表面科学
Online ISSN : 1881-4743
Print ISSN : 0388-5321
ISSN-L : 0388-5321
36 巻, 3 号
選択された号の論文の12件中1~12を表示しています
巻頭言
特 集: 表面電子系のキャリアトランスポート
  • 長谷川 修司
    原稿種別: 総合報告
    2015 年 36 巻 3 号 p. 104-111
    発行日: 2015/03/10
    公開日: 2015/03/24
    ジャーナル フリー
    Thanks to advances in in situ measurements techniques in ultra-high vacuum and emergent materials (Rashba-type surfaces and topological insulators), surface states on crystals provide interesting topics such as two-dimensional super-conductivity, spin-polarized electronic transport, and spin current, due to broken symmetry and spin-orbit interaction.
  • 内橋 隆, 吉澤 俊介
    原稿種別: 研究紹介
    2015 年 36 巻 3 号 p. 112-117
    発行日: 2015/03/10
    公開日: 2015/03/24
    ジャーナル フリー
    Silicon surface reconstructions with metal adatoms are two-dimensional systems with atomic-scale thickness. We have successfully measured the superconducting transition of a representative silicon surface reconstruction Si(111)-(√7×√3)-In by electron transport measurement. In this article, we report our results together with the experimental techniques and future prospect for surface superconductors.
  • 岡本 徹, 枡富 龍一
    原稿種別: 研究紹介
    2015 年 36 巻 3 号 p. 118-123
    発行日: 2015/03/10
    公開日: 2015/03/24
    ジャーナル フリー
    This article reviews recent low-temperature magnetotransport measurements on cleaved semiconductor surfaces covered with other materials. The quantum Hall effect was observed in surface inversion layers of InAs and InSb. For an InAs(110) surface covered with a submonolayer of Fe, hysteresis in the magnetoresistance occurs. It is associated with spin-glass ordering in the Fe film. We also report two-dimensional superconducting state of monolayer Pb films grown on GaAs(110) in a strong parallel magnetic field. The experimental results are consistently explained in terms of an inhomogeneous superconducting state predicted for Rashba spin-split 2D systems.
  • 町田 友樹, 森川 生, 増渕 覚, 守谷 頼, 渡邊 賢司, 谷口 尚
    原稿種別: 研究紹介
    2015 年 36 巻 3 号 p. 124-128
    発行日: 2015/03/10
    公開日: 2015/03/24
    ジャーナル フリー
    We report on coherent carrier transport in high quality dual-gate graphene encapsulated by hexagonal boron nitride. The graphene in-plane npn junction, which was realized by tuning the top and back gate voltages, showed a clear resistance oscillation due to the Fabry-Perot interference in the npn cavity. When a small magnetic field was applied, the oscillation phase was shifted by π, indicating the observation of the Klein tunneling at the pn interfaces. In high magnetic fields, the resistance across the npn junctions exhibited distinct oscillations, whose trajectories were well reproduced by the numerical calculation assuming the magnetic flux quantization in the insulating region between the co-propagating p and n quantum Hall edge channels. The results suggest the coherent interference of carriers at the graphene quantum Hall pn junction.
  • 藤井 慎太郎, 木口 学
    原稿種別: 研究紹介
    2015 年 36 巻 3 号 p. 129-134
    発行日: 2015/03/10
    公開日: 2015/03/24
    ジャーナル フリー
    Charge transport though single molecular junctions was investigated by break junction (BJ) technique. In the single molecular junction, a molecule is bounded to two metal electrodes to form metal-molecule hybrid. Due to the low dimensionality and interface effects at the metal-molecule contact in the hybrid system, the junctions display unique electronic properties not found in bulk counterpart. Here we demonstrate two examples of the unique electronic properties found in our recent studies. The first one is the electronic switching functionality that originates from external force-assisted reversible change in the contact geometries on the atomic scale at the metal-molecule interface for pyridine and thiophene junctions. The other one is the long range one-dimensional non-resonant tunneling transport for single π-stacked junctions. These findings on the unique electronic properties of the single molecular junctions provide fundamental guidance toward potential applications in molecular electronic devices.
  • 村上 修一
    原稿種別: 研究紹介
    2015 年 36 巻 3 号 p. 135-140
    発行日: 2015/03/10
    公開日: 2015/03/24
    ジャーナル フリー
    We review various topics on surface physics related with topological insulators. We first explain properties of topological insulators and associated surface Dirac cones. The surface states of topological insulators are different from conventional surface states in that they are characterized by topological numbers calculated from bulk wavefunctions. We then show physics related with hybridization of multiple Dirac cones from topological insulator surfaces. Such hybridization is realized in thin films, interfaces, and superlattices of topological insulators. In thin films the hybridization opens a gap in the surface states, whereas in interfaces and superlattices, the presence or absence of the surface gap and resulting band structure depends on system parameters and chiralities of the surface Dirac cones. Lastly we review the physics of Weyl and Dirac semimetals, and their implications in novel surface states.
連載企画
環境問題と表面科学
  • 坂本 和彦
    2015 年 36 巻 3 号 p. 141-143
    発行日: 2015/03/10
    公開日: 2015/03/24
    ジャーナル フリー
    ペルギーのミユーズ渓谷事件(1930),米国のピッツバーグ近郊のドノラ渓谷事件(1948)に続いて,1952年12月4日から10日にかけてイギリスのロンドンで硫黄酸化物と煤煙による大気汚染が発生した。これが有名なロンドンスモッグ(smog:smokeとfogの合成語)であり,石炭燃焼やディーゼル車から排出された硫酸ミストを含む黒色の粒子状物質(PM)とニ酸化硫黄(SO2)が薄い大気層に閉じ込められて発生した高濃度汚染である。我が国でも産業発展の過程において,同様な激甚大気汚染が発生している。本稿ではわが国のPM汚染の変遷を概観し,現時点における課題と解決に向けた取り組みを整理する。
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