According to the author's studies en Vegt-Koyanagi-Earada Syndrome in 1952-59, the histological findings of uveitis in Vogt-Koya. nagi-Ilarada syndrome are quite identifiable with those of uveitis in sympathetic cphthalmia. In the present paper the author described various aural lesions occurring in both diseases, and emphasized a diagnostic value of audiometry in the same diseases. Although a histological examination of the stato-acoustic organ has never been done either in sympathetic ophthalmia or in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome, the author supposed that a similar inflammatory reaction with that of the uvea might occur in the inner ear.

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Die Verfasser hatten die Gelegenheit, das Horvermogen von 21 Maschinisten kleinerer Fis-cherfahrzeuge zu untersuchen, die unter Maschinenlarm von 95 Phon arbeiteten. Die Untersuchung ergab folgende Resultate.
1) Diese 21 Maschinisten wurden in verschiedene Altersstufen eingeteilt. In jeder Gruppe zeigte sich eine leichte Herabsetzung des Gehors im Bereich von 4000 Hz.
2) Je langer die Arbeitsjahre waren, desto hochgradiger war der Horverlust in jeder Frequenz. Bei einem tiber 30 Jahre arbeitenden Maschinisten zeigte sich die deutliche C⁵-Senke.
3) Beim Vergleichen der Audiogramme des rechten und linken Ohres konnten wir im allgemeinen keinen deutlichen Unterschied finden. Nur bei 2 Fallen zeigte das Audiogramm einen leichten Unterschied.
4) Aus den Untersuchungen geht hervor, dass das langjahrige Arbeiten unter Maschinenlarm leichtgradige professionelle Schwerhorigkeit veranlasst. Deshalb ist es notwendig, beim Arbeiten unter solchen Umstanden Ohrenstopfen als Schutzmittel zu verwenden.

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The authors reported the ante- and post-operative findings, especially nystagmus findings according to Electronystagmography in a case of acoustic tumor accompanied by isolated vertical nystagmus to downward. They had also proved referring to literature that such nystagmus is very rare.

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Changes in cochlear microphonics at 500 cps, 1000 cps and 4000 cps after exposure to white noise, 1 kilocycle high pass noise and 1 kilocycle low pass noise at an intensity of 115 phons were surveyed to clarify some matters pertaining to the auditory fatigue.
Cats were anesthetized with pentobarbital-sodium. The cochlea was exposed through the auditory bulla. The recording electrode, a copper wire insulated except at the tip, was put on the round window membrane and fixed to the bony wall of the bulla, while the indifferent electrode was put on the neck.
After amplification by an AC amplifier, the cochlear microphonics were observed on a cathode-ray oscilloscope. In this experiment, the electrical output was rectified to DC potential and then recorded using a pen-writing oscillograph.
The results were as follows:
1) Cochlear microphonics at 4000 cps were affected less than at 500 cps and at 1000 cps after exposure to each of the three intense noises.
2) After exposure to each of the three noises, the microphonics at 500 cps showed similar decreases. However, exposure to high frequency noises caused more remarkable decreases in microphonics at 1000 cps and 4000 cps.
3) The duration of the intense stimulation affected the recovery time of microphonics.
4) Recovery in the cochlear microphonics after exposure to intense noises was smooth, resembling a logarithmic curve. In a few cases, however, biphasic recovery curves which were accompanied by a “bounce” were observed. The duration of intense stimulation exerted a great influence on the latent period and duration of this phenomenon. It was of great interest that the “bounce” during the recovery in the micrcphcnics at 4000 cps appeared later than at 1000 cps.

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Dans 29 cas (34 oreilles) du catarrhe tubo-tympanique aiguë et chronique-avec ou sans épanchement dans la caisse, l'auteur a essayé l'application locale d'hydrocortisone. Les résultats furent favorables dans environ 73.5 p.100 des cas.
Ces observations lui permettent de conclure
1) A l'efficacité pour une diminution rapide d'un liquide épanché dans la caisse et aussi pour une amelioration de la permeabilite tubaire.
2) Quanta á la mode administration d'hydrocortisone, l'injection transtympanique est plus sure et par consequent plus efficace que l'insufflation tubaire.
3) L'application locale suffisante pendant une certaine période est favorable pour eviter une fibrose ulterieure dans la caisse.
Cependant, peut-être comme un echec de cette methode therapeutique, l'auteur a observé de perforation residuelle dans 5 cas.
Quelques considérations sur l'etiologie et aussi sur les alterations anatomo-pathologiques de ces maladies.

