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Volume 23, Issue 2
Displaying 1-15 of 15 articles from this issue
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Eiji Miyoshi1959 Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages 83-86
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe difference of wear loss in vacuum and in air was ascribed to the hard layer at the surface, but there is no definite conclusion about the relation between the hardness and the wear. This is because the hardness of surface changes during the test. So a short-time test is essential. This report is concerned with the relation between wear and hardness in short-time wear tests. There is a critical hardness which distinguishes the wear state and which depends upon the testing temperature. This critical hardness decreases with increasing testing testing temperature. The effects of speed and surface load on the critical hardness are also studied. The conclusion is that the hardness is related to the separation of wear powder from the surface and that the critical hardness is decided by the relative hardness of wear powder and surface of a test piece. Moreover it is concluded that the wear itself is promoted by the wear powder.View full abstractDownload PDF (639K) -
Nakaaki Oda, Sadayuki Tsunoo, Toshio Hashimoto1959 Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages 86-90
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWith the demand of high purity titanium sponge, the minut amounts of impurities in titanium tetrachloride have become of great significance to the titanium refining industry because small amounts of vanadium in titanium tetrachloride present as VOCl3 are deleterious to Brinell hardness of titanium metal. A spectrochemical addition method for determining V and Si covering the concentration ranges of 0.008 to 0.0008% and 0.001 to 0.0002% in titanium tetrachloride respectively, is developed. Based on statistical consideration, the optimum intensity ratio, the selection of back-ground radiation and precision of this spectrochemical addition maked are discussed. Except the intensity ratio measurement and the preparation of analytical addition curve, the excitation condition and the photographic procedures are identical with those described in our previous report.View full abstractDownload PDF (770K) -
Tasaburo Nishioka, Yukio Yasukuni1959 Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages 90-93
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHärteverteilungen in gezogenen Stahhldrähten zeigen betreffs Wärmebehandlung vor Ziehen bei Glühen und betreffs Zugabnahme mit Zunahme deren den guten Ausgleich. Betreffs Gegenzuges ist der Effekt auf dem Ausgleich der Härteverteilung von Material, Ziehbedingung und Grösse des Gegenzuges abhängig. Die Grösse des Gegenzuges, die die gleichmässigsten Härteverteilung gibt, ist beim Ziehen von Hartstahldraht mit Düse von 10° bei 13.4% Zugabnahme 70 bis 30% Gegenzug, bei 25%, Zugabnahme 50% und bei 43.8% Zugabnahme 30 bis 10%. Der günstigste Gegenzug wird mit zunehmenden Zugabnahme und Zugzahl kleiner. Ferner beim Gegenzug über diesen Wert wird die Härteverteilung im Gegenteil ungleich. Der Effekt des Gegenzuges auf die Härteverteilung ist beim Ziehen mit Düsen unter 10° beim 50% Gegenzug am meisten und mit 20° und 40° Düsen auf jedem Gegenzug wenig.View full abstractDownload PDF (603K) -
Tohoru Yoshida1959 Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages 94-96
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSResidual stresses resulting from case-hardening were measured using a wire-strain gage and the effect of case depth upon the surface stresses generated were studied. The results showed that the surface stress was minimum in the case of medium case depth.View full abstractDownload PDF (427K) -
Shigeo Wakamatsu1959 Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages 97-100
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis investigation was undertaken to develop a rapid and accurate differential spectrophotometric method for the determination of titanium in titanium metals. The reaction between titanium and salicylic acid in pH 5±0.5 solution to produce the yellow-colored complex was chosen for this application. The reference standard solution contained 1.20 mg of titanium per 100 mL of pH 5±0.5 solution. Beer’s law was conformed to within the range of 1.20 to 1.50 mg of titanium per 100 mL of pH 5±0.5 solution. At pH 5±0.5 molybdenum, niobium, thorium tungsten, manganese, aluminum, lead, cobalt, nickel, chromium, vanadium, calcium, and magnesium do not interfere. Iron and copper may be masked by the addition of EDTA.View full abstractDownload PDF (572K) -
Ôhiko Kammori, Mitsuyoshi Ikeda1959 Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages 100-104
