巻号一覧
25 巻, 1 号
選択された号の論文の12件中1～12を表示しています
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平野 哲也, 島田 裕之, 小野寺 守一1956 年 25 巻 1 号 p. 1-7
発行日: 1956/10/01
公開日: 2008/02/14
ジャーナル フリー1. It was reported before by the same authors, that in the northeastern districts of Japan, rice culture by late transplanting would be successfully practiced without any remarkable yield decreases provided the nursery plants be raised either by sparser seeding or by later seeding. In the present report the results of studies are given on the growth of rice plants grown by such particular methods, with special reference to the accumulation and translocation of carbohydrates as well as the behavior of inorganic elements such as N, K, P or Si in the plant. 2. The experimental plots of nursery were arranged as follows : (1) Seeding-density series - a) Standard culture plot, b) Sparse seeding - late transplanting plot, c) Dense seeding - late transplanting plot. (2) Nursery-period-length series - a) Standard culture plot, b) Sparse seeding - late transplanting plot, c) Late seeding - late transplanting plot. 3. With regard to the dry weight gained by the individual seedling plant at the end of the nursery period, the plots were found to be ranked as follows : (1) In the seeding-density series : - Sparse seeding - late transplanting plot > Dense seeding - late transplanting plot > Standard culture plot. (2) In the nursery-period-length series : - Sparse seeding-late transplanting plot < Late seeding - late transplanting plot < Standard culture plot. 4. C/N ratios in the plants at the time of transplanting were higher both in the sparse seeding plot and in the dense seeding plot than in the standard culture plot. 5. After transplanting, however, the progress of accumulation and translocation of starch, sugars, total carbohydrates or nitrogen compounds in the plants were found practically not different among them raised from the three plots of the nursery-period-length series. Translocation of accumulated substances to developing ears was assumed to have taken place smoothly in every plant from all the plots. The fact shown in the previous report, that, when seeded sparsely and late in the nursery, rice plants, though may be transplanted late, can yield nearly as well as those of standard culture, might be explained by such behaviors of the substances in the plants. 6. When the densely sown seedlings were transplanted late, both the tillering and heading delayed, and consequently the translocation of starch into the ears was retarded, resulting in poorer yields of crop. 7. Generally in late transplanting culture, the nitrogen content of plants increased more rapidly during the period of about 10-20 days after transplanting. As the germs of blast disease parasites prevail usually at that time, larger attention must be paid for control of the disease. 8. It is suggested that, for late transplanting culture of rice in those districts, especially early ripening, highly productive and blast resistant varieties should be used, and moreover, sufficient cares in nursery management and other cultural practices are desirable, even when sparse-sowing or late-sowing methods are adopted.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (935K) -
藤井 定吉1956 年 25 巻 1 号 p. 8-10
発行日: 1956/10/01
公開日: 2008/02/14
ジャーナル フリーRape varieties, "Norin-No.12" and "Norin-No.16" were planted in spring at high lands in Nagano Prefecture, and processes of seed development and oil formation in seed were studied. The plants grew vigorously, and the growth rates of the pod and the seed were much more rapid than those in the autumn-seeded rape. But the seed was poorly filled up and its oil content was low. Iodine number of seed oil in "Norin-No.12" was low at the early stage of seed development, increasing rapidly untill the middle stage, and then declining slowly in the later period. In "Norin-No.16", later decline was rather obscure. Probably the relatively higher temperatures in summer accelerating the growth rate of seed during its development, hindered it from full enlarging and rich accumulation of oil, and moreover lowered the iodine number of the oil in the earlier stages.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (524K) -
松島 省三, 岡部 俊, 和田 源七1956 年 25 巻 1 号 p. 11-12
発行日: 1956/10/01
公開日: 2008/02/14
ジャーナル フリーUsing the same apparatus reported in the previous papers, the authors made further experiments. 1) The differences of the light curves of carbon assimilation in nursery beds between thinly and thickly spaced rice-seedlings could hardly be found. 2) Nitrogen supplies at different growing stages always increased the photosynthetic activity of rice plants. Especially, the top-dressing at the beginning stage of panicle differentiation caused the rice plants to make a marked increase in the rate of carbon assimilation per unit leaf-area. 3) Drought and shading treatments decreased the rate of carbon assimilation, but the assimilating rates of shaded plants were much more active than the normal ones at a certain period after finishing. the treatments. 4) Fertile tillers (which bear heads) were superior to sterile tillers (which fail to head) in the photosynthetic activity at the time shortly after the stage of maximum number of tillers. 5) Rice plants subjected to strong wind decreased their photosynthetic activity. 6) Carbon assimilation of rice plants in actual fields were measured also. The results were nearly the same as those of previous papers, except for the seasonal changes of carbon assimilation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (417K) -
