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Volume 27, Issue 1
Displaying 1-11 of 11 articles from this issue
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Sadami Tomita1963 Volume 27 Issue 1 Pages 1-4
Published: 1963
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe magnetic properties of an iron-nickel alloy (Mu-metal), that is, Hc(coercive force), μ0(initial permeability) and μm(maximum permeability）were found remarkably changed by additive heat treatment at the temperature range from 300° to 600°C. At the same time, the change of electrical conductivity and the anomalous curve of specific heat were induced by this heat treatment. In general, the magnetic induction falls with rising temperature. But, when the magnetic field strength was less than 0.1 Oe, the thermal demagnetization curve near the Curie temperature was varied with the low temperature heat treatment. Under high field strength (H=2.5 Oe and more), however, this phenomenon was not observed. On the Mu-metal annealed at temperature range from 500° to 550°C, the thermal demagnetization curve considerably shifts to the side of lower temperature, as compared with that of a sample annealed at temperature lower than 480°C or not subjected to heat treatment.View full abstractDownload PDF (309K) -
Sadami Tomita1963 Volume 27 Issue 1 Pages 5-9
Published: 1963
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe incidence angle effect of evaporated permalloy films must be studied for its practical use as magnetic memory elements. It is difficult to obtain uniform magnetic properties and favourable magnetic orientation in a number of elements by the method of the point source, for example, conical basket resistor source. In the permalloy film deposited from the line source upon the inner surface of cylinder, the easy magnetization axis is in the circumferential direction of cylinder. On this occasion, the line source must be set in the position which coincides with the center line of cylinder. The line source for this investigation was operated by utilizing the wetting of molten permalloy material on the tungsten rod.View full abstractDownload PDF (338K) -
Katsuya Watanabe1963 Volume 27 Issue 1 Pages 9-13
Published: 1963
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA cylindrical wüstite pellet was thermally synthesized. The lattice constant of wüstite (4.307Å) in the pellet indicated that the amount of cationic vacancy was very small. It was also found that the magnetite in the pellet had a larger constant (8.52Å) than the stoichiometric one (8.390Å). The pellet was placed on a vitreous silica rod and heated at 1150°C for 24 hrs under A gas. As a result of the heating, a new crystalline phase was formed in the silica rod. The reacted wüstite pellet was separated from the silica at the surface of contact and was filed nearly parallel to the surface. The filings thus obtained from each layer of wüstite pellet were analyzed by using X-ray diffractometer. The nearer to the contact surface, the smaller the lattice constants for both the iron oxides. The largest constant for those oxides was comparable to the values observed befor the reaction. From the present experimental results the author obtained the following conclusions：(1) Wüstite which had reacted with silica might be expressed as Fe1−yO indicating lesser (or no) cationic vacancy as compared with the iron saturated wustite Fe1−xO (y<x). (2) Consequently, as the reaction proceeded the cationic vacancy was accumulated in the wüstite in the neighborhood of the contact surface; therefore, the lattice constant of this wüstite became smaller. (3) When the wüstite was saturated with the vacancy, magnetite was precipitated. This magnetite had a lattice constant comparable with the stoichiometric one.View full abstractDownload PDF (401K) -
Kinji Yokoyama, Tomoo Suzuki1963 Volume 27 Issue 1 Pages 13-17
Published: 1963
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWith a view to study the effect of vacuum melting on Charpy impact value and transition temperature of various constructional alloy steels, experiments were performed on Mn-, Cr- and Ni-Cr steels that had been made from mild steel or electrolytic iron as the main material. The results obtained were as follows: (1) Whatever the main material, vacuum-melted steels showed an impact value remarkably higher than that of air-melted steels. (2) No temper-brittleness phenomenon was found in the steels made from electrolytic iron as material, while this phenomenon was observed in the specimens made from mild steel. However, when some Mn and P had been added by degrees to the steels made from electrolytic iron, their susceptibility to brittleness became gradually enhanced. (3) When the vacuum-melted steels were compared with air-melted steels both containing the equal contents of Mn and P, the transition temperature of the former was found always to lie on the lower side.View full abstractDownload PDF (453K) -
Yoshimitsu Uto, Hyoma Kitajima, Toshio Kai1963 Volume 27 Issue 1 Pages 18-23
Published: 1963
