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Volume 20, Issue 11
Displaying 1-16 of 16 articles from this issue
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Isao Tanabe, Hiroshi Saitô, Taichi Nishida, Kôichi Oku1956 Volume 20 Issue 11 Pages 593-597
Published: 1956
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBy the same method as that adopted in the previous report, using the synthetic slags of MgO 1∼4%, Al2O3 5∼10%, this study was carried out on the relation between the “apparent equilibrium constant” of the Si-reducing reaction, KMn-Sia=(ΣMn)\sqrt[Si]⁄[Mn], and the temperature, the composition of the slags at the temperature range 1410∼1510°. The following experimental equation was obtained (The concentration was expressed by weight %): logK_Mn-Si^a=-1.318(CaO+1.39MgO)/SiO_2-7381.9/T+4.879 The experimental results of the “apparent equilibrium” of the Si-reducing reaction were compared with those of the practical data in producing H-C-Mn and some considerations were described. In addition, some results of the tests on the effect of sulphur on the “apparent equilibrium” were also described.View full abstractDownload PDF (674K) -
Eihachiro Tanaka, Tadatsugu Yoshiki1956 Volume 20 Issue 11 Pages 597-600
Published: 1956
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn the rolling of metal foils by ZR 32-4 type Sendzimir Reversing Cold Strip Mill, the regularly spaced waves which were inclined to the rolling direction were sometimes observed on the strip surface. The occurrence of the phenomena was investigated. The results obtained are summarized as follows: (1) The occurrence of the waves was dependent on the front tension, but not the back tension essentially. (2) The critical values of front tension above which the waves could be suppressed had no relation to the materials of work roll. (3) The patterns of the waves were independent of one pass reduction. (4) No differences in microscopical or radiographical observation could be detected between the regions of waves and of no-waves. (5) The waves were thought to be a kind of the center buckling of strips, but neither to be the stretcher strain produced in aluminium alloys and mild steel, nor to be the herring-bone marking observed on copper alloys.View full abstractDownload PDF (852K) -
Seizo Saito, Kunio Okabayashi, Fumitoshi Nakamura1956 Volume 20 Issue 11 Pages 600-604
Published: 1956
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe authors fundamental studies on the comparison of wear between one-way friction and reciprocating friction, and then intended to clarify the relation between them. For this purpose, we made two kinds of sliding wear-testing machines. In this paper, their characteristics were explained, and preliminary tests showed satisfactory results of the reciprocating friction machine, the mean friction velocity, the velocity distribution and the wear distribution of reciprocating specimen were also reported.View full abstractDownload PDF (685K) -
Seizo Saito, Kunio Okabayashi, Fumitoshi Nakamura1956 Volume 20 Issue 11 Pages 604-608
Published: 1956
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOn the wear of steel against steel (carbon steel) with normal structures), the results of measurements comparing reciprocating friction with on-way friction, using the two kinds of sliding wear-testing machines explained in the previous paper, were reported in this paper. The results obtained were summarized as follows: (1) The wear characteristics depending on the friction velocity and the contact pressure are approximatly similar in both cases. (2) As the friction velocity the contact pressure increase, the initial wear decreases, and the state of stationary were begins earlier. (3) As to the stationary wear, the amount of wear in reciprocating friction is less than in one-way friction, but the difference between the two is small in the range of friction velocity and contact pressure in this experiment. (4) Consequently, on the wear of steel against steel, the wear phenomena in reciprocating friction may be deduced from the results of wear testing of one-way friction.View full abstractDownload PDF (1101K) -
Saburô Shimodaira, Yoshinobu Sawada, Namio Ôtani1956 Volume 20 Issue 11 Pages 608-612
Published: 1956
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSCorrosion phenomena arising from the contact of dissimilar metals have been studied in acid aqueous solutions. Galvanic corrosion of mild steel coupled with stainless steel or gun-metal increased relative with the flow velocity or pH, but decreased in proportion to the weight loss by corrosion due to bimetallic coupling. The galvanic corrosion of cast steel coupled with stainless steel was neglegible in flowing ordinary river water. Cathodic protection of mild steel by zinc was more effective as the pH value became lower. The galvanic corrosion of mild steel was increased by contact with aluminum alloys. No dangerous galvanic corrosion was produced in coupling stainless steels and copper alloys.View full abstractDownload PDF (638K) -
Etsujiro Yajima, Koichi Furusawa1956 Volume 20 Issue 11 Pages 612-615
Published: 1956