馬場 赳, 高橋 保夫, 岩田 岩保, 田島 公一1956 年 25 巻 1 号 p. 13-14
発行日: 1956/10/01
公開日: 2008/02/14
ジャーナル フリーVarietal differences in the susceptibility to "Akagare" disease were examined by pot experiments using particular paddy soil on which disease habitually occurs. Several varieties were grown on the soil with and without potassium supply in 1954, and also with potassium, without potassium, and without potassium but supplied with starch to the soil in 1955. Lack of potassium led to the occurrence of the disease and varietal differences in the susceptibility were observed. High negative correlation was observed between the susceptibility and starch content or content of acid hydrolyzable polysaccharides+starch. Positive correlation was found with soluble-N/starch or soluble-N/(protein-N×starch), but no significant correlation with soluble-N content, soluble-N/protein-N and K2O/N. The respiratory rate of leaves showed no significant correlation to the occurrence of the disease, but respiratory rate/starch content showed high correlation. From these results the susceptibility of rice variety seems to be closely connected with the content of respiratory substrate in plant.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (368K) -
遠藤 沖吉1956 年 25 巻 1 号 p. 15-16
発行日: 1956/10/01
公開日: 2008/02/14
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (452K) -
渋谷 常紀, 鈴木 正行1956 年 25 巻 1 号 p. 17-18
発行日: 1956/10/01
公開日: 2008/02/14
ジャーナル フリーThe abortion of fertilized ovule, which results in failure of normal seed formation, occurred more frequently in Virginia type of peanut as compared with Spanish type. Majority of such abortion exceeded absolutely at upper ovule over that at lower one and also at quite early stage of fruit formation, that is, within 10 days after penetration of gynophore into soil. Through microscopical examination it was revealed that the abortion of this kind was quite different from the case of unfilled fruit formation which had been described in the previous reports, and a cause for abortion was considered the unbalanced or inactive intake of nutrient substances into young ovules.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (389K) -
加戸 輝義1956 年 25 巻 1 号 p. 19-21
発行日: 1956/10/01
公開日: 2008/02/14
ジャーナル フリー1. The time intervals among successive appearance of new tillers in the ruch plant may vary according to the environmental conditions around the plant. From the results of the author's observations, however, it was ascertained that, under a definite condition, the number of days for every new tiller to develope in succession was nearly constant in this plant. 2. Every tiller appears on the second or third, sometimes even on the fourthnode of the mother stem. The author denominated the series of superposed tillers, each from the second node of the preceding one, as the "first tillering rank", and the series just analogous to that in construction, but starting from the third node of the stems of the "first tillering rank", as the "second tillering rank", and so on. (Fig. 1) The appearance of the third stem of the "first tillering ranp" occurs almost at the same time as that of a tiller from the third node of the first stem of the same rank. Such systematic and synchronic behavior of tillering lasts in the further course of growth. 3. Therefore, either the tillers which should appear at the same time, or the existent number of tillers of the whole plant may be given by a simple numerical formulation based on the tiller orders in the "first tillering rank".抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (408K) -
鳥山 國士, 豊川 良一1956 年 25 巻 1 号 p. 22-23
発行日: 1956/10/01
公開日: 2008/02/14
ジャーナル フリーTo elucidate the effects of crop rotation upon weed control, observations were made of occurrence of weeds in thirty one experimental plots of field, twenty-six of those being under rotation and the others under continuous cropping. The dominant species of weeds accompanying a crop were found to vary according to the kind of the crop, and were affected by its cultivation practices, e.g. seeding time of the crop, culture management, etc. or also by the growth habit of the crop. On the continuous cropping fields, the characteristic effects of the crop upon weeds were found remarkably cumulative, while on the rotation fields, the diversity of weed species changed according to the cropping system. Among the cropping systems examined in this study, the three year rotation with a course of "potato-wheat-Chinese cabbage-corn" and the two-year rotation with "potato-wheat-buckwheat" were found to bring about comparatively sparse occurrence of weeds ; on the other hand, the three-year rotation with "potato-rape-green fodder soybean-wheat-seed soybean", the two-ear rotation with "barnyard millet-wheat-soybean" and the two-year rotation with "potato-wheat-soybean" generally tended to court heavier infestation with weeds.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (403K) -
