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Volume 22, Issue 5
Displaying 1-17 of 17 articles from this issue
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Masao Terasawa1958 Volume 22 Issue 5 Pages 217-220
Published: 1958
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt was reported in the 1st report that the tensile properties of lead were improved by addition of silicon, but the results were not satisfactory. So, the author tried to improve the tensile properties by addition of silicon to lead-antimony alloys. This time, good results were obtained as follows: A remarkable improvement of tensile properties was found in the solid solubility range on the lead side of lead-antimony-silicon alloys, and the solid-solution treated alloys showed better results than as-cast and extruded alloys. The tensile strength was the largest in solid-solution treated lead-antimony-silicon alloy containing 3% antimony and 0.035% silicon and its elongation and reduction of area were generally better than in as-cast and extruded alloys. These results suggest that the solid-solubility range on the lead side of lead-antimony-silicon alloys is wider extended than that of lead-antimony alloys.View full abstractDownload PDF (873K) -
Asei Tsutsui, Takao Furumoto1958 Volume 22 Issue 5 Pages 221-225
Published: 1958
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt was reported in the first paper that the deviation of the surface contents by gas carburizing was very slight as compared with that by the pack carburizing methodpr acticed hitherto. The frequent breakage of case-hardened steel may be mainly attributed to the structural defects owing to lack of shock-resistance, fatigue-resistance etc., but it may also be regarded that the residual stress occurring at the time of quenching exacts great influence on it. Therefore, a study was made on the residual stresses in gas carburizing and pack carburizing methods by conducting an analysis of a test piece of steel type SCM 21 bored by the Sach’s method, namely, combining the methods of machining from the inner and the outer surfaces. Upon comparing the stresses the tangential directions, there was found to be no appreciable difference between continuous gas carburizing and pack carburizing. The value of compressive stress remaining on the surface part was acknowledged to be in the range of approximately from 50 to 60 kg/mm2, decreasing about 15 kg/mm2 by tempering, and increasing to about 80 kg/mm2 by the shot abrator process. Finally, investigation was made on the effect of the case depth, and the conclusion was reached that the maximum value of compressive stress on the carburizing part decreased as the case depth increased.View full abstractDownload PDF (733K) -
Tasaburo Nishioka1958 Volume 22 Issue 5 Pages 225-229
Published: 1958
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn dieser Untersuchung ist die Ziehtemperatur an der Oberfläche des Stahldrahtes mit der praktischen und einfachen Methode mittelst des Berührungspyrometers gemessen worden, das wir erfanden, und über die Einfluss der Ziehtemperatur auf die mechanischen Eigenschaften sind vielen Ergebnisse gesammelt worden. Im besonderen haben wir die kubische Schaubilder gezeichnet, die die Beziehung unter Gesamtabnahme beim Ziehen, Ziehtemperatur, und Zugfestigkeitzunahme in verschiedenen Stahldrähten, und dadurch den Einfluss der Ziehtemperatur auf die Zugfestigkeit aufklären. Beim üblichen Ziehen wird die Ziehtemperatur um so höher, je mehr das Kohlenstoffgehalt, die Zugfestigkeit im wärmebehandelten Zustand und die Gesamtabnahme sind. Und mit grösser werdender Zugabnahme wird die Ziehtemperatur höher und die Zugfestigkeit grösser, und mit erhöhter Ziehgeschwindigkeit steigt die Ziehtemperatur an der Oberfläche des Drahtes, aber die Zugfestigkeit wird nur wenig beeinflusst. Die Zunahme der Zugfestigkeit durch Steigerung der Ziehtemperatur wird um so grösser, je mehr das Kohlenstoffgehalt, die Zugfestigkeit im wärmebehandelten Zustand, und die Gesamtabnahme sind. Im allgemeinen, die Zugfestigkeit steigt von Ziehtemperatur über 150°C rasch an und bei 250° bis 300°C zeigt den grössten Wert, und mit zunehmenden Gesamtabnahme niedrigt die Ziehtemperatur, wobei die grösste Zugfestigkeit vorkommt. Durch diese Untersuchung ist die Beziehung zwischen der Ziehtemperatur und Zugfestigkeit bei Herstellung von Stahldraht uns klar worden.View full abstractDownload PDF (869K) -
Tasaburo Nishioka1958 Volume 22 Issue 5 Pages 229-233
Published: 1958
