All issues
Volume 27, Issue 4
Displaying 1-10 of 10 articles from this issue
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
Hiroshi Sakao, Kokichi Sano1963 Volume 27 Issue 4 Pages 147-151
Published: 1963
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe equilibria of the reactions of oxygen dissolved in liquid Fe-Co-Cr and Ni-Co-Cr alloys with H2-H2O gas mixtures have been measured at 1600°C. Combining the experimental data with the previous results on the similar equiliblia in the systems of Fe-Co, Fe-Cr, Co-Cr, Ni-Co and Ni-Cr alloys, the relationships between the apparent equilibrium constant and the ternary alloying composition were determined, respectively. From these results, the isoactivity coefficient curves for oxygen were drawn in the ternary alloy field. The possibilities to predict the activity coefficient of oxygen in the ternary alloy from the interaction coefficients were examined.View full abstractDownload PDF (388K) -
Tadashi Yanagihara, Nobuhisa Matano, Yutaka Fukuda1963 Volume 27 Issue 4 Pages 152-156
Published: 1963
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNitriding the high purity chromium prepared in our institute, we made the two kinds of chromium nitrides.
We investigated their chemical procedures.
Samples which were composed of nitrides and metallic chromium on the market were used.
When the samples were dissolved in the perchloric acid (10%), chromium nitrides remained insoluble as the residue. This residue was filtrated and washed after dissolved with hydrochloric acid (6 N).
The nitrogen of the β-Cr2N in the filtrate was determined with steam distillation process.
After the residue was treated in the sulphuric acid, the potassium sulphate and the cupper sulfate, the nitrogen of α-CrN was determined with steam distillation process.View full abstractDownload PDF (510K) -
Tadashi Yanagihara, Yutaka Fukuda1963 Volume 27 Issue 4 Pages 156-160
Published: 1963
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe determination of silicon nitride in silicon steel has been studied.
The sintered model specimen was prepared with synthetic Si3N4 and electrolytic iron in order to determine the analytical conditions.
The specimen was electrolyzed in the solution of sodium citrate, potassium iodide and potassium bromide.
The residue washed with alcohol and ether, was chlorinated with following conditions.
(This article is not displayable. Please see full text pdf.)
The residue after sublimation was treated in hydrochloric acid (6N) to remove AIN.
Then the nitrogen of Si3N4 was determined with fusing distillation method using sodium hydroxide (Fig. 2).
Application of this method to the determination of Si3N4 in silicon steel has been shown the more satisfactory result than of the bromine ester method.View full abstractDownload PDF (330K) -
Hideo Saitô, Yutaka Sugai1963 Volume 27 Issue 4 Pages 160-165
Published: 1963
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo determine the effect of γ\ ightleftharpoonsα transformation due to cold working upon the characteristics of a ferromagnetic γ-phase alloy, the thermal expansion, Young’s modulus and its temperature coefficient were measured on alloy specimens containing 27% of Co, 9% of Cr, 17% of Ni, and the rest Fe which were subjected to cold rolling to various reductions. It was found that the above characteristics were changed very much, showing anomalies caused by cold rolling. With subsequent heat treatment at various temperatures, anomalous changes of the characteristics occured at temperatures from 550° to 600°C, and recrystallization began at 700°C, resulting in a decrease of the anomalies. By observation of the microscopic structure and hardness tests, it was confirmed that the characteristics of the alloy were affected by the γ-α transformation due to cold working.View full abstractDownload PDF (659K) -
Yutaka Arakida, Noboru Hiraoka, Masayoshi Furusawa1963 Volume 27 Issue 4 Pages 165-170
Published: 1963
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIt is difficult to know how is the error of temperature measurement in work shop. Especially, it is very trouble-some to estimate the effect of lack of the uniformity of thermocouple elements on the electric motive force (e.m.f). Because, in most case, the temperature distribution of test furnace for correction of e.m.f. of a thermocouple can not be coincided with the temperature distribution produced along thermocouple elements during its using in work shop.
It is considered that the inhomogenious thermocouple elements is one of the combined elements which is constructed with many uniform elements of minute length. Now, let ΔT is the temperature difference between both ends of the ith minute element, EAi and EBi are parasitic e.m.f. produced in the ith minute element measured at Ti, Ti is the temperature in ith minute element in practical condition, Fi is the temperature coefficient of B-A thermocouple and fAi and fBi are the temperature coefficient of parasitic e.m.f. at Ti, the error ΔT which should be produced in practical condition will be calculated approximately by next formula;
(This article is not displayable. Please see full text pdf.)
