巻号一覧
22 巻, 1-2 号
選択された号の論文の67件中51～67を表示しています
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中 潤三郎, 大森 浩1953 年 22 巻 1-2 号 p. 107-108
発行日: 1953/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/14
ジャーナル フリーIn order to obtain some informations on the behavior or translocation and storage of nitrogen compounds in the root tubers during the growing period, the present investigation was undertaken with sweet potatoes of the variety "Gokoku" as material. The experimental results obtained may be summarized as follows : 1. At the early stage of tuber growth, the protein-N contents were relatively high and the prominent contents of soluble-N were also recognized, but they display a tendency to decrease concomitant with the march of their development. 2. In accordance with the vigorous growth of the root tuder, the protein-N contents showed the increasing tendency, and the soluble-N contents also increased slightly. 3. Concomitant with the maturity of the tuber, the successive increase of both protein-N and soluble-N contents were ascertained, though the fomer was striking. 4, Throughout an entire period of tuber development, the protein-N contents were always higher than those of soluble ones and the protein-N, and soluble-N contents in the pith were generaly higher than those in the cortex.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (414K) -
渋谷 紀起1953 年 22 巻 1-2 号 p. 109
発行日: 1953/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/14
ジャーナル フリー1) A regurality as following is found in the potato tuber arrangement. The more far away from the apical part, the pore spherical and larger and greater in specific gravity. 2) This regurality will be caused by the following character of potato:- in all kinds of transfigurated stem, the terminal buds excel the axillary ones in the growth, and the formers are less tuberizable than the latters.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (265K) -
田川 隆, 岡沢 養三1953 年 22 巻 1-2 号 p. 113-114
発行日: 1953/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/14
ジャーナル フリーIt has generally been known that ascorbic acid occurs more abundantly in all green leaves than in non-green tissues of the plants. with regard to the ascorbic acid content of the potato plants, Sugawara (1946) and Demers (1951) are of the same opinion, and also some investigators have good reasons to assume that the synthesis of ascorbic acid is concerned with the process of photosynthesis. In the preceding numbers of this series (1951, a, b) the authors have reported that there is a close relation between the accumulation of starch and the variation of ascorbic acid content in potato tubers during the stage of their development. In the present investigation, extending the work on the influence of ascorbic acid on the accumulation of starch in the tubers, particular attention was paid to the physiological correlation between the contents of ascorbic acid, reducing sugar and chlorophyll (a+b) in the green leaves of potato during the growing period, with a desire to obtain further knowledge upon the mechanism of tuberizition of potatoes. The experimental results obtained may be summarized as follows : (1) At the early stage of growth, the total ascorbic acid content in the potato leaves increased after the sprouts emerged from the soil and this rise continued until immediately after the flowering stage. At the same time, the contents of reducing sugar and chlorophyll (a+b) in the potato leaves increased keeping pace with the increase of ascorbic acid content. Data obtained with regard to the increase of ascorbic acid content in the potato leaves indicate that the sprouts became gradually independent of the mother tuber after they emerged from the soil and concomitant with an accumulation of reducing sugar in the leaves due to the vigorous awakening of photosynthesis of leaves, certain favorable conditions for the formation of ascorbic acid resulted. (2) At the tuber maturing stage, the lowering of the contents of ascorbic acid and reducing sugar in the leaves due to their translocation into the new tubers was recognized. As reported in the previous paper (1952) the authors have ascertained that the content of ascorbic acid in the new tuber increased in proportion to the progressive maturity of the tuber. The experimental data at hand indicating that the time of rapid lowering of ascorbic acid content in the potato leaves coincides with the time of its striking increase in the newly developing tubers shortly after the flowering stage, may add further confirmatory support to our previous assumption that the ascorbic acid in the potato plants may be concerned with the formation of the tuber, especially with the accumulation of starch in the new tuber.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (381K) -
田川 隆, 酒井 隆太郎1953 年 22 巻 1-2 号 p. 115-116
発行日: 1953/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/14
