All issues
Volume 20, Issue 1
Displaying 1-16 of 16 articles from this issue
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
Syuichi Hara, Yoshitaka Miura, Michio Sugiyama1956 Volume 20 Issue 1 Pages 1-5
Published: 1956
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUniformity of toughness of carbon steel wire, such as in spinning-pins and springs etc. is an essential matter. The temperability is affected by various conditions of previous treatment. So, the authors have studied the effect of quenching conditions upon the temperability and the initial structure of carbon-steel wire, by tests of the toughness and observations of the microstructure of specimens of C: 0.62, Mn: 0.43, Si: 0.28, dia: 1.625 mm. The results obtained were as follows:—(1) The difference of the temperability is due to the difficulty of uniform dissolution of cementite in austenite. (2) In the case the initial structure is spheroidal, the degree of the temperability is smaller than in the case it is lamellar. (3) In order to equalize the toughness of spinning-pins and springs etc. which are produced by rapid heating on mass-production system, it is neccessary to control equally the temperature and the time of quenching, and futhermore to homogenize the initial structure.View full abstractDownload PDF (969K) -
Tomo-o Sato, Saburo Toya1956 Volume 20 Issue 1 Pages 5-9
Published: 1956
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper deals with the graphitizing condition of graphitic steel (Graph-Sil), containing 1.1∼1.5% C and 0.7∼1.5% Si at elevated temperature. The experiments were carried out on forgeability, graphitization, change of hardness and microstructure of this steel by graphitization annealing. As is the case in gray cast iron, the silicon content of graphitic steel is the main factor controlling the precipitation of free graphite. However, to forge graphitic steel its silicon content must be held within definite limits. As above, the standard composition of graphitic steel is determined as 1.3∼1.5% C and 1.0∼1.5% Si and the suitable content of graphite is about 0.6%.View full abstractDownload PDF (816K) -
Rikuro Otsuka1956 Volume 20 Issue 1 Pages 9-11
Published: 1956
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (459K) -
Nobuteru Awa1956 Volume 20 Issue 1 Pages 12-15
Published: 1956
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe plating degree, as calculated by the formula (deposited amount on the cathode)/(dissolved amount of the anode)×100(%), appears to be smaller than 100% at the bath voltage below 2.0 V, comes up approximately to 100% between 2.0 V and 2.2 V, and rises above 100% at a bath voltage than 2.2 V. The bath voltage degree gets its 100% in full is of about the same value at which the plating as the decomposition voltage. The curve of plating degreebath voltage is hardly effected by the temperature of the bath. The plating degree-bath voltage courves for all kinds of alkaline plating a striking resemblance to each other. A representatives one of such is shown in Fig. 7.View full abstractDownload PDF (676K) -
Masayuki Kawasaki, Osamu Izumi, Takayoshi Monma1956 Volume 20 Issue 1 Pages 15-19
Published: 1956
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAccording to the results of the authors’ previous work(1), iron, manganese and tin were chosen as the third alloying elements to improve the spring property of plain 60/40 brass. The effects of each element on spring properties and bending characteristics (formability) of 60/40 brass sheet were compared. Those elements not only improved the spring properties remarkably, but also made the suitable range of low-temperature annealing extend to a wider one, as compared with the case of plain 60/40 brass. The results to date show that, for practical purposes, manganese and tin would be the most favorable elements for the improvement.View full abstractDownload PDF (769K) -
Masayuki Kawasaki, Osamu Izumi, Takayoshi Monma1956 Volume 20 Issue 1 Pages 19-23
Published: 1956
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOne of the most unfavorable defects of a spring sheet of brass is that the spring properties change with time at room temperature after working or low-temperature annealing. The authors have researched the phenomenon and could find the possibility to suppress the secular change after low-temperature annealing. The secular change after final low-temperature annealing was considered to be related with the change after cold-rolling. The secular change after cold-rolling had a tendency to stabilize the spring properties and, if the brass plate as rolled was low-temperature annealed after being left at room temperature long enough to stabilize its properties of cold-rolled condition, the change after low-temperature annealing could be decreased. The secular change of two-phase brass, namely, of 60/40 brass, could be considered as the combined effect of α- and β-brass, though β-brass showed more complicate change than α-brass. All the experiments were carried out atroom temperature and the constat temperatures of 25° or 40°.View full abstractDownload PDF (1038K) -
Hiroshi Iijima1956 Volume 20 Issue 1 Pages 24-27
Published: 1956