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn dieser Untersuchung ist der Einfluss der Ziehtemperatur beim Ziehen auf die Dehnung, die Einschnürung, die Verwindezahl und die Auf-und Abwicklungsprüfung von Stahldrähten mit verschiedenen Kohlenstoffgehalten und Gefügen berichtet worden. Nämlich in Bezug auf die Dehnung, die Einschnürung und die Verwindezahl von Stahldraht, bei Ziehtemperatur von 0°C bis 300°C, nehmen sie im allgemeinen mit steigender Temperatur ab, und bei 400°C weichen sie von dieser Neigung ab. Und ausgeglühte und gehärtet-angelassene Stahldrähten zeigen durch Ziehen sehr wenigen Verwindezahl und grösstenteils abnormen Verwindebrüche und Längsrisse, im Vergleich mit patentiertem Stahldraht, aber bei grösser Verformung und hoher Ziehtemperatur erleidet auch patentierter Stahldraht solche Fehler. Die Ergebnisse von Aufund Abwicklungsprüfung sind bei der Ziehtemperatur von 300°C die schlechtesten. Beim Ziehen wird die Zähigkeit des Stahldrahtes mit zunehmender Zugabnahme schlechter, aber der Einfluss der Ziehgeschwindigkeit auf die mechanischen Eigenschaften ist sehr klein. Dieser Bericht, mit dem ersten Bericht, stellt die zusammengefassten Untersuchung über die Beziehung zwischen der Ziehtemperatur und den mechanischen Eigenschaften des Stahlderahts dar.View full abstractDownload PDF (699K) -
Hidehiro Goto, Toshio Watanabe, Kyôhei Suzuki1958 Volume 22 Issue 5 Pages 233-236
Published: 1958
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDetermination of carbon and sulfur in various ferro-alloys was carried out by the use of a high frequency induction furnace. It is important that some suitable accelerator is added to the ferro-alloy samples for obtaining their complete combustion. By using iron, copper, tin, chromic oxide, copper oxide, nickel oxide, cobalt oxide or manganese dioxide as accelerator, volumetric determination of carbon and sulfur in Fe-V, Fe-W, Fe-Cr and Fe-Mn, and also sulfur in Fe-Si, Fe-Ti, magnetite and hematite could be performed rapidly and accurately.View full abstractDownload PDF (456K) -
Tadahisa Nakamura1958 Volume 22 Issue 5 Pages 236-239
Published: 1958
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOn the temper-embrittlement of Ni-Cr structural steel, the author obtained the following results: (1) On the changes of absorbed energy and transition temperature of impact tests of specimens cooled rapidly or slowly after their tempering, that of transition temperatures has been most prominent, and the higher the tempering temperature, the larger their lowering in rapidly cooled condition. (2) In reheating specimens in tough condition, the shifts of transition temperatures have been most pronounced near 500°C and measured about 120°C by embrittling at 500°C for 100 hrs. (3) On the damping behaviours in torsional vibration, its maximum at about 40°C and minimum at about 100°C were higher in specimens cooled rapidly after tempering than in those that cooled slowly. (4) In isothermal embrittlement of specimens in the tough condition, the maximum and the minimum also lowered gradually with the advancement of embrittlement. (5) The extrapolated lattice constants in ferrite become smaller in isothermal embrittlement.View full abstractDownload PDF (727K) -
Takeshi Akutagawa, Toyoaki Bada1958 Volume 22 Issue 5 Pages 240-243
Published: 1958
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUsing a hot stage microscope with cine-camera, the kinetics of β-α transformation during continuous cooling and isothermal holding, and β-α′ transformation by quenching in Ti-V alloys were observed by means of the surface relief associated with the martensitic transformation. The kinetics of the transformations showed the following results: (1) The isothermal β-α transformation in Ti-V alloys is the isothermal martensitic transformation and “Schiebung” martensitic transformation due to the nucleation and growth process. The growth rate of α needles is independent of the isothermal transformation temperature but decreases with the increasing content of V. Both the maximum height of surface relief of α needles and the hardness increase with the increasing temperature of isothermal transformation. (2) When the rate of cooling is below 20°C/min, the growth rate of α needles increases with the increasing rate of cooling during β-α transformation in continuous cooling. But at the same rate of cooling, the growth rate of α needles decreases with the increasing content of V. The maximum height of surface relief of α needles decreases but the hardness increases with the increasing rate of cooling. (3) The β-α′ transformation by quenching is the athermal and “Schiebung” martensitic transformation. The Ms point is independent of the rate of cooling but decreases with the increasing content of V. The structure is the Widmannstäten type, the α′ phase is coherent with the α phase and seem to be the α solution supersaturated in V.View full abstractDownload PDF (935K) -
Yûnoshin Imai, Masuji Kumazawa1958 Volume 22 Issue 5 Pages 244-248
Published: 1958
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn this experiment, the sintering process of intermetallic compound NiAl which has some necessary conditions as high temperature material, excellent oxidation resistance, thermal shock, comparativery stable crystal structure and high melting point 1650°C was studied. It was supposed that the distribution of the particle, the oxide inclusions in the specimen, the kind of binding agent and sintering atomosphere had remarkable influence on the proceeding of sintering. The density, the porosity, the volume change, the hardness and the expansion coefficient were measured and the microscopic structure was examined. The most suitable conditions for sintering process were compacting pressure of 4∼7 t/cm2, sintering temperature of 1400∼1450°C and sintering time of 3∼5 hr in vacuum 10−4 mm Hg.View full abstractDownload PDF (759K) -
