巻号一覧
36 巻 (1991)
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36 巻, 1 号
選択された号の論文の17件中1～17を表示しています
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原稿種別: 表紙
1991 年 36 巻 1 号 p. Cover1-
発行日: 1991/06/01
公開日: 2017/09/27
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原稿種別: 表紙
1991 年 36 巻 1 号 p. Cover2-
発行日: 1991/06/01
公開日: 2017/09/27
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原稿種別: 付録等
1991 年 36 巻 1 号 p. App1-
発行日: 1991/06/01
公開日: 2017/09/27
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里見 悦郎原稿種別: 本文
1991 年 36 巻 1 号 p. 1-13
発行日: 1991/06/01
公開日: 2017/09/27
ジャーナル フリーThe purpose of this study was to make clear the influences on socialism sports system,being caused by Sports Perestroeka in Soviet after 1985. It is possible to point out two special features of this Sports Perestroeka. That is, the first purpose to carry out Sports Perestroeka is to solve many problems that soviet sports faces, the second is that the political and financial reform brought about the reform of Soviet sports system. There are concrete measures of Sports Perestroeka as follows. 1. To open sports problems (the delay of construction on sports institutions, the low quality of sports instrument), and to design concrete measures and to carry out. 2. To reorganize sports administration. Particularly, it is carried out to cut the subsidy for Soviet state committee and to introduce the self-supporting accounting system and to democratize the state control system for sports. 3. To promote the exchange with western sports society and to introduce western new sports (baseball, American foot ball) and oriental military arts (Yushy, Karate). Particulary,soviet sports officials have given permission to the nation's finest athletes to play in professional teams abroad. 4. There is for racial self-determination to be linked with Olympic movement and organize National olympic committeds in regional countries. These results suggest that the special features for socialism sports system, that are state financial support system and state control system for sport's popularization and strengthening,are changing now. Owing to Sports Perestroeka, soviet state sports committee is introducing the self-supporting accounting system is democratized. The socialism sports idea, that sports movement should be used for constructing socialism, is facing the critical situation whether they are denied or not. Soviet state sports committee is planning to establish the new socialism sports system by uniting the socialism state sports system and democratic sports system.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1329K) -
工藤 孝幾原稿種別: 本文
1991 年 36 巻 1 号 p. 15-26
発行日: 1991/06/01
公開日: 2017/09/27
ジャーナル フリーThe purpose of this study was twofold, one was to examine whether the effects of variability of practice upon retention and transfer can be found not only in recall but also in recognition of motor memory. The second objective was to examine whether those effects are due to the formation of motor schemata (Schmidt, 1975) or to the contextual interference effect (Battig,1979). Sixty-four subjects performed a novel aiming task designed by Kudo (1989), and were randomly assigned to the following four groups. A Constant group practiced 96 trials of the same target, whereas a Random group practiced 96 trials of four different targets in a random order.The remaining two groups also practiced 96 trials of four different targets, but the practice schedules were changed. A Block 6 group practiced at one target for six trials, whereas a Block 12 group practiced at one target for 12 trials continuously. All groups were tested on new targets immediately and one week later. The results were as follows. (1) Almost the same results were obtained in both recall and recognition measures. (2) Comparing the test performances of a Constant group with the two blocked practite groups, inconsistent results were obtained. These results suggest that "the variability of practice hypothesis" was not neccessafily supported. (3) Large decrements of performance in the one week retention interval were found in the blocked practice groups,whereas the random group's decrement was very small. Morover, the random group's performance in the transfer test was better than those of blocked groups. These results suggest that facilitation of retention and transfer by the variability of practice might be due to the contextual interference effect. (4) Programming time to perform the aiming fesponse in practice session differed according to the practice schedule conditions. That is, the random group was the longest, while the constant group was the shortest, and the blocked groups were intermediate.These results supported Lee and Magill's (1985) interpretation of the superiority of random scheduling over the blocked scheduling.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1041K) -
国土 将平, 西嶋 尚彦, 松浦 義行原稿種別: 本文
1991 年 36 巻 1 号 p. 27-38
発行日: 1991/06/01
公開日: 2017/09/27
ジャーナル フリーIn order to evaluate the characteristic of performance ability which has to do with stability of performance in track and field, one-parameter logistic function was utilized to describe the achievement probability curve based upon the assumption that athletic performance distributes as normal during such a short period that the ability could not be assumed to change. A parameter of logistic function was used as random variable denoting characteristic of performance ability, because it determines the maximal slope of logistic function and the distribution range of records. About 95% of samples showed successful application of the function. Logistic function parameter; athletic performance characteristic, was different among the athletes and did not show any relationship with records. This is why this parameter is effective for evaluation of one aspect of performance ability.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (952K) -
勝田 茂, 七五三木 聡, 池田 賢, 天貝 均, 大野 敦也原稿種別: 本文
1991 年 36 巻 1 号 p. 39-51
発行日: 1991/06/01