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn our country, quantitative spectrographic analysis has not always been practically applied as the means of rapid analysis. Although several rapid calibrating methods have already been established theoretically and explored to some extent, these have not yet been practically applied because of uncertainty regarding its reliability. The author has made practical studies on the reliability of two rapid calibrating methods, comparing the results with those from internal standard method, and then these two methods have been applied for the quantitative determination of Mn and Cu in iron and steel for a period of about one year. Although determinations of other elements also should have been made in this one-year experiment, the author has selected only Mn and Cu, for both represent extreme cases. (the former has very good reproducibility and the latter not). From these experiments it has been concluded that these rapid calibrating methods can be applied in routine analysis.View full abstractDownload PDF (708K) -
Tadamichi Takei1956 Volume 20 Issue 1 Pages 27-31
Published: 1956
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to get more detailed informations about the sensitivity of the rapid spectrographic method for the detection of trace elements in iron ore using d.c. arc discharge on powdered sample, the author made some investigations and found that the limit of detection cannot be determined uniquely, but it has some range which the author calls the incompletely detectable range and it seems rational to consider four kinds of sensitivity, namely the lowest concentration of the “always detectable” range, the highest concentration of the “not always detectable” range, the lowest concentration of the “not always detectable” range and the highest concentration of the detectable” range. Values of these four kinds of sensivities were given for As, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Mo, Ni, Sb, Sn, Ti, Pb, V and Zn. Estimations of the quantity of some elements in iron ore were tried using these four kinds of sensitivity, and the results agreed to a considerable extent with those of chemical analysis, which suggests that these sensitivities can be effectively utilized for semi-quantitative estimation.View full abstractDownload PDF (734K) -
Shigeru Yokosuka1956 Volume 20 Issue 1 Pages 31-34
Published: 1956
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe methods for potentiometric titration of high percentages of silver were investigated. The results of the study of potentiometric titration of silver by standard solution of sodium chloride, potassium bromide and potassium iodide are reported, and it has been found that the titration by potassium bromide is best for analysis. Interferences by impurities that may be present in silver are shown to be negligible.View full abstractDownload PDF (544K) -
Seita Sakui, Kimiko Satô1956 Volume 20 Issue 1 Pages 35-39
Published: 1956
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSpecimens of thin aluminum wires or foils were quenched in very short time of 0.01∼0.04 seconds after the completion of hot working, thus preventing the recrystallization after hot working. We investigated the surface and the inner part of each specimen with a microscope. At the working speed of 1200%/sec the specimens were deformed by slipping mechanism and not by cell formation even at a temperature as high as 460°. At the working temperature of 530°, however, specimens were deformed by cell formation only and there could be seen the evidences of mutual movement of grains at grain boundaries. At the working temperature of 575° and 650°, the recrystallization did not occur during working, though the stress recovery proceeded remakably. In the cases of single crystals of aluminum which were deformed at the temperatures of 310, 350, 490 and 580°, there could be seen only the slip mechanism.View full abstractDownload PDF (1191K) -
Hidetake Kusamichi, Yoshiro Yagi, Toru Yukawa, Tadao Noda1956 Volume 20 Issue 1 Pages 39-41
Published: 1956
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA series of experimental studies was performed on the kinetics of reaction of commercially pure Ti and Ti alloys with the gas phases, H2, O2 and N2. This paper is the report of the investigation on the desorption of H2 from commercially pure Ti. Sponge Ti prepared by the Kroll process was arc melted by the consumable double-melting method, and the ingot was forged at 800° to a rod of 25 mm in diameter, which was annealed in argon atmosphere at 700°. Specimens of several sizes were made from the above rod and were degassed in vacuo of 1×10−4 mmHg at 700°, 750°, 800°, 850° and 900°. The evolved hydrogen was collected by means of a Beutell’s pump and measured with a micro-Oelsat gas analysis apparatus. It was found that the logarithms of the concentration of hydrogen in metals were decreased in linear relation with time at any temperature, and from these relations the diffusion constant D was calculated by Al Demarez’s formula. The temperature dependence of D in α Ti offered by us is given by D_α=0.27 ×10^-2 exp(-14,200/RT) When the above value is compared to those of iodide Ti determined by Wasilewski, we find a slight discrepancy, which is considered due to impurities (i.e. Fe, Si, N, O, etc.) contained in commercially pure Ti used in our experiments.View full abstractDownload PDF (534K) -