Yûnoshin Imai, Masuji Kumazawa1958 Volume 22 Issue 5 Pages 248-250
Published: 1958
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPreviously, our study on the sintering process of refractory hard metallic compound NiAl has been reported on. Now, in order to determine the physical and mechanical properties of sintered NiAl, oxidation resistance, axial rupture by compression, transverse rupture by bending and absorption energy by Charpy test were examined. The following experimental results were obtained: The oxidation resistance of sintered NiAl was stronger than N-155, 25-20 and sintered CoAl, and NiAl cold-pressed at 5 t/cm2, sintered at 1400° for 5 hr, was fractured by Compression of about 15 ton/cm2. The value of absorption energy was generally increased when the testing temperatures rose over 600°.View full abstractDownload PDF (404K) -
Hideharu Ohara1958 Volume 22 Issue 5 Pages 250-253
Published: 1958
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCreep tests on reactor grade zirconium during 1000 hours were carried out under the stresses of 8, 12, 16 and 20 kg/mm2 at the temperatures from 250°C to 500°C in argon atmosphere. The creep rates obtained were from 8×10−5 to 34%/hr. The activation energy for creep was obtained as 78.0 kcal/mol for zero stress.View full abstractDownload PDF (351K) -
Tomo-o Sato, To-oru Furukawa1958 Volume 22 Issue 5 Pages 253-257
Published: 1958
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS17-7-PH stainless steel has been studied for its superior mechanical properties since several years before. In this study, 17Cr, 7Ni stainless steel containing 0.73%Al was experimented upon unveiling the effects of cold reduction degree, intermediate heat treatment and aging temp. and time on its mechanical properties. The following results were obtained: (1) As the Ms point of this steel is in the range of sub-zero, martensite was not formed through ordinary heat treatment only. (2) Austenite of this steel is remarkablly hardened by cold-working and also by the martensite formation during cold-working. Its hardening degree was stronger than that of 18·8 stainless steel. (3) Samples of this steel cold-rolled by 50∼70% reduction were used for aging experiment at 400∼500° for up to 500 hours. The highest mechanical properties were obtained by aging at 450°×8 hrs to 500°×1 hr (Figs. 5∼8). (4) Heat-treated specimens without cold-working were subjected to aging, but higher hardness could not be obtained from them.View full abstractDownload PDF (682K) -
Masayuki Kawasaki, Tadashi Ichiyama, Kikuo Takashina, Osamu Waki1958 Volume 22 Issue 5 Pages 258-261
Published: 1958
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWhen zinc wire recrystallized at a low temperature after cold-drawing is subjected to heating or cooling, it twists in a function of temperature. In thermal cycles in a given low temperature range, the thermal cycle twisting curves are linear and the cooling curves follow the heating curves. If, however, the upper cycling temperature is heightened every cycle, the cooling curves do not follow the heating curves, and therefore, permanent torsion results from the cyclic thermal treatment. The heterogeneity of texture in wire has a remarkably strong influence in thermal twisting. It seems that the pronounced anisotropy of thermal expansion and preferred orientation in zinc play a significant role in thermal twisting.View full abstractDownload PDF (493K) -
Yôtaro Murakami, Toshio Enjyô1958 Volume 22 Issue 5 Pages 261-265
Published: 1958
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMelting point measurement, microscopic observation, Micro-Vickers hardness measurement and X-ray analysis have been employed to investigate the TiMn2-Mn range of the Ti-Mn system. There exists a binary eutectic reaction of Liquid\ ightleftharpoonsTiMn2+Mn in the TiMn2-Mn range, and the nonvariant reaction is considered to occur at the composition of 83.5 wt% of manganese at about 1185°. The solid solubility range of the TiMn2 phase enlarges from 63.7 wt% to 70.9 wt% of manganese at 1150° and narrows down moderately with decreasing temperature. Its lattice parameters c and a decrease with increase of manganese content, while the axial ratio c⁄a, becomes approximately constant at 1.640. The maximum solubility of titanium in manganese is considered to be about 10 wt% of titanium at the eutectic temperature, and its solubility range seems to narrow down slightly with decreasing temperature.View full abstractDownload PDF (934K) -
Yôtaro Murakami, Yasuo Yukawa, Toshio Enjyô1958 Volume 22 Issue 5 Pages 265-269
Published: 1958