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSElimination of banded structure by high temperature annealing, and the difference of change of length of corrosion resistivity between two specimens, longitudinal and transveres to the rolling direction were studied and the following phenomena were observed. (1) The banded structure of Ni-Cr steel could not be easily eliminated by high temperature annealing but that of carbon steel and free-cutting steel was eliminated by 1300°×5 hr annealing. (2) The contraction by heating transformation and the expansion by cooling transformation of transvers specimens was larger than that the of longitudinal. (3) The corrosion loss of transvers specimens was larger than that of the longitudinal.View full abstractDownload PDF (787K) -
Yûnoshin Imai, Masao Izumiyama1956 Volume 20 Issue 11 Pages 615-619
Published: 1956
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe paper states the results of our study on the transformation of retained austenite to martensite in sub-zero temperature range affected by tempering after quenching from various austenitizing temperatures in oil with ball-bearing steel containing 1.02% carbon and 1.35% chromium as material. The results obtained were as follows. The Ms′ temperature of specimen quenched from low austenitizing temperature is lower than of that quenched from high austenitizing temperature. By tempering prior to sub-zero treatment, the stabilization proceeds rapidly within 1 minute, and the Ms′ point occurs at constant temperature up to 10 minutes, afterwards the retained austenite becomes unstable—the so called conditioning—and consequently the Ms′ temperature rises up a little. The higher the tempering temperature the more rapid this phenomenon. But no change corresponding to this phenomenon could be found in the amount of dilatometric expansion and this suggests that the number of the nuclei taking part in this phenomenon would be only small. No change in the Mf point by tempering could be found in this investigation.View full abstractDownload PDF (854K) -
Yûnoshin Imai, Tetsurô Ishizaki1956 Volume 20 Issue 11 Pages 619-622
Published: 1956
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo ascertain the effect of nitrogen on the strain-aging in low carbon steels, the usual tensile tests were carried out at room temperature, and it was found that nitrogen was the principal cause of this phenomenon, although the strain-aging due to carbon was seen at long time range.View full abstractDownload PDF (609K) -
Yûnoshin Imai, Tetsurô Ishizaki1956 Volume 20 Issue 11 Pages 622-625
Published: 1956
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn continuance to the 18th report, an experiment were carried out to ascertain the effect of silicon and manganess on strain-aging in low carbon steels; and it was found that silicon and manganese reduce the strain-aging principally due to nitrogen, but the strain-aging due to carbon, which was seen at long time range, increased a little.View full abstractDownload PDF (510K) -
Minoru Tanaka1956 Volume 20 Issue 11 Pages 626-630
Published: 1956
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis is the report of the experiments on the measurements of the hardness, the toughness and the deformation of heat-treated tool steels as shown in Table 1. Steel A and B are the newly prepared W-Co steels for this test and the others are Ultimo 6 and Monark 2, the products of Atlas Steels Ltd. in Canada. Static and dynamic bending tests were performed to evaluate the toughness of steel using the unnotched test pieces. The deformation of steels due to heat-treatments were measured by Universal Measuring Microscope of Carl Zeiss using cylindrical test pieces as shown in Fig. 2. The main results of this test are shown in Fig. 5∼9 and Table 2∼3, and summarized as follows: (1) The newly prepared W-Co steels have some adaptive properties which are required for shock resistance steels and especially the steel B shows high hardness and toughness after quenching in water from 820°C and tempering at 200°. However, the deformation due to water-quenching of steel B is comparable with that of plain high carbon tool steels. (2) As the results of these tests steel U and steel M show the adequate properties for shock resistance steels. (3) The dynamic bending test described in this paper may be applied to compare the toughness of heat-treated tool steels when the steels are deformed plastically or can not be broken off by the static bending tests. In such a case, a similar tendency is obtained between the absorbed energy in dynamic test and the elastic absorbed energy (Ee in Fig. 1-b or c) in static test.View full abstractDownload PDF (822K) -
Masuji Kyotani1956 Volume 20 Issue 11 Pages 630-634
Published: 1956
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSExperiments were carried out with 4 grades of zinc specimens (99%, 99.9%, 99.99%, 99.999%) and the effect of the degree of purity on several properties has been studied. In this study, 99.999% Zn was refined by distillation from 99.996% Zn. The results obtained are as follows: (1) The corrosion of zinc is strongly influenced by the degree of purity, the higher the purity becomes the better the corrosion resistance. (2) The annealing hardness becomes lower with the increase of purity. On the work-softening of zinc the cold rolling reduction showing the maximum hardness shifts to the lower reduction with the increase of purity, and at last no more changes of hardness by cold working or by annealing have come to be recognized. (3) On the growth condition of single crystals by melting, the high purity zinc grows more easily than the lower purity specimens.View full abstractDownload PDF (772K) -