In this report, the derivation, the practical meaning and the accuracy of this formula and some experimental evidence are discribed.View full abstractDownload PDF (900K) -
Yunoshin Imai, Masao Izumiyama1963 Volume 27 Issue 4 Pages 170-176
Published: 1963
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe change of free-energy attending the athermal and isothermal martensite transformations in Fe-Ni-Cr and Fe-Ni-Mn alloys was investigated. In Fe-Ni-Cr alloy containing 17 weight%Cr, the driving force necessary for initiating athermal martensite transformation increases as Ni content increases, whereas in the case of the isothermal transformation, this force decreases. When the Ni content in this alloy exceeds about 7 weight%, the martensite is formed isothermally at a temperature above Ms and the driving force at this critical point is about 450 cal/mol. Also the similar phenomena were observed in Fe-23%Ni-Mn alloy. In this alloy, the martensite is formed isothermally at a temperature above Ms when the Mn content exceeds about 3.5 weight% and the driving force at this critical point is about 430 cal/mol. Temperatures for maximum rate of the isothermal martensite formation in the Fe-Ni-Cr and Fe-Ni-Mn alloys are lowered with the increase of Ni and Mn content respectively. The driving forces for athermal martensite transformation in the Fe-Ni-Cr and Fe-Ni-Mn alloys used in the present work are larger than that of other alloys in which the martensite is formed only athermally. From these results, it is suggested that the nuclei of isothermal martensite can not develop into the martensite plates only by the stored free energy, and probably thermal fluctuations will play the important role.View full abstractDownload PDF (472K) -
Tadashi Nemoto, Isao Masaoka1963 Volume 27 Issue 4 Pages 177-181
Published: 1963
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThree high strength steels were heated for various time at various temperatures 300∼500°C in 200 kg/cm2 hydrogen, and the changes of these mechanical properties and structures were studied at room temperature. The results obtained were as follows: (1) Steels which were heated at high temperature and high hydrogen pressure became brittle and remarkably decreased the mechanical strength and the ductility, besides both hardness and carbon content decreased, many inner cracks initiated and fissured at grain boundaries. Then this grain boundaries fissuring gave rise to deterioration of materials. (2) At constant temperature and pressure, it requires an incubation time to become brittle and a plot of lnt vs. reciprocal of heating absolute temperature holds a straight line relationship. (3) Activation energy of embrittlement on the kinetics of hydrogen attack was calculated, but the mechanism of embrittlement by hydrogen attack could not clearly explain. (4) Addition of carbide forming elements molybdenum and heat treatment as normalizing temper increase the resistanse to hydrogen attack and raises embrittlement limits.View full abstractDownload PDF (678K) -
Hisashi Ito, Tsutomu Yanagase, Yukio Suginohara1963 Volume 27 Issue 4 Pages 182-186
Published: 1963
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA measurement of viscosity, which is considered to be under the controll of size and shape of anion existing in the melts, is of gret importance in order to make clear the constitution of molten silicate. Therefore, the change of viscosity appeared in the lead silicate melts by introducing one of various oxides was determined by using a rotating crucible method between 850°C and 1150°C.
As a result of viscosity measurements, it was found that the viscosity contribution of divalent ions was less than that of mono-valent ions, and the viscosity apparently decreased with ionic radius in mono-valent ions, whereas it increased with decreasing ionic radius in di-valent ions.View full abstractDownload PDF (348K) -
Tatsuo Saito1963 Volume 27 Issue 4 Pages 186-191
Published: 1963
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe normal grain growth behavior of cold rolled 3.25 wt%Si-steel has been studied.
The rate of boundary migration was found to be retarded by elements having a low solid solubility such as Te, Pb, Nb, Ag, Au, Sb, Se, Ti, S, and Ni.
The free energy of activation for boundary migration (ΔFA) was calculated. Sufficient amount of these elments being added, the value of ΔFA becomes in close agreement with the free energy of activation for volume self-diffusion of alpha-iron. Impurity atoms with a low intragranular solubility will segregate preferentially at grain boundary because they can there reduce the misfit energy, and then the free energy of activation for boundary migration will tend towards a value approaching that characteristic of volume self-diffusion.View full abstractDownload PDF (1034K) -
Tatsuo Saito1963 Volume 27 Issue 4 Pages 191-195
Published: 1963
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSEffects of minor elements on secondary recrystallization in cold rolled 3.25 wt%Si-steel were studied.
It was found that the presence of impurity elements such as Pb, Sb, Nb, Ag, Te, Se, or S is necessary in order to develop the strong (110)[001] texture by secondary recrystallization. To obtain complete secondary recrytallization, the primary matrix grains must be stabilized so that they remain small as compared with the secondaries which eventually consume them.
The activation energy for nucleation of secondary recrystallization was obtained to be 57∼135 kcal/mol.
The free energy of activation for secondary grain boundary migration at 900°C was calculated to be 30 kcal/mol. This value is much smaller than that for primary grain boundary migration. This result indicates that primary grains in orientations deviating markedly from the primary recrystallization texture grow into secondary grains having specific preferred orientations.View full abstractDownload PDF (390K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|