Japanese Journal of Health and Human Ecology

Kyoto Development Test was administered to 1124 children with 575 boys and 549 girls aged from one to three and six months, living in T City in China. We made the comparison of the results of this test with average scores of Standardization of Kyoto Development Test standardization. The following three points were established. 1) Due to different language culture and different rearing environment, much more diversity was revealed from comparison of the age of pass rate at 50% and 75% between Chinese children and Japanese children. However, it showed that Kyoto Development Test was applicable to Chinese children because pass rate was far beyond 50 percent on the quantity items with the fitted age. 2) In repetition test, Chinese children made better than Japanese children because of contraction of syllables in course of using Chinese. The result indicated that Japanese criterion was not available for evaluating the abilities of numbers memorization of Chinese children. And it needed to regulate par of difficulty and alter the qualification level. 3) The pictures of telephone in the original examination items were different from those in Chinese culture, which caused pass rate lower, and thus they needed to be replaced.

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Seasonality of nutrient intake was evaluated by 7-successive-day food consumption survey in the ordinary season (March) and the slack season (June) of fish catch among 13 married couples in a Solomon Islands society, who were engaged in traditional horticulture and fishing, together with time allocation study. Males' time spent in gardening and fishing was significantly shorter in June than in March (gardening: -48 min/d, and fishing: -43 min/d; P<0 .05, respectively), while there was no seasonal difference in females. On the other hand, males spent more time in hunting and marketing, and females in particular did more time in marketing (P<0.01). No significant difference in energy intake between March and June was observed for either sex. The protein intake was significantly lower in June than in March (males: -23.9 g/d, P<0.01; females: -12.0 g/d, P<0.05). The males' fat intake was significantly higher in June than in March (+14.8 g/d, P<0.05), thought not significantly in females. To compensate the smaller amount of fish catch in June, the villagers spent more time in hunting and marketing, and they took larger amounts of coconut and a kind of nut, which abounds with fat . This study thus suggested that changes in food obtaining activities and food intake patterns of the villagers played significant roles to cope with seasonal shortage of fish catch.

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