The effect of alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride (Alkyl-DBAC) on capillary permeability and on the activity of succinic dehydrogenase was studied in order to understand the inflammatory action of this drug. The capillary permeability increased from 45 min to 4.5 hr after C
12-DBAC was intracutaneously injected. The thresholds of capillary permeability fly was 0.01% When C
12-DBAC was intracutaneously injected in rabbit, 0.005% when intraperitoneally injected in mice, and 1.0% when externally applied on rabbit. The capillary permeability was influenced by the presence of keratinous layer. The capillary permeability depended on the chain length of Alkyl-DBAC and its maximum was at C
12. The activity of succinic dehydrogenase was inhibited by the high concentration of Alkyl-DBAC. The inhibitory action of Alkyl-DBAC reached a maximum at C
12. The threshold of C
12-DBAC on capillary permeability and the inhibitory concentration on the succinic dehydrogenase were nearly the same but the activity of liver homogenate succinic dehydrogenase was activated by the low concentration of C
12-DBAC ana this effect was inhibited by phospholipase C.
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