Journal of the Japan Institute of Metals and Materials
Online ISSN : 1880-6880
Print ISSN : 0021-4876
ISSN-L : 0021-4876
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Volume 64, Issue 3
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
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  • Equation for Estimating the Young’s Modulus, Shear Modulus and Vickers Hardness of Aluminosilicate Glasses
    Seiji Inaba, Shinichi Todaka, Yoshio Ohta, Kenji Morinaga
    2000 Volume 64 Issue 3 Pages 177-183
    Published: 2000
    Released on J-STAGE: April 24, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2320/jinstmet1952.64.3_177
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    The Young’s modulus, shear modulus and Vickers hardness of alkali oxide-, alkaline earth oxide- and rare earth oxide-aluminosilicate glasses were measured. For the direct calculation of these properties from the glass composition, semi-empirical equations expressed in terms of the product of the apparent Madelung constant, the ionic packing ratio and the dissociation energy of each glass are presented based on Makishima’s theory. The apparent Madelung constant is an empirical parameter which represents the long-range force among the ions in the glass, and the values are calculated using Templeton-Kapustinsky’s equation. The experimental results indicate that the calculated values obtained using our proposed equations are in good agreement with the measured values for all types of glass examined in this study.
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  • Coarsening of Y211 Phase Particles in the Y-Ba-Cu-O Superconducting System
    Junya Maeda, Sukeharu Nomoto, Satoshi Matsuoka, Teruo Izumi, Takateru ...
    2000 Volume 64 Issue 3 Pages 184-189
    Published: 2000
    Released on J-STAGE: April 24, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2320/jinstmet1952.64.3_184
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    It is important to understand the coarsening behavior of the Y2BaCuO5 phase particles in Ba-Cu-O melts, since the particle-size distribution of the Y2BaCuO5 particles entrapped in the YBa2Cu3Ox superconducting phase largely affect the superconducting properties. In this paper, we have investigated the dependence of the volume fractions of the high-temperature stable phase Y2BaCuO5 particles in the Ba-Cu-O melt on the coarsening behavior. Consequently, it was found that the coarsening rate constants between the volume fraction of Vf=10-15% and Vf=20-30% were significantly different. Furthermore, the particle-size-distributions for the Vf=20 and 30%, were investigated and discussed.
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  • Fatigue Crack Propagation Behavior in a [Ferrite/Bainite] Hybrid Material
    Masato Yamashita, Hirokazu Tohjo, Hitoshi Uchida, Kazushige Arimochi
    2000 Volume 64 Issue 3 Pages 190-194
    Published: 2000
    Released on J-STAGE: April 24, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2320/jinstmet1952.64.3_190
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    We have examined fatigue crack propagation behavior in carbon steels employing a steel containing mixed ferrite and pearlite phases and a Hybrid steel prepared by diffusion bonding between ferrite and bainite materials. No special steel-microstractural effect was observed in the ferrite-pearlite mixed steel. In the Hybrid steel, crack propagation in the ferrite phase decelerated with reaching the [ferrite/bainite]-interface, probably due to the supression of plastic deformation at the crack tip. Low crack propagation rate was also observed in the bainite phase. This can be interpreted in terms of cyclic softening at the crack tip. It is concluded that the fatigue crack propagation rate is strongly affected by phase and interphase interface in steels.
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  • Chemical Corrosion Resistance Coating on Aluminum Substrates by the Sol-Gel Process
    Shinji Hirai, Kazuyoshi Shimakage, Mikio Kondo, Tomiyoshi Kanai, Kenji ...
    2000 Volume 64 Issue 3 Pages 195-201
    Published: 2000
    Released on J-STAGE: April 24, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2320/jinstmet1952.64.3_195
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    To improve the corrosion resistance to salt, acid and strongly alkaline attack, a sol-gel film using zirconium tetra-n-butoxide as a starting material has been coated directly on the surface of aluminum substrates via repeating one or twice dip-coating process. The heat treatment at 573 K or the UV-irradiation at ambient temperature was performed for forming dense coating films after the dipping-withdrawing of aluminum substrate into the sol. Zirconium oxide films were prepared on aluminum surface by these sol-gel processes. The coating films formed on the smooth aluminum substrates under UV-irradiation indicated excellent corrosion resistance for salt, acid and alkaline attack tests. For example, the surface area of the coating film corroded for 3600 ks in salt attack test decreased in the order of sol-gel coating film<chromate film<boehmite film and the sol-gel coating film had the best corrosion resistance. The coating films prepared on the coarse aluminum substrate by a boiling treatment after the heat treatment at 573 K also had greater corrosion resistance and appeared water-avid surface having contact angle of approximately 3°.
