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Volume 24, Issue 1
Displaying 1-16 of 16 articles from this issue
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Ishi Miura, Tetsuya Takaai1960 Volume 24 Issue 1 Pages 1-4
Published: 1960
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe Young’s modulus and its change accompanied by heat treatment was measured for titanium-silver and titanium-silver-iron alloys by a static method. The Young’s modulus of commercially pure titanium was 10,700 kg/mm2 and this value decreased about 5∼10% with the addition of silver. The Young’s modulus of titanium-silver-0.5% iron alloys containing 5%, 8% and 10% of silver were considerably lower than the values of the same alloys containing 1% and none of silver. But those of titanium-silver-2% iron and titanium-silver-4% iron alloys showed no appreciable change by different silver content. The Young’s modulus of the water-quenched specimens were about 5∼20% lower than those of fully annealed specimens and the difference between the values of the two kinds of specimens was rather greater in the alloys containing iron than in titanium-silver binary alloys. But the Young’s modulus of beta-solid solution was nearly the same as those of slowly cooled structure. No appreciable effect of cold-rolling and subsequent annealing on the Young’s modulus of the titanium-silver-iron alloys was observed in this study.View full abstractDownload PDF (915K) -
Ishi Miura, Tetsuya Takaai1960 Volume 24 Issue 1 Pages 5-8
Published: 1960
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSome mechanical properties of titanium-silver-iron alloys have been studied principally by measuring the Kb values of canti-levered specimens. In titanium-silver alloys, the Kb value was increased considerably with the addition of silver and reached the value of about 90 kg/mm2 for the titanium-10% silver alloy,but in the two phase range it was reduced. In titanium-silver, titanium-silver-0.5% iron and titanium-silver-1% iron alloys, the values of Kb of the water quenched specimens, which consisted mainly of martensitic structure, were rather lower than the fully annealed and slowly cooled specimens. But the above was not true for the titanium-silver-2% iron and titanium-silver-4% iron alloys. The retained beta-solid solution had very higher Kb value. The Vickers’ pyramid hardness number and tensile strength showed corresponding relationship each other but there was no correspondence between Kb and Vickers’ pyramid hardness number or tensile strength. Elongations of the water quenched specimens were generally worse than the slowly cooled specimens. Kb value was considerably lowered by the cold working but by the subsequent annealing it was restored.View full abstractDownload PDF (667K) -
Tomo-o Sato, Hideo Kaneko, Tatsuhiko Negoro1960 Volume 24 Issue 1 Pages 9-12
Published: 1960
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe fundamental studies on the hydrogen reduction of silicon tetrachloride have been already reported by the present authors. In this paper, the development of production of pure silicon to a semi-industrial scale based on the former studies is presented. Some data on the procedure of this production are also given, namely, the amount of silicon deposition, yield of production, mixing ratio of reaction gas as well as the flow rate of hydrogen. Further, the shape and the aggregate state of silicon crystal are observed. The high-purity silicon prepared by this method is expected to be usable as semiconductor material.View full abstractDownload PDF (575K) -
Seita Sakui, Hiroshi Onoda1960 Volume 24 Issue 1 Pages 12-16
Published: 1960
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe temperature rise and distribution in dies of magnesium-alloy (AZ91A) die-casting were compared with that of zinc-alloy and aluminium-alloy die-casting by taking shots-die temperature curves for each alloys. In the case of magnesium die-casting, the saturated temperature of the die was lowest and the temperature distribution in it was most heterogeneous of the three alloys investigated. These more or less undesirable thermal characteristics would make the magnesium-alloy die-casting somewhat more difficult than other two alloys and all these characteristics could be explained by small heat capacity of magnesium alloy.View full abstractDownload PDF (735K) -
Susumu Yoshida, Yukio Ohba, Norio Nagata1960 Volume 24 Issue 1 Pages 16-20
Published: 1960