ジャーナル フリーDuring the past decade much attention has been given by plant physiologists to the study of the role of the various plant-food elements in plant nutrition. Nitrogen and potassium are the two most important fertilizer elements needed plant growth. Supplying these elements at the optimum rates and in the proper ratios is an important nutritional problem. Especially with regard to potassium, it is essential to the normal growth of plants ; it has long been assumed that one reason for this is the connection of this element with the carbohydrate supply, either in its formation or in its translocation. In the present investigation, extending the work on carbohydrate metabolism of potato plants, particular attention was given to a study of the relation between the roles of nitrogen and potassium in the carbohydrate metabolism of potatoes during an entire growing period. In the present experiment, young seedlings of potatoes were transplanted from the nursery to Wagner pots filled with culture solutions. The culture solutions were so designed as to contain 9 varied levels of nitrogen and potassium in factorial combinations in each pot. Solutions of these 9 series were adjusted to an initial pH of 5.8 by the addition of sulfuric acid in each treatment and were renewed weekly. The experimental results obtained may be summarized as follows; 1. The amount of potassium was found to affect the number of tubers on each potato plant. The high level of potassium in the culture solution caused an increase in number of tubers per each potato plant. 2. With respect to the starch accumulation in the leaves, remarkable differences between the effects of varied levels of nitrogen and potassium supplies were recognized. The effects of nitrogen levels on the starch content in the leaves were more significant than those of potassium levels, but at the final harvest stage, the starch content in the tubers tended to decrease with higher levels of nitrogen. 3. When the potato plants did not receive adequate supplies of nitrogen and potassium at balanced levels in factorial combination, lowering of the accumulation and of the translocation of transitory starch resulted, which in turn caused decrease in the contents of storage starch in the new tubers and of the total yields of the tubers.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (446K) -
手島 寅雄, 高橋 直徳1953 年 22 巻 1-2 号 p. 117-118
発行日: 1953/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/14
ジャーナル フリー1. The author has studied the propagation value of the secondary growth tuber, by using "Benimaru" for three years (1948, 1949, 1951). 2. Concerning sprouting, stem length, number of stems, etc., there was no remarkable difference between the normal tuber and the secondary growth tuber as a propagating agent. 3. Concerning the yield in 1949 and 1951, there were the same results as the above mentioned case. 4. It might be said from the results of the experiment in 1948 that the propagation value was influenced by the storing method. 5. Therefore, the propagation value of the secondary growth tuber was equal to that of the normal tuber, if the storing method was suitable.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (565K) -
手島 寅雄, 高橋 直徳1953 年 22 巻 1-2 号 p. 119
発行日: 1953/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/14
ジャーナル フリー1. The authors has found from them studies that the form of the secondary growth tuber was influenced by the period of the drought that takes place during the growing. 2. Drought in the early period of growth resulted in the slow development of the 1st tuber and the rapid growth of the 2nd tuber, drought in the later period brought about contrary results. 3. It was recognized that the size of the lst tuber was in inverse proportion to the size of the secondary growth tuber according to the time during which the drought occurred.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (337K) -
手島 寅雄, 高橋 直徳1953 年 22 巻 1-2 号 p. 120
発行日: 1953/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/14
ジャーナル フリー1. The author have studied concerning the effect upon the propagation value of the propagating agents of the pit storage, cold storage and indoor storage methods. 2. As to the sprouting, it was recognized that the method of the pit storage was the best, the cold storage the second and indoor storage the third. 3. In the early period of growth after planting the stem length of the plant from the pit storage was less than that of the plant from the cold storage, but in the later period the result was inverse, that is to day that the growth of the plant from the indoor storage was usually the least of all. 4. According to the result from variance analysis about the yield, there was a significant difference between the production values by these methods of storage. As to the total weight of the potatoes, the yield of plants from outdoor pit storage was the best, cold storage the next and indoor storage the least. There were comparatively many large and medium sized tubers from plants stored in outdoor, but plants from cold storage produced many small and undersized tubers. 5. From the result of this experiment it was recognized that pit storage was the best method for propagating agents in the case of small scale.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (354K) -
木村 吉郎1953 年 22 巻 1-2 号 p. 121-122
発行日: 1953/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/14
ジャーナル フリーThe author obtained the following results from experiment of planting time of potatoes : 1) the shortening of growth period by later planting depends mainly on storage of period from the planting time to the beginning of flowering. The remaining period is left almost constant. 2) Correlation between the yield and length of variable period is comparatively high in positive, and between the yield and air temperature of these periods it is high in negative. too.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (515K) -
杉 穎夫, 安藤 隆夫1953 年 22 巻 1-2 号 p. 123-124
発行日: 1953/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/14