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  • Thermodynamic Activity of Ga in Ni3Ga
    Ayako Kushida, Teruyuki Ikeda, Hiroshi Numakura, Masahiro Koiwa
    2000 Volume 64 Issue 3 Pages 202-206
    Published: 2000
    Released on J-STAGE: April 24, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2320/jinstmet1952.64.3_202
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    Thermodynamic activity of Ga in the L12-ordered intermetallic phase Ni3Ga has been determined by measuring the electromotive force of a galvanic cell with zirconia solid electrolyte,
    Ni-Ga, Ga2O3|ZrO2(+Y2O3)|Ga, Ga2O3
    \ oindentin the temperature range of 1050-1350 K for six compositions. The activity of Ga varies with composition most steeply at the stoichiometry composition (25%Ga). The dependence on composition is more pronounced at low temperatures. The effective pair interaction energy has been determined to be 9.75±0.19 kJ/mol by applying a thermodynamic model based on Bragg-Williams approximation (Ikeda et al., Acta. Mater., 46 (1998), 6605-6613). The thermodynamic factor in diffusion has been derived from the composition dependence of the thermodynamic activity.
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  • Effect of Cu Addition on the Corrosion Resistance of a Ni3B-Dispersed Ni-Based Alloy in a HCl Aqueous Solution
    Guofeng Zhang, Masao Morishita, Masaki Inada, Koichiro Koyama
    2000 Volume 64 Issue 3 Pages 207-212
    Published: 2000
    Released on J-STAGE: April 24, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2320/jinstmet1952.64.3_207
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    The corrosion of Ni3B-dispersed Ni-based alloys containing Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, or Cu in the 10%massHCl aqueous solution was examined by measuring the mass loss and corrosion potential, and by metallography. The corrosion proceeded by a mechanism in which the Ni matrix worked as the anode while the Ni3B phase worked as the cathode. The addition of Cr, Mn, or Fe accelerated the corrosion rate while the addition of Co did not affect the corrosion rate. Conversely, the addition of Cu greatly improved the corrosion resistance. When Cu was added to the alloy, the corrosion potential of the Ni matrix shifted to the noble side by about 45 mV. The corrosion potential of the Ni matrix containing Cu became the almost same as that of the Ni3B phase in 80 minutes. As a result the preferential corrosion of the Ni matrix was extremely retarded.
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  • A TEM Observation of Solder Joints of an Electronic Device
    Hirohisa Matsuki, Hiroshi Ibuka, Hiroyasu Saka
    2000 Volume 64 Issue 3 Pages 213-217
    Published: 2000
    Released on J-STAGE: April 24, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2320/jinstmet1952.64.3_213
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    An interface between a eutectic solder and an under-bump metal (UBM) fabricated by electroless NiP and Au plating was examined using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The purpose of this study is to analyze a formation and intermetallic compounds which formed by solder attaching near the solder joint. The sample observed was a ball- grid-array (BGA) type semiconductor package, which was fabricated by making use of a printed-wiring board (PWB) for a package substrate. The observation was carried out on 2 kinds of sample, i.e. those before and after solder attachment. Ni3P crystalline was observed in NiP layer with before solder attaching samples. Two kinds of new alloy phase were observed at the interface of the solder joints. One is Ni48Sn52 and the other is Ni2SnP. Ni2SnP layer had only 0.2 μm in thickness, so it was considered to be difficult detecting this layer by other observation method. Focused Ion Beam (FIB) technique was applied to preparing the foil specimens.
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  • Detection of High Density of Cube Oriented Grains in a pure Aluminum Sheet for Capacitor
    Fumie Seki
    2000 Volume 64 Issue 3 Pages 218-219
    Published: 2000
    Released on J-STAGE: April 24, 2008
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2320/jinstmet1952.64.3_218
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    For production of pure aluminum capacitor foils, it is essential to develop a cube texture in the thin foil. This letter presents a detection of layers containing high density of cube oriented grains in an aluminum sheet of 500 μm thickness, annealed at 300°C. The cube oriented grains formed during an intermediate annealing, probably contribute to the highly-developed cube texture through an additional process. Distribution of the crystallographic orientation in inhomogeneous textures of a transverse section were studied by electron back scatter diffraction pattern measurements.
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