Pleomorphic adenomas (PAs) rarely occur in the sinonasal cavities. We herein report a case of pleomorphic adenoma that occurred at the nasal septum. The patient was a 58-year-old man with a chief complaint of right nasal obstruction and right epistaxis. A tumor with a smooth surface was obstructing the right anterior nostril. Imaging studies revealed a soft tissue shadow in the right anterior nasal cavity, Computed tomography (CT) showed mild homogeneous enhancement. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed an iso-intense signal on T1-weighted imaging and a heterogeneous high-intensity signal on T2-weighted imaging with homogeneous contrast enhancement. A preoperative pathological biopsy showed findings suggestive of papilloma with atypia. Endoscopic surgery was performed under general anesthesia. The tumor occurred from the nasal septum and was resected with a safety margin of 1cm, and the pathological diagnosis was benign PA. Although a majority of PAs are benign, carcinoma ex-PA may arise from a primary or recurrent benign PA. Therefore, sinonasal PA should be treated as soon as possible after a definitive diagnosis is made, and endoscopic resection of the tumor-negative margins may aid in preventing recurrence.

We herein report a case of EBER-positive sphenoid sinus cancer successfully treated with radiochemotherapy. A 56-year-old man presented with various cranial nerve symptoms, such as unilateral deafness and ocular motility disorder, and was diagnosed by a biopsy under nasal endoscopy at our department. The lesion was an EBER-positive, non-keratinized squamous cell carcinoma, similar to nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The prognosis was judged to be good, and the patient's quality of life and function preservation were prioritized, so radiochemotherapy was selected. After performing radiotherapy with cisplatin, tegafur/gimeracil/oteracil oral treatment was performed as an additional treatment, and as a result, a complete response was achieved. Currently, although some neuropathy due to direct tumor infiltration or radiation injury remains, no recurrence or metastasis has been observed.

Paranasal sinus foreign bodies occur less frequently than nasal foreign bodies. In recent years, the number of such cases that are induced in the clinical setting have increased with the development of dental treatments. We herein report two cases of foreign bodies in the sinus that were accompanied by fungal infection. The manifestations of paranasal foreign bodies range from asymptomatic presentations, to immediate or delayed sinusitis symptoms. Surgical removal of the foreign body is indicated even in asymptomatic cases because coexisting fungal infection may be present. Although less invasive endoscopic sinus surgery has been increasingly used in recent years, it is desirable to adopt an appropriate procedure according to the size and location of the foreign body.

An impalement wound is a form of traumatic injury in which a blunt-tipped, stick-like object pierces the body. Oral and pharyngeal trauma often occurs when a person falls with an instrument in their mouth, and the most common causative instrument is a toothbrush. In this study, we experienced a case of toothbrush impalement injury that penetrated the parapharyngeal space. The patient was a 67-year-old woman who fell while holding a toothbrush in her mouth. The toothbrush penetrated the parapharyngeal space from the left wall of the middle pharynx and reached the left posterior cervical muscles. The internal carotid artery was significantly narrowed by the toothbrush. The toothbrush was removed from the head side of the toothbrush through an external neck incision. There was no bleeding during removal and the wound healed without subsequent infection. When treating patients with pharyngeal impalement wounds, inadvertent removal may result in massive bleeding due to vascular injury or nerve damage. Thus, it is necessary to select an appropriate removal method after observing the anatomical structures by contrast-enhanced CT or angiography. In addition, impalement wounds can cause serious complications, including abscess and other infections, and traumatic internal carotid artery occlusion a few days after injury. It is therefore important to provide appropriate antimicrobial treatment and follow-up of neurological findings.

The patient was a 12-year-old boy. Immediately after birth, he presented cyanosis, a laryngeal fiber scan revealed subglottic stenosis, and emergency tracheostomy was performed at another hospital. Since then, the tracheal cannula had been changed by the local physician and the patient had remained under observation; however, no active therapeutic intervention had been performed. Then, the patient was referred to our hospital for a thorough examination and treatment, with the aim of closing the tracheal hole. Preoperative CT raised the suspicion of chondroma and chondrosarcoma. For the subglottic stenosis, we performed subglottic laryngectomy and T-tube implantation through a laryngeal crown. The specimen was not neoplastic, rather it was cartilage tissue. We diagnosed the patient with congenital subglottic stenosis due to an anomaly of the cricoid cartilage. The postoperative course was good, and the T-tube was removed approximately 3 months after the operation. The tracheal hole was closed at approximately 1 year and 4 months after the operation. In this article, we report a case of congenital subglottic stenosis for which surgical treatment was successfully performed, and also discuss the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of the disease with some review of the relevant literature.

Laryngeal trauma due to traffic injury can lead to mucous membrane injury due to fracture, even if there are no noticeable abnormalities on the skin surface. Therefore, an initial response that considers airway stenosis is necessary. Furthermore, even if the airway is secured and the breathing and circulatory dynamics are stable, recovery of the fractured larynx framework is essential. Late-onset hoarseness may appear due to framework deviation caused by fractures or scarring due to mucosal damage; thus, laryngeal injuries may require speech therapy intervention, even after passing the acute phase. In this study, we report the case of a 27-year-old with laryngeal injury that occurred during a truck collision, and who experienced everything from emergency airway securement to treatment for voice hoarseness.

We herein report a case of hypopharyngeal vascular malformation in which the tumor was able to be completely removed by endoscopic transoral videolaryngoscopic surgery (TOVS). The patient, a woman in her 80s, had undergone KTP laser ablation under laryngeal microscopic surgery in year X-12 with a diagnosis of hypopharyngeal vascular malformation. In year X, TOVS using an FK-WO retractor and a curved endoscope was performed, and the mass was completely removed. The pathological diagnosis was venous malformation. One year after surgery, the patient had no dysphagia and no recurrence of the mass. Various laser ablation and sclerotherapy procedures have been reported for vascular malformations of the pharynx; however, they did not aim at total removal. The advent of new devices is greatly advancing the treatment of pharyngeal vascular malformations.