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The authors examined otorrhea in 100 patients with chronic suppurative otitis media and separated 5 different strains: gram-negative Bacillus, Staphylococcus citreus, Pyocyaneus, Proteus, Streptococcus.
Sensitivity tests on these culture materials revealed that they were sensitive in the following order; SM, CM, EM, TC, CT, OT, PC, S.

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Case 1. K. O., four year old boy, chiefly complained of an abscess formation on the right mastoid. This lesion had relapsed repeatedly at intervals of a few months during over 2 years.
When he was admitted, the opening of the fistula auris congenita existing at the right crus helicis showed no evidence of inflammation. However, the fistula was diagnosed to be the cause of the recurrent inflammation of the mastoid inferring from the characteristic history (Fig. 2). This diagnosis was proved to be correct by the operation (Fig. 3).
Case 2. M. K., twenty-one year old boy, showed a clinical picture similar to case 1.
In this case, however, an exact diagnosis was obtained before the operation by methylen blue injection into the abscess through the fistula (Fig. 4 and 5).
Case 3. S. S., twenty year old girl, had two fistulae of the marginal helicine type on both sides, but of which the right one only had been frequently infected.
Case 4. Y. H., thirty year old man, complained of a somewhat large hole accompanied by severe itching on the right praeauricular region.
The operation revealed that 4 more daughter fistulae grew out of the hole (Fig. 6).
The fistulae or their cord-like endings had fast adhered to the periosteum of the auricle, but by complete extirpation carefully performed and the application of antibistics, successful healing was obtained in all cases.

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The authors reported a case of superficial lingual abscess in a boy aged 14, which was brought to cure by incision and by use of antibiotics. It was possible that a decayed tooth might be the occasion of the abscess formation in this case.
A statistical survey was made of 91 patients of lingual abscess who had been reported in the literature of our country.

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1. The author reported six cases of cancer of the tongue who were treated by excision of the primary tumors and also by bilateral radical neck dissection down from the submaxillary area to the supraclavicular area.
2. For the removal of the cervical nodes the radical neck dissection method as described by Dr. R. Kubo was employed in all of the cases, consisting of the removal of the submaxillary, submental, upper and lower cervical nodes, together with the platysma, the submaxillary gland, the lower pole of the parotid gland, fat tissue and the sternomastoid muscle.
3. In the group of cases where the size of the removed nodes was less than 0.5 cm in diameter, the percentage of the histologic node metastases was 10.5, and in the group of cases where the size of the removed nodes was between 0.6 and 1.0 cm in diameter, the percentage was 29.3, while in the group of cases where the size was over 1.1 cm in diameter, the percentage was 71.4.
4. The percentage of the histologic node metastases was 24 (19 out of 79) in removed nodes by radical neck dissection, and 54.5 (6 out of 11) with palpable lymph node involvement, and 19.1 (13 out of 68) with no palpable lymph node involvement.
5. The author was able to observe histologic node metastases in cases of early stages who had had no clinical evidence of node involvement when first examined (Fig. 1-0.4 cm in diameter).

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Malignant melanoma of the nasal cavity or para-nasal cavity is very rare. The authors reported here a rare case of malignant melanoma occurring in the left middle meatus of the nose, a woman of 51 years of age.
She had suffered from left nasal obstruction and nasal bleeding for 2 years. The examination revealed that blackish-brown tumor filled the left nasal cavity. The tumor was extirpated operatively by left maxillectomy combined with an evidement of the neck. The tumor had involved the anterior part of the left ethmoidal cells, the soft palate and the outside wall of the middle meatus.
The orbit and the posterior wall of the maxillar sinus had not been invaded. It was ascertained that the tumor cells contained melanin pigment by the histological research of the extirpated tumor.
Irradiation and chemotherapy were made after the operation, but she died after 6 months of the operation owing to wide metastasis to the left mandibular angle and to the abdominal and back skin.

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The authors successfully treated 88% of 52 cases with exudative otitis media by subcutaneous injection of Cepharantin and 11 of the 14 non-effective cases by its intratympanic injection.
Therefore, it was thought that Cepharantin was a drug to apply to exudative otitis media locally as well as generally.

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