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSLead, high silicon cast irons and high nickel super alloys (Hastelloy D) have conventionally been used as materials corrosion-resistant against sulfuric acid. Since such materials, however, possess poor casting and mechanical properties as well as economical deficiencies, it has become necessary to produce a new Fe-Ni-Si alloy highly resistant to corrosion and abrasion. Various tests have been conducted adding silicon, copper, molybdenum, alminium, chromium or their compounds to Fe-Ni alloy base. In the present paper the effects of silicon addition to Fe-Ni alloy is put in relief. Measurements of hardness, transverse breaking, micro structure and corrosion resistance in sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid of the alloys were carried out. From the measurement, the following results have been obtained. (1) The mechanical properties of Fe-Ni-Si alloy were principally dependent upon silicon contents. In order to get alloys of which the mechanical properties are superior than or at least equivalent to Hastelloy D, it is necessary to keep the silicon contents below 10%. (2) The alloys with the composition of Fe 0∼70%, Si 5∼10% and residual Ni have been found usable in 0∼85% sulfulic acid at the temperatures up 80°C and in 0∼10% hydrochloric acid up to 40°C.View full abstractDownload PDF (825K) -
Kozo Morinaga, Kazutomo Kitagawa, Susumu Sato, Soichi Izumi1963 Volume 27 Issue 1 Pages 23-28
Published: 1963
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe distribution and the constitution of non-metallic inclusions in every solidification zone of rimmed and capped steel ingots were investigated and the etiology of flake-type FeS inclusions, which exist in the highest segregation zone of rimmed steel ingots and large oxide inclusions which exist in the bottom part of both ingots was discussed. The conclusions were as follows. (1) The distribution of sulphides was in compliance with the S-print of ingot, its quantity decreasing gradually in the equiaxed, the large columnar crystal and the rim zones. (2) Large oxide inclusions extracted by the Slime method was found enriched in the bottom center and its quantity in capped steel was larger than in rimmed steel ingot. (3) The large sulphides, of flake type and mainly consisting of FeS, existed in the highest segregation part of equiaxed crystal zone of rimmed steel ingots and MnS-MnO inclusion existed in other parts in that zone. In bottom zone were found much silicates and large silicates containing Al2O3. In the rim zone there was little inclusion. (4) MnS-MnO and MnS MnO-Mn·silicate existed in the segregation part of equiaxed crystal zone of capped steel while in the other parts only MnO-MnS-Mn·silicate, existed. In large columnar zone there was mainly Mn·silicate and in the bottom side in that zone we found large silicates containing Al2O3. In the rim zone little inclusion could be found and only Mn·silicates containing Al2O3 were found.View full abstractDownload PDF (731K) -
Akira Kaya, Yachiyo Kakita1963 Volume 27 Issue 1 Pages 28-31
Published: 1963
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPreviously, the authors have conducted a fundamental investigation on the reduction distillation spectrophotometric method (methylene blue method) for the exact determination of micro-amounts of sulfur in iron and steel. In this work, the authors applied the method for the exact determination of micro-amounts of sulfur in various ferro-alloys-ferro-molybdenum, ferro-tungsten, ferro-chromium, ferro-titanium, ferro-manganese and ferro-vanadium. In the determination of a micro-amounts of sulfur in ferro-alloys by means of the combustion method, some difficulties such as incomplete combustion of samples or contamination of metallic oxides in the titration solution may take place, causing titration error and lack of reproducibility of the resulting value. In the reduction distillation spectrophotometric method presented in this reports, ferro-tungsten and ferro-titanium were dissolved in hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid using Platinum dish, while other ferro-alloys were dissolved in hydrochloric acid and nitric acid in the presence of potassium chlorate. Then the mixture of hydrogen iodide, hypophosphorous acid and hydrochloric acid was added to it to reduce the sulfuric acid to hydrogen sulfide. The hydrogen sulfide then was distilled and absorbed in alkaline cadmium chloride and precipitated as cadmium sulfide. Then methylene blue was formed by the reaction of sulfide ion, p-amino-dimethyl-aniline and ferric chloride and the sulfur content was determined by measuring the absorbance of methylene blue at 670 mμ. By this method Japan Iron and steel standard samples and actual samples were analysed. Standard deviation of the each value for the 0.005% sulfur content was less than 5%. This procedure does not require any special expensive apparatus and moreover it is not necessary to eliminate the main alloying elements. This process may be said therefore a simple and convenient one.View full abstractDownload PDF (288K) -