公開日: 2017/09/27
ジャーナル フリーTo investigate the inflences of training intensity on bone development in growing rats, young (4-wk-old) Wistar strain were subjected treadmill running 1 h/day, 5 days/wk for 8 wk with a variety speed: 30 m/min (T30 group),40 m/min (T40 group),50 m/min (T50 group). The results be summarized as follows: 1) In the distal femoral epiphysis, longitudinal growth rate of T30 and T40 groups were significantly higher than C (sedentary age-matched controls) and T50 groups, respectively, and the calculated rate of cartilage cell production of T50 group was the lowest among all 4 groups. 2) No difference in bone mineral content (BMC) of femoral mid-shaft was found between any of the groups, but the BMC/body weight was significantly higher in all T groups than C group. Moreover, BMC/body weight increased with the speed of runnning except for T50 group which was suspected to result in converse bending of femur while running, compared with T30 and T40 groups, in connection with the different contraction styles of muscle groups attached on femur. On the basis of these findings, we concluded that physical training may underlie the various effects, such as acceleration, non-influence and/or inhibition, respoding to exercise intensity, on the bone development.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1233K) -
鍋倉 賢治, 曽根 涼子, 藤井 宣晴, 池上 晴夫原稿種別: 本文
1991 年 36 巻 1 号 p. 53-62
発行日: 1991/06/01
公開日: 2017/09/27
ジャーナル フリーThis study was undertaken to elucidate the relationships among cardiovascular drift (CVD),changes in cardiac functions which were observed during prolonged exercise, and aerobic capacity of subjects. Six male distance runners, five male joggers and five male untrained subjects performed 40-min exercise with work load requiring 50% and 65% of maximal oxygen consumption on a bicycle ergometer. Heart rate, stroke volume, blood pressure, systolic time intervals (STIs) and diastolic time (DT) were calculated from electrocardiogram, phonocardiogram, derivative of ear densitogram, impedance cardiogram and finger arterial pressure wave. 1) The higher the aerobic capacity of subjects, the slighter the CVD during prolonged exercise was. 2) Significant negative correlations were found between the aerobic capacity of subjects and changes in STIs and DT during 50% exercise. However, these relationships were not observed during 65% exercise. 3) During 50% exercise, the higher the aerobic capacity of subjects, the later a trough was formed in the ratio of systolic time to DT (QS_2/DT) and the smaller the change in QS_2/DT after the trough was. These findings suggest that the changes in STIs and DT during prolonged exercise depend on the aerobic capacity of the subjects. It is also sugested that myocardial contractility may be more depressed in the subjects with lower aerobic capacity during prolonged exercise.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (911K) -
大藪 五百子, 佐藤 みどり, 大藪 由夫原稿種別: 本文
1991 年 36 巻 1 号 p. 63-69
発行日: 1991/06/01
公開日: 2017/09/27
ジャーナル フリーSixteen female jazz and aerobic dancers and twelve non-athletes were measured by a progressive isocapnic hypoxia test at rest. And the hypercapnic ventilatory response, as assessed by Read's (1967) ventilatory method, was also investigated in 15 female jazz and aerobic dancers and 12 non-athletes. The ventilatory responses to hypoxia were analyzed by the hyperbola equation: V^^._E=A_<VE>/(P_<ETO2>- 14.3) + V_O where V^^._E is the observed ventilation, V_O the horizontal asymptote in ventilation for infinite end-tidal P_<O2> (P_<ETO2>), A_<VE> the slope constant indicating the magnitude of hypoxic sensitivity, and the constant 14.3 representing the vertical asymptote in P_<ETO2> for infinite ventilation. The absolute magnitude of hypoxic response in ventilation at P_<ETO2> 50 mmHg was also determined as V^^._<50>, calculated as: V^^._<50> = A_<VE> / (P_<ETO2> 50 - 14.3) + V_O = A_<VE> / 35.7 + V_O. The ventilatory response to hyparcapnia were analyzed by the linear regression equation:V^^._E=S (P_<ETCO2> - B) where V^^._E is the observed ventilation, S the slope of the line expressed as change in ventilation per unit change in end-tidal P_<CO2> (P_<ETCO2>), and B the extrapolated intercept on the abscissa (P_<ETCO2> axis). The results were as follows : 1. Jazz and aerobic dancers exhibited a significantly lower hypoxic ventilatory response,V^^._<50> or V^^._<50N>, than the non-athletes. These results suggest the attenuated ventilatory response to hypoxia in dancers is related to hightened endurance capacity obtained from dance training. 2. Jazz and aerobic dancers did not exhibit a significantly lower hypercapnic ventilatory sensitivity, S or S_N than the non-athletes. These results suggest that the dance training does not affect CO_2 chemosensitivity. 3. Significant relationship between hypoxic and hypercapnic ventilatory sensitivities (S vs A_<VE> or S_N VS A_<VEN>) were not found.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (602K) -
原稿種別: 付録等
1991 年 36 巻 1 号 p. 71-
発行日: 1991/06/01
公開日: 2017/09/27
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原稿種別: 付録等
1991 年 36 巻 1 号 p. 72-81
発行日: 1991/06/01
公開日: 2017/09/27
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原稿種別: 付録等
1991 年 36 巻 1 号 p. 83-85
発行日: 1991/06/01
公開日: 2017/09/27
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原稿種別: 付録等
1991 年 36 巻 1 号 p. 87-94
発行日: 1991/06/01
公開日: 2017/09/27
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原稿種別: 文献目録等
1991 年 36 巻 1 号 p. 95-
発行日: 1991/06/01
公開日: 2017/09/27
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原稿種別: 付録等
1991 年 36 巻 1 号 p. App2-
発行日: 1991/06/01
公開日: 2017/09/27
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原稿種別: 表紙
1991 年 36 巻 1 号 p. Cover3-
発行日: 1991/06/01
公開日: 2017/09/27
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原稿種別: 表紙
1991 年 36 巻 1 号 p. Cover4-
発行日: 1991/06/01
公開日: 2017/09/27
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (36K)
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