高橋 浩之, 渋澤 梅治郎1956 年 25 巻 1 号 p. 24-27
発行日: 1956/10/01
公開日: 2008/02/14
ジャーナル フリーIn this report, the results of the authors' studies on the changes in physical properties of the soil of fields due to alternate conversion of it into upland vs. lowland conditions, togetherwith the effects of these on the growth and yields of the crops cultivated, are dealt with. The soil of a paddy field continually cropped with paddy in summer every year was simultaneously examined for comparison in the study. 1. The outline of the results are given briefly in the tables 5∼11. 2. On a field converted from an irrigated paddy field into upland condition, the following facts were observed : (1) Soybean growth and its yield in the first year after conversion were found considerably good, while in the succeeding years the yield decreased gradually. (2) Red clover yielded rather poorly in the first year, but gave a remarkably higher harvest the next year. (3) Sweet potato yields were also lowest in the first year, being improved however through the succeeding years gradually. (4) The yield of wheat was higher on the converted field than that on the ordinary paddy field. 3. The growth and yields of paddy crops on lowland fields reconverted from upland condition were found better, especially in the first year, than those on ordinary paddy lands under continual cropping of paddy in every year's summer. The difference in physical properties of soil between the converted and non-converted lowland fields was conspicuous in the first year after conversion, but it became slight in the third year.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (647K) -
浦野 啓司, 荒井 好邦1956 年 25 巻 1 号 p. 28-29
発行日: 1956/10/01
公開日: 2008/02/14
ジャーナル フリーThe present investigation was carried out to ascertain the effect of protein constituents extracted from corn pollen on precipitin reaction. The results obtained are as follows : (1) Fraction analysis of protein contained in the extracts of pollen of the corn plant, var. "Reid's Early Yellow" was carried out. The filtrates were separated into four portions, A, B, C and D; and A contained all fractions of protein and the others contained albumin+globulin-α+globulin-β, albumin+Globulin-α, and albumin, respectively. (2) Rabbits were treated with the filtrates and the antiserum thereby produced were tested by the "Ring" Precipitation with each antigen. (3) The fractions albumin, globulin-β and globulin-γ reacted strongly, while globulin-α reacted weakly.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (386K) -
浦野 啓司, 荒井 好邦1956 年 25 巻 1 号 p. 29-30
発行日: 1956/10/01
公開日: 2008/02/14
ジャーナル フリー(1) The relation between quantities of antigen made from corn pollen and its precipitin reaction was examined. Four levels of antigen quantity, 32.44mg, 48.66mg, 52.94mg, and 81.10mg as protein, were tested. (2) From the results, it was elucidated that the larger the quantity of antigen used, the clearer becomes the precipitin reaction.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (355K) -
浦野 啓司, 荒井 好邦1956 年 25 巻 1 号 p. 30-32
発行日: 1956/10/01
公開日: 2008/02/14
ジャーナル フリーIn the previous report, URANO, one of the authors, has reported on the difference in protein constituents of the extract of pollen and on the close relation between the difference and the precipitin reaction. Now, in the corn plant, it has been assumed that heterosis is more remarkable when the parent plants are remotely related than when they are closely related. In the present paper the authors concern the relation between the heterosis and the precipitin reaction. The results of experimental studies done are as follows : (1) Nine single crosses of corn plants were used as material. (2) Correlation coefficients between the grade in precipitin reactions of the parent lines and the extent of heterosis in F1 represented by its grain yield were = -0.430±0.3412 by judgement of precipitation with nakedeyes, and - 0.921±0.1473 by that with chemical analysis. While the coefficient obtained by using the weights of the F1 whole plants was r = -0.753±0.2458. (3) Thus, by means of precipitin tests we may estimate the intensity of heterosis indirectly. If we recognize the fact that higher heterosis is usually obtained between the inbred parents of a more remote relationship, it may be possible to diagnose the latter in the corn plant by the precipitin method iustead of the crossing test.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (464K)
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