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe hot-workability of pure chromium at 800° to 1,300°C were studied by an impact compression-testing machine.Three kinds of chromium of different purity were used for testing. One of them was of high-purity prepared by electrolysis from chromic acid solution. The other two were of commercial purity prepared by electrolysis and aluminothermic process. They were melted in an argon arc furnace. The results obtained are as follows. (1) The resistance to impact compression of high-purity chromium changes very little in the temperature range from 800° to 1,100°C. (2) The resistance to impact compression of two kinds of commercial chromium is shown to be much larger than that of high-purity chromium. It increases with rising temperature from 800° to 1,100°C and has a peak between 1,100° and 1,200°C. (3) Below 1,000°C only a small number of cracks are observed and they are mostly transgranular. Above 1,000°C the cracks become mostly intergranular and their number increases. (4) It is concluded that the best working temperature for high-purity chromium ingot exists around 900°C. (5) It seems that the abnormal temperature dependence of the resistance to impact compression of commercial chromium is due to nitrogen atoms dissolved in the grains.View full abstractDownload PDF (907K) -
Nakaaki Oda, Sadayuki Tsunoo, Noboru Orita1960 Volume 24 Issue 1 Pages 20-24
Published: 1960
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSince analysis of high purity Zn metal and ZnCl2 70% solution is in strong demand recently, spectrochemical analysis by solution DC-arc method was studied, as follows: (1) Zn concentration in the sample solution is heightened by HCl containing a small quantity of H3PO4 (H3PO4 prevents the evaporation of impurity Sn in the form of SnCl4). (2) The various factors and the condition levels which affect the sensitivity of this method are determined by (5×5) Graeco-Latin square experimental designation. (3) The sensitivity is expanded about to twice by duplicate exposure, and (4) the optimum analytical line pairs are selected by the variation coefficients calculated from 70 repeated analysis. This spectrochemical method can be applied to industrial routine analysis, in which the impurities Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb and Sn are present in the order of 10−4%, with the precesion of 7% in term of variation coefficient at above S (Opt.d.)=0.4 of impurity line.View full abstractDownload PDF (780K) -
Noboru Makino, Masaki Suzuki1960 Volume 24 Issue 1 Pages 24-28
Published: 1960
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe method for producing MnBi magnet has been studied. A satisfactory high-purity MnBi compound was prepared by sintering powders of Mn and Bi at 260°C for about 1,000 hours. To pulverize MnBi compound,a hammer mill was used in argon atmosphere, and this gave good results. MnBi magnet was produced by pressing powder containing about 8% of resin at 100°C, and curing at 200°C. To obtain good magnetic properties, the magnetic field applied during the pressing should be as powerful as 9,000 Oe or greater. A magnet thus prepared has the residual flux density (Br) of 2,500∼3,800 gauss, and the coercive force (BHC) of 1,200∼2,600 Oe. The thermal coefficient of flux density (α) was about −1.23×10−3 gauss/°C.View full abstractDownload PDF (713K) -
Kyuya Nagasaki, Masami Kaneko, Yoshindo Hagiwara1960 Volume 24 Issue 1 Pages 28-32
Published: 1960
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of different conditions on siliconizing of brass with SiCl4 and H2 were studied and the results obtained were shown in Figs. in this paper. The larger the rate of gas flow, the higher the reaction temperature, the longer the reaction time and the higher the concentration of SiCl4, the weight change as well as the width of the penetrating layer of siliconized brass specimen becomes the greater, but at reaction temperature above 750°C the surface of siliconized specimen begins to melt. The weight change of specimen after siliconizing was in the direction of decrease,and no other compounds than ZnCl2 were detectable in reaction products. Therefore we considered that the siliconizing of brass with SiCl4 and H2 proceeds by the following reaction SiCl4+2Zn\ ightleftarrowsSi+2ZnCl2, and that the rate of siliconizing is determined by the rate of effluence of ZnCl2 from the surface of sample.View full abstractDownload PDF (722K) -
Hidehiro Goto, Yachiyo Kakita, Minoru Hosoya1960 Volume 24 Issue 1 Pages 32-35
Published: 1960