Riei Ichikawa, Reiko Saito1963 Volume 27 Issue 1 Pages 32-37
Published: 1963
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe distribution of Be in Mg-Al-Be alloys was investigated for the purpose to obtain some informations about the effect of Be on the grain coarsening phenomena of cast structure at the small content of Be. The following results were obtained: (1) When Mg-Al-Be alloys were held at 700°C for 30 min in melting operation, it was found that Fe and Be in molten alloys sank to the bottom of the crucible. Such sinking effect was found to be remarkable on alloys containing more Fe, and was found to be slight on the alloys containing Cu and Mn as impurities. (2) In cast Mg-Al alloys containing Be of 0.005∼0.5% in open moulds, the Be content in the surface parts was found to be more condensed than in the inside average parts of cast specimens. In cast Mg-2Al-Be alloys, the distribution of Be in inside parts was observed to be uniform in the case of smaller Be content. (3) By X-ray diffraction analysis, the formation of the intermetallic compound FeBe2 by Fe and Be was found possible. The formation of this compound may be probably one of the causes of the sinking effect of Be and Fe in molten Mg alloys and therefore this removal effect on Fe may be one of the causes of grain coarsening in the cast structure.View full abstractDownload PDF (448K) -
Ren Obata1963 Volume 27 Issue 1 Pages 37-41
Published: 1963
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSolidification and cooling of steel plate castings in different mould materials were investigated by the temperature measurement. Experiments were carried out on square plates of 200 mm square and 5∼25 mm in thickness. The results obtained were as follows: (1) The solidification time of the steel plate castings was proportional to the square of thicknesses, i.e. t=Kd2, the proportionality constant K being 0.23, 0.22 and 0.05 (sec/mm2) for green-sand mould, firebrick mould, and chill-sand mould (of steel shots bonded with 5% clay), respectively. (2) In green-sand mould, there was scarcely any effect of higher rate of heat extraction from the edges on the solidification of the plates during freezing except in a zone which has a width equal to the plate thickness as measured from the edges. But, after the solidification was completed, the heat extraction from the edges affected the whole parts of the plate and the cooling at the centres of the plates was also accelerated.View full abstractDownload PDF (329K) -
Toshio Sawada, Sakae Kato1963 Volume 27 Issue 1 Pages 42-48
Published: 1963
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA spectrophotometric method for the determination of platinum in titanium alloys has been developed by the use of platinum-tin chloride system. The color reaction of platinum (IV) with tin (II) in hydrochloric acid is very selective but not simple. The character of absorption spectra of platinum-tin chloride complexes along with the color intensities showed markedly varying dependence upon the concentrations of hydrochloric acid, although the changes became essentially far less notable in 1 to 6.3 N hydrochloric acid solution. But it was found that the system can be successfully applied to the spectrophotometric determination of platinum in titanium alloys by closely controlling the concentrations of platinum (IV), tin (II) and hydrochloric acid. Procedure: Dissolve 0.25 g of sample in 28 mL of 6 N hydrochloric, 2.5 mL of 2 M citric and 1 mL of 23 N hydrofluoric acids. When the reaction subsides, add 1 mL of nitric acid and heat the solution gently until dissolution is complete. Add 0.5 g of boric acid and 2 g of urea, and dissolve completely. Cool the solution to 10°∼30°C and transfer to a 50 mL calibrated flask. Add 2.5 mL of 1 M stannous chloride solution in 6 N hydrochloric acid, dilute to the mark with water and mix well. Let stand 5 min and obtain the absorbance of the solution at 404 mμ within an hour. Under the conditions, the system obeyed at the concentrations of 1 to 25 ppm platinum the experimental equation: a=KEY+b where a is the absorbance, KE is the apparent extinction coefficient given by 0.0414, Y is the concentration of platinum in ppm and b is the empirical constant on absorbance given by 0.025, with very good reproducibility through the whole range. Palladium (II) and gold (III) give color, and molybdenum (VI) bleach the color of platinum complexes. But many other elements normally found in titanium alloys cause no interference. The relative error by the developed procedure was less than ±1.5 percent at 0.05∼5 percent platinum level. This method is also useful for the determination of platinum in zirconium-base alloys.View full abstractDownload PDF (556K) -
1963 Volume 27 Issue 1 Pages 48
Published: 1963
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPlease see PDF Wrong:[Please see PDF], [in Japanese], (×100), (×100) Right:[Please see PDF], [in Japanese], (×100×5⁄2), (×100×5⁄2)View full abstractDownload PDF (14K)
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