H. Endô, G. Yokoyama1956 Volume 20 Issue 1 Pages 42-46
Published: 1956
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe corrosion of iron employed for the construction of tower system sulphuric acid manufacturing plants was investigated. Of the many corrosion processes coming forth in the manufacturing reaction, the results tested under the conditions 65∼85% H2SO4, 0∼300 g/L N2O3 and 40∼120° were as described in this paper.View full abstractDownload PDF (672K) -
N. Ohtani1956 Volume 20 Issue 1 Pages 46-48
Published: 1956
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUsing the normal electrode potentials, calculated thermodynamically from the activities of each component in molten state within the range of α-solid solution of Fe-Si alloys, and the heat of activation in hydrogen electrode reaction, obtained from the absorption amount of hydrogen, the author discusses the fact that the variation of the corrosion rate of the alloys with Si% consisted fairly with the experimental results.View full abstractDownload PDF (447K) -
Masamitsu Mikami, Koukichi Hashiura1956 Volume 20 Issue 1 Pages 49-51
Published: 1956
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present report refers to an experiment made to investigate the corrosion mechanism of super-saturated solid solution of Al-Cu alloys, 4.8% Cu, and 1.9% Cu, in 10% HCl aq. solution at 30°. Measuring the volume of hydrogen produced in the corrosion, the present writers obtained the following results: (1) In the first stage of the corrosion, Al and Cu were dissolved simultaneously from the solid solution, (Al-Cu)solid solution+H+→Al++++Cu+++H2 (Fig. 3 curve (A), part p-q). (2) Cu++ was then reduced by the solid solution as follows: Cu+++(Al-Cu)solid solution→Cu+Al++++Cu++. (3) Repeating these reactions, a metallic Cu phase was formed by the precipitated Cu atoms on the surface of the solid solution, in the second stage, the corrosion was increased exceedingly by the electrochemical reaction of Cu and Al-Cu solid solution (Fig. 3 curve (A), part q-r).View full abstractDownload PDF (422K) -
Tomo-o Sato, Taiji Nishizawa1956 Volume 20 Issue 1 Pages 51-55
Published: 1956
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSElectron-microscopic examinations were carried out on cementite isolated from annealed, cold-rolled and subsequently annealed 0.65% carbon steels, and the behaviours of cementite during these treatments were studies with the following results: (1) During cold deformation of steel, a cementite crystal in the steel curves elastically, and then splits along its cleavage into many laminar fragments. The width of the split laminae lies in the range from 1500 to 3000 Å, and these laminae themselves show a fibrous substructure, having a width of about 300 Å. In the case of spheroidal pearlite, however, the cementite globules suffer no change in the process of cold-rolling. (2) Due to annealing after cold-rolling, a crystalline cementite is spheroidized through three stages, that is, incubation, nucleation, and growth stages. The spheroidization of cementite is regarded as a “intra-cementitic” recrystallization phenomenon. (3) During prolonged annealing of normalized steel at a subcritical temperature, a crystalline cementite in it undergoes local thickening and local thinning, and finally separates into several cementite globules. The spheroidization of cementite in this case may be caused by surface tension and lattice imperfection inherent in the cementite.View full abstractDownload PDF (781K) -
Shigeru Nishigaki1956 Volume 20 Issue 1 Pages 55-58
Published: 1956
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe atomic size of each element in age-hardenable alloys has an important effect upon age-hardening. The author has studied various cases of ternary alloys and proposes the following hypothesis. The solubility surface of ternary alloy is the most promising for age-hardening and when the atomic radius of one solute is larger and the other is smaller than that of the solvent and these differences in atomic size between each solute and the solvent are almost the same, the alloy may be expected to have the largest ratio of age-hardening. Furthermore the larger the difference is, the harder-is the alloy obtained. Such alloys like duralumin and C-alloy satisfy the hypothesis completely. The system of Cu-Be-Ti seems to be one of the alloys of this type. Ten samples of the alloys whose compositions lie for on the line of 8.4 atom% solute in the equilibrium diagram were examined for their distribution curve of quenched hardness. And there emerged that the distribution curve of quenched hardness showed the minimum point at the composition of Ti, 4.0 atom% and Be, 4.4 atom%, and the distribution curve of tempered hardness gave the maximum at the same point. The ratio of the age-hardening of the sample was as much as 225% and it is about the same as C-alloy. From the results, therefore, one more example was found to which also the above mentioned hypothesis was applicable. The distribution of lattice constants in the α phase can be shown as an inclined plane involing two Vegard lines, and a handy nomograph which explains the relation between the distribution and the composition is proposed.View full abstractDownload PDF (646K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|