ゼラチンゾルに有機酸, 砂糖, ペクチンおよび果汁を加えてゾルとゲルの特性をみた結果を要約すると次のようになる.
1) 40～98℃のゼラチンゾルに10%の1N-クエン酸を加えた場合はゲルの硬さは変らないが, 膨潤ゼラチンに同量の酸を加えて加熱した場合, 80℃以上になるとゲル化は阻害される.
2) 各種の有機酸添加ゾルのpHはコハク酸, クエン酸, リンゴ酸, 酒石酸の各ゾルの順に低く, ゲルの硬さはこの順にやわらかくなる.
3) ゼラチンゾルに酸を加えてpHを等電域にすると粘度は低下し泡立ちは大となり固まりやすく溶けにくい硬いゲルが形成され, 等電域よりpH が低くなるにつれて逆の現象がみられる.
4) 酸添加ゼラチンゾルに砂糖を加えると, ゾルの粘度が増加し, ゲル化しやすく, 溶けにくい硬いゲルを形成する. 砂糖とペクチンを同時に加えるとこの傾向はいっそう顕著となる.しかし, ペクチンのみ加えた場合は, ゲル化を阻害する.
5) ゼラチンゾルに加える酸量を一定にした場合, 各果汁のpHには大差がなく, 糖量とペクチン様物質量が多いブドウ汁添加ゾルはゲル化しやすく糖量が少なく多量の分散高分子を含むイチゴ汁添加ゾルはゲル化しにくい.

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油の劣化におよぼす鉄製鍋の影響をみるために, フライパンおよび試験用鋼板を用いて揚油中に移行する鉄量と揚油の諸特性の経時的変化をみた結果を要約すると, 次のようになる.
1) さびた鉄製フライパンからは比較的多量の鉄が揚油中に移行するが後処理のよいフライパンやよく使いこなされた古いフライパンからは溶出しにくい.
2) 鋼板混合油で水添加綿を揚げると, 鉄が油中に移行し, 色差, 粘度, 酸価, TBA 値ともに高くなり, 油は著しく劣化する.油中の鉄量は, 加熱1時間以後一時減少し, また増加しはじめる.
3) 新油より半劣化油の方が鋼板の影響を受けにくい.
4) 鋼板混合油でじゃがいも, 豆腐大鱒を揚げると食品が鉄や有機物を吸着するので揚油中の鉄含量および油の諸特性の経時的変化は鋼板無添加油の場合と大差がない.

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うどんおよびそばのゆでめんについてそのテクスチャーの変化を三値測定法によりゆで条件との関連において検討した.
従来の一点測定法では各めん間の差を必ずしも明瞭に示し得ないのに対し, 三値測定法の特性値は4種のゆでめんの相対的な差をよく表現した. 各特性値の持つ意義とゆで条件との対応関係もよく説明された. またゆで条件に対応する各特性値の変化はめんのテクスチャー特性の解明に役立つことが示唆された.
さらにゆでめんのゆで時間とそれに対応する三値測定法の特性値のグラフからめんの最適のゆで時間を推定することが可能である事が示された.

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Effects of the concentration of a sequestering agent, sodium tripolyphosphate (STP) and sodium hydroxide in presense of 0.2% sodium dodecyl sulphate (NaDS) were studied with regard to the soil removal efficiency of stearic acid from cotton and polyester fabrics in hard water.
It was found that the addition of sodium hydroxide as a builder made soil removal much easier with spontaneous emulsification brought about by the soap formation at the soil-liquor interface. However, in case of STP, the extent of saponification was not strong enough to exhibit ancillary effects. Moreover, in the concentration ranges of STP higher than its stoichiometric sequesteration ratio to calcium ion present in hard water, the presense of STP even decreased the soil removal owing to its negative effects, like other simple electrolytes, on emulsification as well as on solubilization.

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The stiffness of fabrics laminated with non-woven interlining was investigated by using heart-loop method in order to examine its dependence on the orientation of resin adhesive on the interlining. Three kinds of cotton gabardines which differ in their thickness were used as samples. The interlining which has resin spots distributed in a pattern of closest packing was bonded to the fabrics so that line of resin spots may be parallel (G_B-1) or perpendicular (G_B-2) to the direction of warp in texture.
It was found that the stiffness of (G_B-2) samples reflects well that of respective fabrics in comparison with that of corresponding (G_B-1) samples. This result was interpreted well by that the (G_B-2) samples have more concentrated spots of bonding with the thread crossing in fabrics than (G_B-1) samples because of parallel orientation of resin spot to fabrics.

