It is indicated in the contrast laryngogram that the larynx and trachea are moved upward during phonation and the shape of the laryngeal cavity is changed, but that of the trachea is not changed during respiration and phonation. When both laryngrams during phonation and respiration are superimposed at the portion of the trachea, the change of the laryngeal cavity, that is, the movement of the vocal and false cords can be quantitatively observed. Twenty six cases of unilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis and 4 cases of bilateral paralysis were examined by contrast laryngography. It was found that the vocal cord on diseased side is slightly adducted during phonation in 11 cases of unilateral paralysis and is abducted (paradoxical movement) in 2 cases. In 4 cases of bilateral paralysis the vocal cord was noticed to be adducted in six sides.
These findings correspond to the electromyographical observation that some electrical activities of laryngeal muscles on the paralysed side are recorded in many cases of the recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis.

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It has been reported by Lierle and Reger that 1-minute exposure to pure tone at 20 dB SL produced more PI-TTS (Pure Tone-Induced Temporary Threshold Shift) at the exposure frequencies than exposures at 80 dB SL. The purpose of this study is to investigate possible effects of auditory fatigue due to the SISI (Short Increment Sensitivity Index) test tone in Jerger's method on the responses to the 1 dB-intensity increment.
A PI-TTS test was presented at 14 patients with a unilateral inner ear deafness, who were diagnosed by Jerger's SISI test and Fowler's balance test. The PI-TTS following a 1-minute exposure to pure tone (as a rule, 1000 Hz and 4000 Hz) at 20 dB above patient's threshold was determined by means of Békèsy technique. As a results, PITTS exceeded 20 dB was not found in all subjects, in whom the maximum amount of TTS was 16 dB. On the other hand, all subjects showed narrow excursion of amplitude, below 3 dB at 1000Hz and below 2 dB at 4000 Hz, in Békèsy audiometryafter exposure. If subjects of cochlear and retrocochlear deafness with high tone decay heard the SISI test tone for longer period of time, the SISI test tone might fade to inaudibility to the 1 dB-intensity increment.

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The authors reported a case of 37 years old male who was diagnosed as acoustic neurinoma with profound deafness of the right ear. The tumor was situated at the inner opening of the internal acoustic meatus and exstirpated successfully via the suboccipital route by the neurosurgeons of the Nagasaki University Hospital. After the operation, hearing of the operated ear started to improve, both subjectively and objectively. Four months later, the hearing was almost normal except for the high tone range. However, the self-recording audiometry of the operated ear showed the Bekesy tracing of type IV according to the classification of Jerger, and the articulation score was78% by the speech audiometry. Some discussions were made concerning the hearing impairement and the route of the operative approach for the removal of acoustic tumors.

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Recently, the number of patients with otogenie intracranial complications has been decreased due to of antibiotics. However, the diagnosis of this complication was made difficult in the early stage because cranial symptoms are concealed by administration of abundant antibiotics. Therefore, treatments for this complication may be often missed.
Case 1. A fisher man who is 31 years old. He complained of severe headaches with fevers, left ear discharges and an amnestic aphasia. He was diagnosed the case as a cholesteatom otitis media with propagations of inflammations to the cerebrum. At first, a radical mastoidectomy was performed in hisleft ear. Although most of symptoms disappeared, only headaches and an amnestic aphasia were still remained. Moreover, neurological examinations revealed existence of a cerebral abscess in the left temporal region, therefore, a cerebral puncture was performed to suck pus being within the abscess, but it was unsuccessful. Besides, after the puncture, symptoms of a brain herniation appeared abruptly. At last, an exstirpation of the abscess was accomplished by a craniotomy. But this patient became comatoseafter the operation and deadafterall. An autopsy was carried out.
Case 2. This patient is an officer who is 31 years old. He got a mastoiditis with symptoms of meningitis during one week.After an excision of cholesteatoms in both ears, most of symptoms disappeared, but only amnestic aphasia was still remained. And by neurological examinations, a cerebral abscess was found in theleft temporal region. At present, although he is in good health, only aphasia is still remained.

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Rhinomanometry has a long past history and various kinds of methods have been used according to the purposes. In this paper, a historical introduction of these methods is made and these methods are classified into several types. Rhinomanometry is a very useful approach to the study of nasal allergy, because nasal obstruction is the important symptom in nasal allergy. Changes of nasal airway resistance can be observed after challenge of allergen to nasal mucosa. Combined method of rhinomanometry is used in order to observe the nasal sensitivity of nasal allergic patients. Disodium cromoglicate is regarded as a drug which has a blocking effect to allergic reaction on the mucosa. The effectiveness is examined in nasal allergic patient by use of combined method of rhinomanometry. Disodium cromoglicate shows a statistical significance comparing with placebo.
Rhinomanometry is clinically useful in the study of nasal allergy.

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The author established a new equipment for acoustical measurement of tubal function which led test sound to the tubal opening directly using tubal catheter. Principle of this method is the cancelation of resonance effects of nasal cavity, oral cavity, pharynx and hypopharynx, which are suspected on Perlman's method. Model experiment were performed on this new equipment in order to verify the accuracy of this principle. The results did not show the basic amplitude and multi phasic pattern in the curve given in the datas of Perlman's method but the monopolar spike pattern during swallowing. There are high variability in the distribution of the datas between subjects and also some variability within subjects.

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The authors reported the following symptoms and results in the case of a 44-yearold woman suffering from disorder in the chordoma of the cervical vertebrae.
The patient complained of difficulty in swallowing, dysphonia, weakness in the left upper extremity and swelling of the left posterior pharyngeal wall. The X-ray films showed partial destruction of the third and fourth vertebrae and deviatio n of the trachea and esophagus to the right side due to the pressure of the tumor. The definitive diagnosis was determined by pathohistological examination. The tumor was completely removed by approaching through a lateral incision of the neck. Two years after surgery the patient is normal and no recurrence of the tumor is evident. The authors made a review of literature concerning chordoma.

