It is a remarkable fact that the self-managing fishery of fishermen's cooperative federation has occurred here and there in the post-war Japan. This fishery is not the same as the traditional joint fishermen's management, but it is a new management form, which is adopted as a self-protecting means of fishermen against the capitalized fisheries.
This paper attempts to make clear, the production-mode of this fishery in relation to the special environment, and to point out its location and form.
For this purpose, we surveyed the five fishing villages, and attempted to explain each fishing villages monographically, and then to extract the type of its location and form.
Such a fishery shows various changes from place to place, but the common things that are found in it are as follows:
(1) This fishery occurs in the comparatively great scale net fishery. This phenomenon seems natural, because this fishery is a resistance-form against the capitalized fishery.
(2) This fishey, at present time, is found in comparatively isolated fishing villages, because there is no great enterprise in such villages, and the neccessary capital for the great scale fishery must be gathered from all the members of the villages.
(3) The basis of the formation of this fishery is found in the next points.
(a) As the production-means is very meagre, it is impossible to do many-sided management.
(b) Consequently it is difficult to break the economic crisis.
(c) Such a village is apt to show the revolutional adaptation to outer economic pressure.
(4) Generally speaking, in proximity of such a village the certain fish-shoal of high density stays for a long time in a year, so that the great scale net fishery can be economically managed.
(5) The strong-willed cooperative-master, younger generation and small ship-owners play an important role in the formation of this fishery.
(6) The form of the management of this fishery indicates various stages in its intensity, measured by the degree of investigation, and of the division of labor and profit.

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The Conclusions reached from surveying the situation of the orchards (mandarin oranges, peaches s nd apples) in the surburbs of Nagoya City are as follows:
1. Location of orchards close to the Market
Obviously it is convenient that orchards are located close to a large market, because it costs less in transportation cost, but even grater cost is saved in the packing charges. The degree of necessity of packing greatly depends upon the nature of fruits and the organization of markets.
2. Scale of Orchard
The orchads are generally small-scaled in Japan, but the scale of a suburban orchard is especially small. Between the special farmer and the by-occupation one, there is a distinct difference both in the investment of capital and the dealing of fruits.
3. Use of Rubbish
The rubbish from a city is to be used in the suburban orchards at a low price as fertilizer of organic material.
4. Labor in the Employment
The labor cost in the suburbs is slightly higher than that in remote rural villages. The adjacent rural villages can supply the work-plants labor.
5. Scale of Fruits Trade
The scale of fruits trade is done by individuals or cooperatives. No brokers are found in the dealing. Many farmers possess motorcycles for their sales.
6. Competition of Land Use
The development of orchards has ceased, because the land value has lately boosted owing to the city expansion.
7. In the suburbs of Nagoya City characteristic suburban agriculture whose chief feature is fruit. growing is carried on. Its extent is from about 30 to 40km in the suburbs of Nagoya.

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The discussion treated here may be summarized as follows in selecting the land-value on the streets as one of the indicators of the character of the Central Shopping Streets, it becomes clear that the land-value on the Central Shopping Streets is related to such elements as special-stores, illuminations, purchasing-power, and high-class shopping-stores.
As the result, it is seen that the extent of the Central Shopping Streets will be controlled by the land-value on the Central Shopping Streets, namely the margin of the Central Shopping Streets is located on the decreasing points of land-value on the streets.
And the extent of the Central streets is related generally to the size or the function of their cities.
Among the cities in the same ranking, the extent of the Central Shopping Streets in the commercial cities is longer as that a general trend: the extent of Central Shopping Streets is 300-500 meters. in the cities of 5 or 60, 000, 500-800 meters in the 120, 000_??_200, 000, 800-1000 meters in the cities of 200, 000_??_400, 000, while the ones in the industrial or satellite cities are shorter.
Therefore, the relation between the extent of the Central Shopping Streets and the size or the function of their cities is not so remarkable as the relation between the average land-values on the Central shopping Streets and the extent of the Central Sopping Streets, and the size or the function of their cities.
So the land-value on the streets generally decides the extent of the Central Shopping Streets.

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Recently we have been concerned with some patterns of the industrial land use and the history of its establishment. For specific study, the writer selected Koto district, Tokyo, which is the triangular low land surrounded by two rivers and the sea and consists of Koto and Sumida wards. There are 8, 559 factories located with over 4 workers in each and 128, 352 workers are employed in those factories. To Proceed with this study, the writer made use of two approaches. The first is to divide Koto district into some industrial sections, and the second, to trace the history of such a pattern consisting of the sections.
To see the distribution of manufacturing, a new measure is proposed in this paper. This measure starts with the evident tendency of factories to congregate to certain parts of an area. This tendency means the existing of the attraction for factories. The writer called it industrial concentration potential. This concept is analogous to population potential and market potential, as proposed and mapped by John Q. Stewart and Chancy D. Harris respectively.
The industrial concentration potential at a point (A) is defined as the summation (Σ) of the attraction at the same point (P₀) multiplied by the respective attraction at other points (P), and divided by their distance from those points (d).
A=P₀ΣP/d
In this case a attraction index was provided by the number of workers which represents industrial productivity. On the basis of the values computated by means of the above formula, lines of equal industrial concentration potential are drawn on a map. Three major varieties of industrial sections may be differentiated on the map. Those are Honjyo-Fukagawa, Jyoto and Mukojima sections which are characterized respectively by the heavy, light and miscellaneous industries.
a) Before the Meiji Restoration (1868), Honjyo-Fukagawa section had already developed into a residential district partly including commercially used land, the great part of which was the property of temples and the military caste. By the political change of the restoration, this property was turnedd over to civilians, and downtown establishments gradually clustered there. Small household industries grew up and then light industry was established after the Sino-Japanese War (1894-95).
b) Jyoto section still remainded as agricultural land untill the begining of Meiji era. This section provided large sites for manifacturing uses at cheap price and had great facility for water transportation. so heavy industry was located here after the Russo-Japanese War (1904) and more remarkable after the great Kanto Earthquake (1923).
c) Mukojima section as the outskirts of this entire area, as well as Tokyo, has become a more inferior residential section since the middle of Meiji era. This section also has been densely covered by a great many small plants which are located here on the basis of the low standard of living and cheap labor.

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