ジャーナル フリーIn order to obtain some knowledges on the influence of air and soil temperatures upon the growth, tuberization and starch accumulation in the tubers of potato plants, the present investigations were carried out using Early Rode variety, and their results are summerized as follows : 1) Under high air temperature (mean 21.4°C) there took place a marked top elongation with relatively poor leaf-stem ratio. Therefore the top growth was not normal resulting in distinct retardation of tuber development. The high temperature of either air or soil should delay the differentiation of tubers. 2) Under moderate air temperature (mean 17-19°C), the treatment with low soil temperature did not increase the tuber growth and starch content, however, the same treatment under high air temperature, partially reduced the retarding effect due to the high air temperature. 3) Even under the moderate air temperature, when the soil temperature rose to about 23-24°C, the starch content of tubers decreased, and at about 27-30°C, the secondary-growth of tubers was induced and the tuber growth was highly prevented. 4) The alternation of the soil temperature from high to low, or low to high resp. during the period of tuber thickening gave no significant effect upon the tuber growth. 5) The tuber yield fluctuation in soil temperature so far as it was within the range that does not prevent the tuber, growth. 6) The tubers treated with soil temperature at their earlier stage of growth revealed little or no pigmentation of tuber skin.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (475K) -
松岡 匡一, 川上 剛志1953 年 22 巻 1-2 号 p. 125-126
発行日: 1953/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/14
ジャーナル フリーThis experiment was carried out from May to November, 1951, and 6 typical varieties of sweet potato in this region were used. The results were summarized as follows : 1) We set up two plots, transplanting and non-transplanting (direct planting). In the former 3200 sprouts and in the latter 1800 seed tubers (each. tuber is about 70 to 75 gr) were planted per tan. 2) The yield of the total root tubers (including old seed tuber) in the nontransplanting was higher than that of transplanting plot, and Kanto 22 variety was the highest in the non-transplanting plot. 3) As regards to the average number of sprouts per seed tuber in the direct planting plot, Nourin No. 1 variety was the biggest and Nourin No. 6 was the least. 4) Generally speaking ; the palatability of newly developed root tuber in the non-transplanting plot is better than that of old seed tuber, and concerning the specific gravity of root tuber at harvest in the non-transplanting plot the new ones are bigger than old ones. 5) In Okinawa No. 100 and Norin No. 1 varieties of the non-transplanting plot, the size of old deed tuber which, had became bigger had the tendency of getting cavity or malformation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (474K) -
水野 進1953 年 22 巻 1-2 号 p. 127-128
発行日: 1953/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/14
ジャーナル フリーDiscorea Batatas DECNE. has hitherto been considered as the dioecious Plant, but the author makes a proposal that the flowers of Dioscorea Batatas DECNE. (Yamatokurokawd, Ise-Imo and Icho-Imo) are bisexual after his observation. Namely, each flower had one pistil and style with six branched stigma as well as six stamens. In each stamen there are one filament and one anther with four lobes. The ovary is so-called inferior one which is divided into three loculuses and each loculus possesses two anatropous ovules.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (428K) -
千葉 弘見, 香川 邦雄1953 年 22 巻 1-2 号 p. 129-130
発行日: 1953/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/14
ジャーナル フリー(1) As a fundamental study for cultivation and utilization of green mowed Jerusalem artichoke, seasonable changes were investigated of nutrient components in leaves and stems. (2) As regards to the height of plant and weight of dry matter of leaves and stems, the biggest increase in average per day was observed in August. Remarkable decrease, however, was seen in leaf-stem ratio during this period. (3) Crude protein was found more in leaves than in stems. Crude protein which was abundant both in leaves and stems at the early stage of growth, rapidly decreased after August. Much protein N was found in leaves, whilst non-protein N found in stems. (4) More total sugar was found in stems than in leaves. Almost equal quantities of reducing sugar were found in both leaves and stems. At the early stage of growth, large quantities of total sugar and reducing sugar were found in stems. In summer, these quantities decreased, but again increased in autumn. In Case of leaves, these quantities were small at the early stage of growth, but gradually increased afterwards. Ratio of reducing sugar against total sugar was higher in leaves than in stems. (5) More nitrogen free extract and carbohydrate were found in stems than in leaves. Both in leaves and stems, these two components increased with the growth of plant, but in autumn decrease was observed in stems. Ratio of carbohydrate against nitrogen free extract was higher in stems than in leaves. Carbohydrate in stems could more easily be changed into sugar than that in leaves. (6) As a result of applying additional fertilizer, nitrogen free extract decreased temporarily, whilst crude protein increased on the contrary.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (417K) -
