has a tendency to be distributed in the vicinity of the Tide-defence-bank, and the two-crop-area scattered close to the residences of each settlement. This is due to the result of the effort to avert the most miserable harm of typhoon blow near the shoreline, and to relieve the pressure of busyness of the two-crops of rice.
6) There are various kinds of uses in the second crops use; wheat, barley, rushes, watermelons, rapeseeds and onions. The rate of whole land-use is below 24%. Among the crops, the rushes are most notable.
7) As to the cultivation of rushes, the main role has been performed by the settlers from Yatsushiro City and its neighbouring villages. The others have mostly followed them.
8) The rush cultivation necessitates the belated rice plant, and so the plans to increase crops of rice either by early crops or by two-crops compete with each other.

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Each region has its own characteristic pattern of recreational activities. The purpose of this paper is to study the patterns and their arrangements of activities performed by the citydwellers, especially in Osaka City. The types of recreation treated here are confined to those which are used by the people travelling from a location of daily work, whereas there are other kinds enjoyed by those of different character of daily work.
The result of the study is as follows. The recreational activities performed inside the city amount to more than 85% and the rest is performed outside the city, the percentage of the latter changing in inverse proportion to the distance from the city. The pattern of recreation inside the city is different from that used outside. Inside the city, a passive type like movies is chiefly employed. Outside the city, in a region within an hour's trip from the city the pattern of recreation is mainly to give people rest and refreshment in their own residences, but in an area within 1_??_3 hours' distance from the city one-day-trip recreation as hiking is most common. In an area over 3-hours' distance no one-day trips are used, but several-day tours.
Thus, as recreational activites performed by the city-dwellers vary according to the regions around the city, recreational landscapes caused by such activities are also different. That is, inside the city there is a recreational landscape as an amusement center, and in the region within an hour's trip from the city, such facilities as parks and greengrounds around the residence have been developed. In the region within l_??_3 hours' trip from the city there developed facilities for active recreational activities as hiking and driving. Furthermore, in a big region over 3-hours' from the city, there are dispersed resort places such as spas, scenic and historic spots, etc. And in these places various service agencies have been developed as an urban amusement center.

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Die Hügellandschaft in Nord-Hokkaido ist bisher als Beispiel eines späteren Stadiums der normalen Erosion betrachtet worden. Bei der genaueren Untersuchung hat der Verfasser festgestellt, lass sie durch die periglaziale Verflachung entstanden ist. Die Beweise dafür rind Dellen, Blockströme, fossile Strukturböden and emn Eiskeil; letzterer ist allerdings noch fraglich. Daneben wurden auch rezente Solifluktion (in 168 m ü. M.) and Nivation (in 150m ü. M.) gefunden.
Für das Zustandekommen der vorliegenden Arbeit ist der Verfasser Herrn Prof. Dr. C. Troll und anderen Damen and Herren im Geographischen Institut der Universitat Bonn zu Dank verpflichtet.

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In Nishi-Tsugaru region along the coast of the Japan Sea, there develop typical marine terraces which are partly covered by sand dunes. The author surveyed the disribution, geomorphic features and composition of the sand dunes. The results are summarized as follows:
1) Sand dunes orerlie the A horizon of soil formed at the uppermost part of terrace gravel beds along the outer margins of the second terrace plains of which the altitude is about 50-60 m, the third terrace plains (30-40m) and the fourth terrace plains (5-10m) . The geomorphic features of the sand dunes situated on the older (higher) terraces are not so typical as those situated on the younger (lower) terraces, although on the first terrace, there is no sand dune. (Fig. 1 and Photos. 1-5).
2) The distribution of the sand dunes in this region is conditioned dy the exposure of the coast against the prevailing winds, and they are distributed on the coast of the direction from NE to SW facing winds from WNW in winter. (Fig. 1 and Tab. 1)
3) Moreover, the formation of the sand dunes is controlled by the amount of sand supply, which is conditioned by the nature of bed rock of the coast. In this region, the distribution of the sand dunes is limited to the area composed of Tertiary sedimentary rocks which are easily decomposed into a large amount of sands. But, in the coast to the south cf Fukaura, is composed of volcanic rocks which are more resistant to weathering than the former, neither beach nor sand dune can be formed. (Fig. 1)
4) The sand dunes are usually composed of well sorted medium or fine sands (smaller, than 1 mm in diameter), and the grain size of the older sand dunes is somewhat smaller than that of the younger ones (Tab. 2). It seems to be a result of subaerial weathering after the formation of the sand dunes. Because such a thendency corresponds to modificatin of the geomorphic features of the sand dunes.
5) The sand dunes modify the terrace topography. They give the terrace plains small reliefs. The terrace scraps facing the prevailing wind of winter are covered by sands, and their slopes are very gentle. On the other hand, the terrace scarps free from sand dunes preserve their original steep slopes (Tab. 3).

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