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Long ago the clothing worn by the Ainu race were kera, kap-ur, rap-ur and chep-ur-those of plant, animal skin, bird skin, and fish skin-and since they could get cotton and silk by barter toward the later Edo Era, they came to wear attushi, letarupe, chikar-karpe, ruunpe, kaparamipp, chigiri and mour.
I studied how they put them on, consulting the field surveys based on the evidence by the old there. In this first report I wrote of the quantity and the way of their clothing.
Their fine garment was usually made by a wife with her greatest effort and affection for her husband as a choice present to him, and he did not own so many as the Japanese today. But they had many ways of wearing; for the ceremony, for daily use, and for laboring. What is more, in another district they wore in another way-for instance, some of them used a girdle on the garment as in the case of kimono and others put the garment over their shoulders like haori. As well as the clothing for the adult, there were those for babies and children and for the dead with their own ways and rules.

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For the purpose of planning babies' head-gears, the authors measured 554 babies' heads (350 males and 249 females) aged 1 to 12 months by the tape measure in 1973. The items of measurement included head girth, right tragion-under mandibula-left tragion length, right tragion-protuberantia occipitalis externa-left tragion length, right tragion-vertex-left tragion length, and protuberantia occipitalis externa-vertex-glabella length.
The following results were obtained.
1) Though all measurements increase rapidly especially before 3 or 4 months, the growth rate of each measurement is different. The occipital and parietal regions grow relatively earlier than the temporal, frontal and mandibular regions.
2) Taking the head girth as basic item, 5 sizes of babies' head-gears (S : 38cm, SM : 41cm, M : 44cm, ML : 47cm, L : 50cm) were established and the sizes of other 4 items were estimated by the correlation coefficients between the head girth and them.

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In her paper the writer touches upon the characteristics of the pair of trousers under consideration in reference to the technique used in the present example, by pointing out that the said costume was known to the contemporaries by the Japanese name “tattsuke”.
She examines the details of the present item from the point of view of the history of the Western costume, as she judges that the present example bears evidences of the influence of this type of Western costume that may have worked upon it.

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家庭洗濯において, 海水を洗濯用水として用いた場合の洗浄性を人工汚染布および天然汚染布を用いて検討した. 主な結果は次の通りである.
1) 非イオン活性剤を用いた海水洗浄は脱イオン水と同様の洗浄効果が認められた.
2) SDSを用いた場合は, 脱イオン水より, 海水洗浄の方が洗浄効果が認められた.
3) Na-LASを用いた場合は, 海水を20%含む洗濯用水において脱イオン水より洗浄効果が認められたが海水の濃度が高くなると洗浄効果は低下した.
4) Na-LASを含む配合洗剤を用いての海水洗濯は5°DHの水よりやや洗浄力は低下したが, 利用可能であると考えられる.

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The authors have studied the growth of infants in order to plan infants' clothes. In this report, the relative growth of each part of the body to stature and chest girth is investigated with the allometry equation y=bx^α in which stature or chest girth is taken as x and other items as y. The materials were collected cross-sectionally from the babies aged 1 to 12 months in 1973.
The results are summarized as follows.
1) As for the relative growth to stature, upper and lower extremity length in both sexes and biacromial width in female show monophasic. The items which show diphasic are weight, foot length in both sexes and biacromial width in male. Maximum hip width in both sexes is triphasic. The period of phase shifting, that is, the critical point of each item is observed at 3-4 months when stature is 61-64 cm.
2) As for the relative growth to chest girth, abdominal girth in male is monophasic. That of female shows diphasic and critical point is observed at 1-2 months when chest girth is about 40 cm. Hip girth in both sexes is diphasic and at 3 months the critical point is observed when chest girth is about 43 cm.

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1) 室内溝成として個室の所有家具は, 机が94%, 本棚73%, 箪笥63%, 次いで椅子, ベットの順である. また, 家具の占有面積は10～50%前後となっている.
2) 室内装飾としてのカーテン, 壁, 敷物の色は, カーテンが黄色系統, 壁は茶およびクリーム色系統, 敷物は赤と緑色系統が多い.暖色系統と補色の関係で色彩調節がされている.
3) 個室に対するイメージは「内省的な」と「怠惰な (なまける) 」のマイナスイメージを除くと, 中学では「なじみ深い」「落着いた」「明るい」「若々しい」個室のイメージであり, 高校では「なじみ深い」, 大学では「静かな」「落着いた」というプラスイメージが強い.

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This report was based upon the results of the 1973-74 survey which was made on the transfiguration of the forty-six houses of the families who had settled in Shin-Yamadera, Oishida-machi, Yamagata Prefecture, in 1946-48.
Almost all the houses built at the time of settlement were remodelled or newly constructed from that time, in consequence of higher productivity. But the old-fashioned idea of attaching too much importance to the interior decoration of the drawing-room and of neglecting to improve the imperfectly-equipped bath-room or lavatory was at a very low standard, compared with the idea of houses held by other farm villagers so far surveyed.
The age structure, family make-up, and plots were characteristic of the settling area, but a great influence of the previous living conditions of the settlers was found even at the new start in their lives.

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