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It has been shown that the relative biological activities of protease and antiprotease have modified a various phase of inflammation. Especially when the antiprotease was removed from an inflammatory locus, it has been showed that a specific chronic inflammation has changed to an acute inflammation. On otorhinolaryngological lesions, habitual angina was recognized as an acute exacerbation of chronic tonsillitis.
The present paper describes about fibrinolytic activities of blood with focal tonsillitis, tonsillar tissue extract and changes of the fibrinolytic activity of blood after tonsillectomy.
1) Fibrinolytic activity of blood with focal tonsillitis was normal range and did not increase.
2) On the measurement of the fibrinolytic activity of blood following tonsillectomy, immediately after tonsillectomy, the fibrinolytic activity increased and at a week after tonsillectomy, it returned to the preoperative value.
3) In saline extracts of whole tonsillar tissue, the inhibitory activities to urokinase and plasmin were observed.
4) In 2M KSCN extracts of tonsillar capsular tissue, the accelerative activity to plasmin was observed.

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Author started an investigation with a view to getting the indication for and limitation of cryosurgery in head and neck tumors. In 69 cases, the treatments were performed with cryosurgical unit Linde CE-2 and Torisha(Japan)CRYOBAR in which liquid nitrogen were utilized as the cooling medium.
The cryosurgery was made in such condition as three-minute apllication of -180°C in benign tumors and as two successive three-minute apllication of -180°C in malignant tumor. The Types of tumors treated were as follows: 43 cases of benign tumors (cavernous haemangioma 23, papilloma 5, juvenile laryngeal papillomatosis 1, adenoma 1, neurofibroma 1, lymphangioma 2, mural cyst 6 and leukoplakia 4) and 26 cases of malignant tumors (squamous cell carcinoma 20, adenoid cystic carcinoma 1, malignant melanoma 4 and reticulum cell sarcoma 1). In consequence, the trearment of benign tumors showed remarkable results in the cases with cavernous haemangioma, papilloma, mural cyst, and moderate leukoplakia.
According to therapy of the malignant tumors, cryosurgery was performed in different three situatnions (categolies).
1) As a primary curative agent, 2) as an additional modality after the failure of radiation, chemotherapy and/or surgery, and 3) as a palliation for reducing tumor bulk, pain and odor of the advanced cases. In the treatment of malignantneoplasms, the cryosurgery revealed significant curative result in almost cases, but in the primary treatment of malignant lesions with cryosurgery, carefull observation was dispensable, because, after 45 days of the cryosurgery, squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue was recurred in a case.
For the dest ruction of living cells, a tissue temperature of -15°C to-20°C was necessary and the frozen area became necrotic after 3-6 hours. In the clinical laboratory tests after cryosurgery, leucocyte count was increased in all cases, however, erythrocyte count, hemoglobin value, value for serum electrolytes and protein were within normal limits. From these results, the influence of cryosurgery to the general condition of all over the entire body was slight, therefore, the cryosurgery could be applied to extensive cases including the poor risk.
From above results, it was concluded that the cryosurgery was excellent technique for the treatment of tumor, so far as utilizing the cryosurgery alone or combined use of radiation, chemotherapy and surgical treatment.

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It was suspected by clinical experience that there were some relationships between chronic tonsillitis and thyroid gland. However, the experimental studies about this relationships were not clearly made, because of concerning many factors among both organs.
As the central endocrine systems of thyroid gland, it is considered that there are two systems such as a humoral conduction by thalamushypophyseal system and a condution by sympathetic nervous system. On the other hand, the surrounding tissue of tonsil and the tonsil itself are innervated by the branch of cervical sympathetic nervous plexus, so that it is considered that a ninflammation of tonsil has some relation to the function of thyroid gland through the sympathetic system. Therefore, this study was done to clarify the relationship between chronic tonsillitis and the thyroid function by the investigation of the thyroidgland before and after the tonsillectomy in the patients with chronic tonsillitis.
The measurement of ¹³¹I-Triiodothyronine resin sponge uptake value (¹³¹I-T3RSU) and basal metabolic rate was made for the functional test of thyroid gland. The measurement of total amount of catecholamine in urine (T. H. I. method by Bertler) and Mecholyl test was measured as an index of the function of sympathetic nervous system. Thirty-two patients with chronic tonsillitis were examined in this study. These patients were tested in the time of preoperation and observed for the period of 5 months after the tonsillectomy.
The results were as follows:
1) Thyroid function due to ¹³¹I-T₃RSU in the patients with chronic tonsillitis was found in nearly normal range (32.5±2.5%). Total cathecolamine were 10μg lower than normal value.
2) The highest value of ¹³¹I-T3RSU was found in N type (intermediate group) of Mecholyl test. The lowest value of 131I-T3RSU was found in S type (sympathetic hyperreactor).
3) As the degree of enlargement of tonsil, the function of thyroid and total value of cathecolamine showed the lowering tendency.
4) According to the continous studies for the period of 5 months after operation, thyroid function showed three types: increase, unchange, and decrease type. There was the positive correlation between thyroid function and adrenaline, but noradrenaline showed an inclination of increase after operation.
5) An enlargement of circumference of neck was found in 16 of 32 patients after the tonsillectomy. By the tonsillectomy, in the patients associated with swelling of thyroid gland, the swelling had become to diminish soon after and completely disappeared after 4 months.

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