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe routine method for the rapid A.C. polarographic determination of Cu and Sn in carbon and alloy steels was studied and the following procedure was established: A 0.5 g sample was dissolved in 10 mL of 6 N-HCl by gentle heating, and cooled and washed with 4.5 N-HCl into a 50 mL volumetric flask, which was then filled up to the mark with 4.5 N-HCl. Transfer 5 mL of the solution into a polarographic cell, add 2 drops of 1% gelatine solution and expel the dissolved oxygen by passing hydrogen through the solution for 2∼3 minutes. Record the polarogram (a Yanagimoto pen-recording polarograph was used) between −0.1 and −0.7 V, measure the wavesheight of Cu (−0.25 V vs.S.C.E.)and Sn (−0.48 V vs.S.C.E.) and determine the contents by the calibration curves. Bi, Sb, Pb, and Cd also give their waves in 4.5 N-HCl at −0.10, −0.19, −0.44 and −0.66 V. vs. S.C.E., respectively. Of these four elements, Pb over about 0.02% interferes, but the others are usually contained in carbon and alloy steels so small in quantity that they do not interfere. When chromium is contained in the alloy steels over about 5%, it is necessary to add 5 mL, of pure pyridin to the volumetric flask, and fill it with 4.5 N-HCl up to the mark. For example, Cu and Sn in carbon steel, high speed steel and stainless steel were determined with absolute error of ±0.005% against the values obtained by the iodometric method and the time required for the determination of the two elements was only 14 to 18 minutes. The influence of temperatures of the electrolytic solution upon wave-height was not appreciable in the region from 5 to 35°.View full abstractDownload PDF (764K) -
Ryôhei Tanaka, Akira Satô1959 Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages 104-108
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to give 17Cr-4Ni-4Cu type stainless steels both strength and corrosion resistance by cold-rolling and age-hardening, the authors studied the effect of C addition up to 0.10% on the properties of the steels and the effect of Cu content up to 6% to the steels containing 0.17%N using dilatometric, hardness and metallographic examinations and corrosion tests. With increase of C and Cu contents the Ms temperature was lowered, the amount of the retained austenite was increased and the aging characteristics was enhanced. The effect on the aging characteristics was significant, particularly in the cold-rolled state. It was concluded that the addition of about 4% of Cu to the steel containing 0.17%N gives the best results after cold rolling followed by the aging treatment at about 440°C, and that the addition of C deteriorates remarkably the antisulphuric acid property, though this increases the hardness of the steel after rolling and aging.View full abstractDownload PDF (709K) -
Akira Takaoki1959 Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages 108-112
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe ultrasonic refraction phenomena by residual stress in 150φ×447 mm steel bars were studied by reflection method using a pulsed wave. The specimens used were quenched in water from 650° and 850°C. The changes of sound velocity were also examined by tensile and compression tests. The oresults btained were as follows:— (1) The time required for the reflection between both the ends of a quenched 150φ steel bar is different at every point on the radius. It shows the change of sound velocity by residual stress. (2) The transmission does not correspond to the receive points in quenched steel bar and the sound waves are propagated by refraction to the side of tensile stress. (3) The velocity of ultrasonic waves decrease with the stress in tensile test and increase in compression test.View full abstractDownload PDF (626K) -
Kyuya Nagasaki, Masami Kaneko1959 Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages 113-116
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAlthough SiCl4 vapour diluted with N2 is heated up to the temperature of 800°C with Cu, the thermal decomposition of SiCl4 as well as exchange reaction between SiCl4 and Cu do not take place, therefore “Siliconizing” is not carried is not. However, when Cu and Si-powder are placed side by side and are heated between 600°C and 800°C in an atmosphere of N2 containing SiCl4 vapour, Cu-specimen is siliconized. It is considered that SiCl4 plays the role of Si-carrier from the surface of Si to the surface of Cu by the reversible reaction (n-1)Si+(n+1)SiCl_4 \ ightleftarrows2Si_nCl_2n+2and hence the siliconizing of Cu proceeds. Effects of various conditions on siliconized amounts seem to be same as that of other cementation process, i.e. the higher the reaction temperature, the higher the concentration of SiCl4 and the longer the reaction time, the weight increase as well as the width of penetrating layer of siliconized Cu become the greater.View full abstractDownload PDF (685K) -
Takuichi Morinaga, Ishi Miura, Tetsuya Takaai1959 Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages 117-121
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe phase diagram of the titanium-silver system has been investigated in the whole range mainly by metallographic examination, X-ray analysis and the thermal analysis method. Only an intermediate compound TiAg was found to exist in this system by X-ray analysis and metallographic examination. The crystal structure of this compound was nearly similar to the report by R. J. Van Thyne et al. and a=4.078 Å, c=4.065 Å and c⁄a=0.996 were determined, A peritectic reaction beta-Ti+Liq.\ ightleftharpoonsTiAg occurs at 1045°C and beta-Ti decomposes into alpha-Ti and TiAg by eutectoid reaction: beta-Ti\ ightleftharpoonsalpha-Ti+TiAg. The eutectoid point was about 23 wt% silver and its temperature lies between 860° and 890°C. The solubility of silver in beta-Ti is about 53 wt% at peritectic temperature and the solubility in alpha-Ti is less than 12 wt% at room temperature but more than 13 wt% at eutectoid temperature. The intermediate compound TiAg extends from 68 wt% to 73 wt% silver at room temperature and its hardness was about 130 kg/mm2 VPN, but the compound was brittle to give any reduction by rolling and could work easily neither at room temperature nor higher temperature. On the silver-rich side, a eutectic reaction Liq.\ ightleftharpoonsTiAg+Ag was observed at 890°C and its composition was about 96 wt% silver. The whole phase diagram which was obtained by these experimental results as shown in Fig. 6.View full abstractDownload PDF (1047K) -