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFundamental experiments were carried out to determine the micro-amounts of aluminium by spectrophotometry, using chrome azurol S, a reagent used in complexometric titration of copper, zirconium and aluminium. By this new method, most part of the iron content was separated by methyl isobutyl ketone and the remaining iron and copper was masked by thioglycolic acid and after adjusting the pH to 5.6∼6.8, the absorbance of the aluminium chelate compound was measured at 550 mμ. This method requires only a few reagents and does not need warming for promoting coloration, nor does it require the protecting colloid in contrast with the aluminon method. Since this reagent presents very sensitive color reaction even in micro-amounts of aluminium, it can be determined in 0.002 to 0.1 per cent with good reproducibility.View full abstractDownload PDF (569K) -
Tetsutarô Mitsuhasi, Renpei Yoda, Masao Yakushiji1960 Volume 24 Issue 1 Pages 36-39
Published: 1960
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt is accepted that the most promising Cr-base alloys for high temperature service are 60%Cr-Fe-Mo alloys containing 15∼25%Fe and 25∼15%Mo. Then the effect of cobalt on 60%Cr-Fe-Mo type alloys with various combination of iron and cobalt content, prepared by rapid melting in a Tammann furnace, was investigated by means of mechanical and metallographical tests. The results obtained were as follows: (1) As the liquidus temperature of the alloys is lowered by replacing iron with cobalt, they can be prepared easily. (2) In any case before and after aging, the more the content of cobalt in the alloys increases, the higher the hardness becomes. (3) The creep property is best in alloys containing 10∼15%Co. (4) Generally, the oxidation-resisting property of the alloys is good. (5) To the alloys below 10%Co can be attributed the possibility of hot-working, and it seems that the temperature of about 1,200° will be suitable for the working. (6) The amount of the σ phase in the matrix of the alloys suddenly increases when the cobalt content exceeds 15%. This phenomenon corresponds with that of the inferiority of the high temperature properties of the alloys above 15%Co.View full abstractDownload PDF (825K) -
Takemichi Ôtsu, Shirô Satô1960 Volume 24 Issue 1 Pages 40-44
Published: 1960
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn investigation has been made of corrosion of some binary copper alloys by high temperature water and steam under saturated pressure, 86 kg/cm2, at 300°C for 250 hours, using autoclave. Binary copper alloys containing aluminium (1, 6, 10%) silicon (1, 3, 4%), manganese (1, 5, 9%), nickel (5, 8, 15%) and tin (2, 6, 12%) were used as-rolled and annealed strip. After the corrosion test had been made, tensile tests and microscopical examination were performed and the following results were obtained. (1) Decreasing of tensile strength and elongation was remarkable on Cu-Al and Cu-Si alloys with increasing alloying element by severe intergranular corrosion. (2) Dealuminization corrosion of β′ and δ phase was observed on Cu-Al alloys of binary phase (α+β′,α+δ). (3) On the other hand, Cu-Mn, Cu-Ni and Cu-Sn alloys suffered no significant loss in tensile strength and elongation as a result of corrosion, but a little susceptibility to intergranular corrosion of Cu-Mn and Cu-Ni alloys was recognized from the microscopical examination of rolled surface of the specimens after tensile tests, due to intergranular parting. (4) Comparing corrosive action of saturated water with that of saturated steam, it was considered that the former was more corrosive that the latter.View full abstractDownload PDF (865K) -
Hakaru Masumoto, Hideo Saitô, Yutaka Sugai, Tatsuo Kôno1960 Volume 24 Issue 1 Pages 44-46
Published: 1960
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThermal expansion coefficient, rigidity modulus and its temperature coefficient were measured for the alloys containing 45 to 80 per cent of cobalt, less than 25 per cent of molybdenum and the rest of iron. The least coefficient of linear expansion in the temperature range 20° to 50° was 5.70×10−6 which was found in an alloy containing 55 per cent of cobalt and 12.5 per cent of molybdenum. The temperature coefficient of rigidity modulus in the same temperature range was generally negative. However, as the compositions approached the ones, at which the thermal expansion coefficient showed its least value, the absolute value of the coefficient diminished, became zero, changed its sign; and reached a positive maximum value (+14.6×10−5) at compositions corresponding to the ones for the least expansion coefficient. Thus, it will be shown that there are certain composition ranges in this system in which the alloys show elinvar-type properties, and those alloys were named “Moelinvar”. Further, the rigidity modulus at 20° was also determined to get the results that the modulus showed a maximum value (9.89×105 kg/cm2) at the composition containing 45 per cent of cobalt and 15 per cent of molybdenum, and a minimum value (6.08×105 kg/cm2) at the composition of 65 per cent of cobalt and 10 per cent of molybdenum.View full abstractDownload PDF (419K) -