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe liquidus surface of the Ti-Fe-Mn system was determined by melting point determination, microscopic observation and Micro-Vickers hardness measurement. Summing up the present experimental results, the liquidus surface diagram as shown in Fig. 2 was obtained. In the figure, AE1EE2 represents a field of the primary separation of Ti and those of TiMn, TiFe and Ti(Fe, Mn)2 are respectively shown by E1EPP1 E2EPP2 and BP1PP2CE3F. The Ti(Fe, Mn)2 phase is a continuous solid solution which exists in the wide range of composition between TiFe2 phase in the Ti-Fe binary system and TiMn2 phase in the Ti-Mn binary system. In this ternary system, two invariant reactions & liquid+Ti(Fe,Mn)_2 \ ightleftharpoonsTiFe+TiMn at about 1,100°,
& liquid \ ightleftharpoonsTi+TiFe+TiMn at about 1,050°are considered to exist.View full abstractDownload PDF (914K) -
Satoshi Kugasa1958 Volume 22 Issue 5 Pages 269-273
Published: 1958
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of zirconium on the recrystallization behaviour of cold-rolled aluminium, aluminium-2% copper alloy and aluminium-2% magnesium alloy has been studied by means chiefly of hardness test and microscopic method. The results obtained are as follows: (1) The recrystallization temperature was elevated remarkably with increase of the amount of alloying zirconium till the content reaches about 0.3 or 0.5% in aluminium and aluminium-magnesium alloy, independent of the change of the temperature of preliminary annealing before final cold-rolling, and in aluminium-copper alloy upon preliminary annealing at a comparatively low temperature. When the content of zirconium was more than 0.3∼0.5%, however, the recrystallization temperature was decreased gradually for aluminium, and are almost same for aluminium-copper and aluminium-magnesium alloys. (2) The recrystallized grain size after final annealing for each system of the alloys become progressively finer with addition of more zirconium till the content reaches about 0.3%. In the speciemens with zirconium of more than this content, however, the recrystallized grain size was fairly fine and almost constant against the change of final annealing temperature as well as cold reduction, also free of influence from the variation of the preliminary annealing temperature. (3) Recrystallization diagrams for Al-Zr, Al-Cu-Zr and Al-Mg-Zr alloys have been proposed, based on the determination of the grain size as a function of rolling reduction and annealing temperature.View full abstractDownload PDF (676K) -
Isao Gokyu, Hideo Abe, Keijiro Suzuki1958 Volume 22 Issue 5 Pages 274-277
Published: 1958
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS3% silicon-iron melted and casted in vacuum (10−4 mm Hg) was cold-rolled to various reductions between 50.0∼97.8% and each rolled specimen was annealed for 15 minutes at 600°, 800° and 950° successively. The variations of integrated intensities of (110), (200) and (112) diffraction lines in the process of successive annealing were measured by a counter-diffractometer. It has been shown that the anomalous growth of the recrystallized grains which have the (110)[001] orientation occurs in sheets reduced 60∼75% by rolling. The maximum proportion of the (110)[001] orientation can be attained on annealing 60%-rolled specimen above 800°. If the reduction is higher than 80%, the anomalous growth of (110)[001] grains cannot be observed and at 97.8% reduction no traces of this orientation could be detected. Discussions have been made on the process of the developement of the (110)[001] texture and the mechanism of nucleation in the light of the Burgers-Cahn mechanism.View full abstractDownload PDF (662K) -
Isao Gokyu, Hideo Abe, Keijiro Suzuki, Akio Kamata1958 Volume 22 Issue 5 Pages 277-280
Published: 1958
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS2.91% silicon-iron was cold-rolled to a reduction of 60.3%, then annealed at 804°C for 15 minutes, and cold-rolled further to various reductions between 39.3 and 80.9%. These rolled specimens were annealed at 700°, 800° and 950° successively. The variations in the integrated intensities of the (110), (200), (112) and (310) diffraction lines during the rolling and annealing processes were observed by means of a counter diffractometer. It has been observed that the (110) 001 orientation which was developed by the intermediate annealing decreases during the second-stage rolling. The anomalous growth of the (110)[001] orientation on annealing has been found to occur conspicuously in all cases where the second-stage rolling reduction is between 40 and 70%. When the second-stage reduction is as high as 80%, the (110)[001] orientation decreases remarkably by rolling and the growth of this orientation on annealing is retarded. These phenomena have been discussed in terms of the idea that the nuclei of the (110)[001] grains are formed by the Burgers-Cahn mechanism and by in reference to the difference in the nucleation rate between the two main components of the cold-rolling texture.View full abstractDownload PDF (412K)
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