Hideo Abe, Yasuo Kimura1959 Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages 121-124
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSChanges in line broadening, intensity of super-lattice line, extinction effect and lattice parameter during heat treatments of an Alnico-5 magnet alloy have been observed by a counter-diffractometer. It has been shown that the highest coercive force can be attained by the smallest mean crystallite size (140∼150 Å) after the optimum aging treatment at 580°C. The values of I100⁄I200 were observed to be 0.11 after magnetic field cooling, 0.08 after aging at 580°C, 0.13 after solution-heat-treatment at 720°C and 0.09 after re-aging at 580°C. Aging at 580°C gives the highest value of I110⁄I220. The largest broadening of the (200) line after 580°C-aging suggests the presence of the tetragonality or the coherent transition state of the lattice. It has been argued that the reversible migration of the interphase boundary and the irreversible change in tetragonality are two main processes which occur during the solution-treatment and the re-aging treatment of the alloy.View full abstractDownload PDF (561K) -
Yasuo Kimura, Hideo Abe1959 Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages 124-127
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHansen, and Koch, Steeg and de Vos reported the reversible change of coercive force during the process of over-aging and re-aging treatments of an Alnico-5 magnet alloy. In the preceding paper, the authors have shown that the interphase boundary migrates reversibly during the process. Further researches have been made by measuring the coercive force and the saturation magnetization as functions of temperature and time. It has been concluded that the reversible change in coercive force is associated with the reversible interphase boundary migration and the reversible shift of the lower curie point of the weakly magnetic phase.View full abstractDownload PDF (640K) -
Saburo Yanagisawa, Akira Tsujioka1959 Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages 128-132
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMetals which absorb hydrogen can be classified into three groups: (a) group of salt-type-hydride forming metals. where hydrogen atoms are located substitutionally in the lattice, thas absorbing exothermically large quantity of hydrogen: NaH, CaH2…, (b) group of true solution of hydrogen in metals, so-called “poor absorbers”, where hydrogen atoms are located interstitially in the lattice,thus absorbing endothermically only a small quantity of hydrogen: H in Fe, Ni, Cu…, (c) intermediate group of the above both groups, so-called “good absorbers” mixtures of hydride and interstitial solutions, absorbing apparently exothermically mediate quantity of hydrogen: Pd, Ti, U…. The authors have found that the heat of solution of hydrogen of a- or b-group metals is proportional or in inverse ratio respectively to the ionization energy of the metals. These facts, to-gether with other phenomena, may be cited as proofs of the negative or positive character of the dissolved hydrogen atom in the metals.View full abstractDownload PDF (755K) -
Shozo Yoshioka, Hisashi Yamamoto, Akihiko Hoshino1959 Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages 132-134
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSW-Co (45 wt%W) layer electrodeposited on 0.06%C steel underwent various heat treatments and its structure was examined by X-ray diffraction. The results obtained were as follows: (1) The deposited layer consisted of hexagonal α-Co the lattice of which was expanded by two percent. (2) The hardness of the deposit was abnormally increased at about 600°C when it was annealed in hydrogen stream. This increase is conceived to be caused by precipitation of Co3W. (3) Carburization in cracked town gas was applied to the specimen to incease its hardness and the maximum value of 1350 Hv was obtained. In this case the precipitation of WC was found to take place in β-Co. (4) The adhesion between the deposit and the substrate was considerably improved by application of an intermediate coating of Ni followed by vacuum annealing.View full abstractDownload PDF (404K) -
Electron-Microscopic Observation Related to the Work-Hardening of High Manganese Steels (Supplement)Zenji Nishiyama, Ken’ichi Shimizu, Takeshi Hiromoto1959 Volume 23 Issue 2 Pages 135-136
Published: 1959
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe width of strain-markings found in cold-worked high-manganese steel increases with the progress of etching. This confirms the suggestion in the previous paper that the strain-marking is originated from a vary thin plate which is probably of ε-phase.View full abstractDownload PDF (495K)
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