Kazuo Ota1960 Volume 24 Issue 1 Pages 46-49
Published: 1960
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFundamental conditions of photometric method of calcium using plasmo corinth dye (sodium 1-hydroxy-4-chloro-2,2-diazobenzene-1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene-3,6-disulfonate) have been investigated and applied to the analysis of cast iron. The absorbancy of calcium-plasmo corinth complex is measured at 620 mμ and stable at least for 1 hour. Since the absorbancy is the maximum on the blank solution without calcium and decreases with increase of calcium, the working curve is prepared against the decrease in absorbancy instead of usual one. Optimum concentration of NaOH and the dye are respectively 1 N and 0.002%. The dye reagent can be preservable at least for 50 hours without change. The color of complex obeys Beer’s law up to 60γ of calcium in 50 mL for 1 cm cell. Prior to the photometric determination of calcium, iron is extracted off with isopropyl ether at 8 N solution of hydrochloric acid and then calcium is precipitated as oxalate from homogeneous soution using urea. The proposed method is suitable for 0.001∼0.06 of calcium in cast iron.View full abstractDownload PDF (581K) -
Akito Yoshida1960 Volume 24 Issue 1 Pages 50-54
Published: 1960
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe formulae expressing activities of FeO, Fe2O3, and total FeO in FeO-Fe2O3-CaO-SiO2 slag have been derived from the Gibbs’ free energy previously obtained by a statistical thermodynamical method, and these activities have been numerically calculated in the range of the oxygen pressure from 10−10 to 1 atm by using constants calculated from phase diagrams and heats of formation. It has been clarified by these calculations that the activities of FeO and total FeO increase but the activity of Fe2O3 decreases as the oxygen pressure decreases. Based on the condition of equilibrium of liquid iron/FeO-Fe2O3-CaO-SiO2/O2 atmosphere, the oxygen pressures where the liquid iron and FeO-Fe2O3-CaO-SiO2 melt are in equilibrium have been derived and numerically calculated for any composition of melts at 1600°.View full abstractDownload PDF (632K) -
Taro Ohtsuki, Akira Suzuki1960 Volume 24 Issue 1 Pages 54-58
Published: 1960
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSince the diffusion of the activator in cathode base metal and through the interface layer is very important for thermionic emission, the basic points in the problem were examined in Ni-Mg-and Ni-Mg-W base metals. The results are as follows: (1) The diffusion rate of magnesium in Ni-Mg-W base metal was measured at various temperatures between 920° and 1050° by evaporation methode in vacuum. The results are expressed by the relation, D=2.1exp(−61,800⁄RT) cm2 sec−1. (2) By heating Ni-Mg-W base metal in the decomposed gas of alkaline earth carbonate, the diffusion rate of magnesium from the base metal is decreased, while no change can be perceived with the naked eye. (3) By forming the interface layer between the base metal and the coated oxides, the diffusion rate of magnesium from the base metal is much decreased and the decreasing rate is remarkable in the case of Ni-Mg-W base metal. (4) By measuring the dependence of the electron emission on temperature with the experimental diode tube, it is shown that the electron emission is limited by the diffusion of activator not through the base metal but throngh the interface layer.View full abstractDownload PDF (658K) -
Masao Izumiyama1960 Volume 24 Issue 1 Pages 58-62
Published: 1960
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe stabilization of austenite during isothermal holding above Ms has been investigated using 1%-carbon, 5%-nickel steel. The stabilization increases with the amount of martensite present, but it is established that the martensite is not an important factor in stabilization. It has been found that actually the presence of martensite is not even necessary for the stabilization to occur. Hence stabilization is possible without prior decomposition of austenite either into bainite or martensite and seems to reflect some internal rearrangement occuring in the parent phase during retarded cooling or isothermal holding.View full abstractDownload PDF (720K)
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