Hisato Hagiwara1956 Volume 20 Issue 11 Pages 635-637
Published: 1956
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe chemical activity of sulphur in liquid lead alloys of Pb-S-X-Y……was measured by means of the reaction, S(in liq. Pb-S-X-Y…)+H_2=H_2S, K=P_H_2S/P_H_2[s] at 8000 C. Where X, Y,……are added elements such as silver, copper, bismuth and antimony. From this equilibrium, the following relation was found adequate to express the activity coefficient of sulphur in liquid lead alloys: f_S=f_S^X·f_S^Y·…… or logf_S=logf_S^X+logf_S^Y+……where fS and fSX, fSY, …… are the activity coefficients of sulphur in liquid Pb-S-X-Y-…… and Pb-S-X, Pb-S-Y, …… respectively. This equation can be applied to the dilute solution of X, Y, …… in Pb, and its application to solutions of higher concentration is not in good agreement with the experimental results.View full abstractDownload PDF (473K) -
Hakaru Masumoto, Hideo Saitô, Minoru Takahashi1956 Volume 20 Issue 11 Pages 637-641
Published: 1956
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe magnetostriction and magnetization at high temperatures in Ni-Co alloys thermaly demagnetized have been measured simultaneously and their time changes at constant temperatures under external fields of various strengths have been continuously traced from the instant of an application of the field. The amount of the time change of magnetostriction at high temperatures becomes larger with the duration of the application of the field and with the strength of applied field, while in the case of magnetization, the amount of its time change is largest when the strength of applied field is comparatively small. The effect of isothermal magnetic annealing on the magnetostriction of Ni-Co alloys begins to appear at about 300° and increases rapidly with a rise of temperature, till the striction reaches its maximum value at about 350°. Then it decreases gradually and finally vanishes at the Curie temperature. In progress of the effect, the negative magnetostriction becomes smaller and even changes to a positive one in the case of the alloys containing large amount of cobalt, while the positive striction becomes larger. It may be supposed that this relaxation is a micro-creep or a phenomenon similar to it, due to magnetostriction at high temperatures.View full abstractDownload PDF (690K) -
Hakaru Masumoto, Hideo Saitô, Minoru Takahashi1956 Volume 20 Issue 11 Pages 641-644
Published: 1956
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe magnetostriction and the magnetization at room temperature in Ni-Co alloys have been measured after isothermal magnetic annealing at various high temperatures under external fields of various strengths, which were applied till the time changes of magnetostriction and magnetization were completed. The effect of the magnetic anneal on the magnetic properties a at room temperature in Ni-Co alloys begins to appear at about 330° and increases rapidly with rise of temperature, till it reaches its maximum portion. Then, the effect decreases gradually and finally vanishes at the Curie temperature. The amount of the change of magnetostriction at room temperature is larger, as the strength of the field applied during annealing is larger and the duration of magnetic anneal is longer. And in progress of the effect, the negative striction in an ordinally annealed state becomes smaller and even changes to a positive one in the case of the alloys containing a large amount of cobalt, while the positive striction becomes larger. The change of the maximum permeability at room temperature is almost similar to that of the magnetostriction with the magnetic annealing temperature and the annealing duration.View full abstractDownload PDF (602K) -
Tohru Yokoyama1956 Volume 20 Issue 11 Pages 644-647
Published: 1956
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis is a report of researches on the process of superlattice formation in FeCo alloy. Part I deals with the measurement of the equilibrium specific electric resistance in FeCo alloy. It has been discovered that the superlattice FeCo is quickly formed as soon as the temperature drops below the order-disorder transformation point. The equilibrium specific electric resistance-temperature curve is entirely reversible and shows distinct changes at 730° and 550°.View full abstractDownload PDF (441K) -
Tohru Yokoyama1956 Volume 20 Issue 11 Pages 647-650
Published: 1956
Released on J-STAGE: April 04, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe specific heat-temperature curve of the ordered FeCo alloy shows two peak values at 550° and 730°. The transformation heat-temperature diagram reveals a break at 550°. In the hardness measurement by Micro-Vickers’ hardness tester, there is almost no change except for a maximum appearing at about 525°. Thus, it has been established that the alloy FeCo has a change at 550°.View full abstractDownload PDF (527K)
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