神崎 優1953 年 22 巻 1-2 号 p. 131-132
発行日: 1953/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/14
ジャーナル フリー1. It was observed at the harvest time of fruits in Lactuca dracoglossa, Makino that the increase in number of stools planted per unit area caused the decrease of the numbers of clusters of cypsela of a stool. Removing of green leaves from the stem made the change more conspicuous, the number of cypsela per stool being 683, 577, 562, and 405 respectively in each control plot against 651, 641, 538 and 391 in each leaf-harvested plots. 2. The length of time for yielding seeds was usually found ranging from 21 to 25 days in control plots but from 35 to 38 days in the leaf-harvested ones. 3. The increase of stools per unit area evidently induced the decrease of cypsela in number per cluster in control plots and the decrease was remarkable in the stool in the leaf-harvested ones. 4. The weight of 100 fruits from dried cypsela ranged from 0.12. gr. to 0.15 gr. in control plots but from 0.09 gr. to 0.14 gr. in the leaf-harvested ones. 5. The cypsela yield was much larger in the plot which consisted of 64 stools per 9.68 square meters (in Japanese 1/100 TAN), than in the plot with 72 stools. namely, it ranged from 3.317 l. to 3.720 l. (in Japanese from 18.39 to 20.63 GO) in control plots and from 2.768 l. to 3.336 l. (in Japanese from 15.35 to 18.50 GO) in the leaf harvested ones. 6. Planting increased number of stools for unit area made the yield of cypsela decrease especially in the leaf-harvested stools. The percentage of decrease of cypsela yield was 10% in the plot which consisted of 64 stools but 20% in the plot composed of 74 stools.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (418K) -
山田 豊一, 安達 篤1953 年 22 巻 1-2 号 p. 133-134
発行日: 1953/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/14
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (436K) -
佐藤 孝1953 年 22 巻 1-2 号 p. 135-136
発行日: 1953/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/14
ジャーナル フリー1. Height of stalk. The mixculture increases the height of stalks in every tested crop, and the degree of increase varies with the kinds and the combination of crops. a) The increase in height of stalk by mixculture is much larger in sorghum than in corn, and both of them are higher by the mixculture with soybean than with mungbean. b) In case of the mixture of soybean, and of mungbean, the height of stalks are almoat equally increased, but the degree of increase varies with the kind of cereals with which the are combined. In the earlier stage, the height of both soybean and mungbean increases more by the combination with corn than with sorghum; while in the later stage, they are more with sorghum than with corn. 2. Number of nodes, length of leaves, and number of branches. Testing the number of nodes and the length of leaves, we cannot find any remarkable difference between pure and mixculture, and so the height difference in stalk may be ascribed to the length of the internodes. The number of bean branches decreases by mixture, and the degree of decrease is greater in mungbean than in soybean. And in each case the decrease by mixture is more with sorghum than with corn. 3. Leaf/stalk ratio. The rotio decreases a little with growth in each crop except mungbean. In case of soybean, the ratio is increased by mixture, especially, at an early harvest time. In mungbean, however, the mixture does not affect the ratio, though it is always higher than in soybean. On the ratio of both corn and sorghum, no remarkable effect is found by mixing. 4. Yield. (Converted into per acre.) As to the yield of single crop in raw matter, 21 ton of corn and 18 ton of sorghum in pure culture respectively are more than that of each crop in the other cases. And the result is in line with those in other reports. In the total yield, 22.5 ton of sorghum and soybean mixture and 21.8 ton of corn and soybean mixture are both a little better than the yields of those crops in pure culture. Both in soybean and in mungbean, a greater decrease in the yield is brought about by the combination with corn, and they do not show any definite relation between the harvest time and the degree of yield decrease due to mixture.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (378K) -
高杉 成道, 土橋 慶吉1953 年 22 巻 1-2 号 p. 137-139
発行日: 1953/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/14
ジャーナル フリーThe object of the present study reported in this paper was to find the degree of resistance of lucerne to acidity of soils. Lucerne is a long-lived, very deeply. rooted perennial. Upon germenation, a strong taproot develops rapidly and penetrates almost vertically downward in the soil with optimum pH values. But in acid soils, severe injury was observed in the germination and taproot's development of seedlings. There are many factors in injury of acidity. According to our research, one of the factors, Al-ion, checks the rapidity of germination and of taproot's development of seedlings. Its injury was greater than that of H-ion. In the degree of Al-ion injury, there was a great difference between two varieties, Ranger and the local variety. In order to breed the strains with resistance to acid soils, it will be desirable to consider of individual selection in the early stage of growth.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (470K) -
長井 保, 榎本 中衞1953 年 22 巻 1-2 号 p. 140
発行日: 1953/12/25
公開日: 2008/02/14
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (308K)