The person-years and work-years lost based on cancer death statistics of Japan in 1970 were studied. Male cancer deaths were about 14, 000 more than female in Japanese statistics. In spite of the fact, the work-years lost had no difference between male and female, so I think a very interesting phenomenon. This fact was reported by Murray, namely, the male deaths by all cancers were about 29, 000 more than female in U. S. A. of 1968, but the work-years lost was not almost significant between male and female. The stomach cancer, its work-years and person-years lost were the first of cancer death by site at both sexes in Japan. The lung cancer was the first cause in male and the breast cancer was the first cause in female in U. S.A., so there were remarkable defferences between both countries. Observing by age, male deaths from stomach cancer showed a peak at 75-79years, but the person-years lost arrived to a top of the curve at 60-64 year age group and lay about 15 years toward younger age. Male leukemia showed a different pattern, i.e., the mortality rate showed a gentle convex with peak of 70-74 year age group, but the person-years lost showed a decreasing curve with aging. Then it was a charactristic curve. A bimodial curve with the high peak at 10-14 year age group, the low peak at 65-69 year age group was seen in the cancer statistics of U. S. A., but this curve was not found in Japanese male leukemia.

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The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether the usual stepping exercise load might prove useful or not in evaluating cariovascular endurance correctly. Experimental tests were administerd to nine healthy college women. The way of the stepping exercise was to step up and down rhythimically the benches of 35cm and 40 cm in the frequency of 30 per min for 3 minutes and 5 minutes. These results were analyzed in relations with subjects' physique, some physical performance, ma×imum oxygen intake, etc.1. The average test scores were as follows: 35cm×3min 35cm×5min 40cm×3min 40cm×5min 58.5±6.32 56.9±5.84 54.8±7.76 53.7±6.682. The average maximum oxygen intake was 1.66 l/min (32.2±3.39 ml /kg·min). The maximum heart rate and resting heart rate were 180.3 ±12.46 and 68.0 ±7.30 beats/min, respectively.3. The average 12-min running distance was 2161±122.20m. The exhaustive riding time and the leg strength were 15' 09" 4 ±59" 1 and 26.2±5.90kg, respectively.4. The correlation between the step test scores and the maximum oxygen intake did not reach the level of significance in these tests. The correlation coefficient of 35cm×5min was not significant, but it was the highest(r=0.278, p>0.05).5. The correlation between the step test scores and the 12-min running distance were significant at 1% level in the tests of 35cm×3min and 35cm×5min and at 5% level in test of 40cm×5min.6. The correlation between the 12-min running distance and the maximum oxygen in take did not reach the level of significance.7. From the above results, we consider 35cm×3min proper as the stepping exercise load for college women.

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We made investigations of the 53 persons in the Shimogo Section (24 males and 29 females) in September, 1976 and of the 54 persons in the Kamisugamata Section (18 males and 36 females) in April, 1977, and came to the conclusion with the following results.I On the cephalic, facial, percussive and auscultatory findings1) As to bodily type, a lean and tall type is seen in many males and corpulence or emaciation is seen in many females.2) As to senile baldness, more males are sufferers from it in any age-group with a statistically significant difference.As to white hair, no statistically significant difference between the sexes can be seen in any age-group.3) Arcus senilis is seen in both the males and the females over 40 years old. No statistically significant difference can be seen between the sexes in any age-group.4) More males have special long-hair in their eyebrows and their external ear holes, etc., with statistically significant differences.5) The latter section has more sufferers from abnormal knee-jerk, conjunctivitis and accentuation of second aortic sound, and this seems to be due to the fatigue of their farm work.6) The pigmentary flecks of skin. are seen in the males and the females over 40 years old, and the older is age, the more are the pigmentary flecks of skin. No statistically significant difference between the sexes can be seen.II On the blood pressure, ECG findings and the results of urine examination1) The average value and the standard deviation of maximum and minimum blood pressure of the males over 40 years old in the Shimogo Section are 137.3±18.7 mmHg and 83.0±11.6 mmHg, and those of the females in the same section are 151.4±28.0 mmHg and 79.9±12.8 mmHg, while those of the males over 40 years old in the Kamisugamata Section are 137.1 ±±21.2 mmHg and 81.4± 9.9 mmHg, and those of the females in the same section are 140.7±18.1 mmHg and 81.3±11.3 mmHg. No statistically significant differences can be seen between the sections or sexes.2) ECG findings can be seen in 8.3% of the males and 31.0% of the females in the former section and in 31.0% of both the males and the females in the latter section. The males in the latter section have more findings than those of the former section, though the difference is statistically insignificant. This may be due to their overwork in the busy farming season.3) As to positive reaction of urobilinogen in urine, nobody is suffering from it in the former section, while as many as 2 males (11.1%) and 12 females (35.3%) are suffering from it in the latter section. This seems to be due to the fatigue of their farm work in the busy farming season, as in the case of ECG findings. As to albuminuria, 2 males and 5 females in the latter section are suffering from it. As to glycosuria, 2 males in the former section and 1 female in the latter section are suffering from it.III On the blood picture and the liver function1) The average value and the standard deviation of the specific gravity of whole?blood of the males and females in the Shimogo Section are 1.0567±0.0020, and 1.0538±0.0019 respectively, while those of the males and females in the Kamisugamata Section are 1.0563±0.0020, and 1.0538±0.0021 respectively. 2 males (8.3% )and 3 females (10.8%) of lower specific gravity are found in the former section, while 2 males (11.1%) and 6 females (17.1%) are found in the latter section. The latter section has more persons of lower specific gravity, but as to the average value, no statistically significant differences can be seen between the sections.2) As to the average value and the standard deviation of the amount of hemoglobins, the males have 15.64±0.76g/dl and the females have 13.96±1.21g/dl in the Shimogo Section, while the males have 16.13±2.09g/dl and the females have 14.01±1.69g/dl in the Kamisugamata Section. 1 mate (4.2%) and 1 female (3.6%) of lower densit

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