巻号一覧
46 巻 (2002)
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- 3 号 p. 117-
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46 巻, 3 号
選択された号の論文の10件中1～10を表示しています
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総説
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塩尻 かおり, 前田 太郎, 有村 源一郎, 小澤 理香, 下田 武志, 高林 純示原稿種別: 総説
専門分野: [not specified]
2002 年 46 巻 3 号 p. 117-133
発行日: 2002年
公開日: 2003/04/25
ジャーナル フリーCarnivorous natural enemies of herbivores such as predators and parasitoids use herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPV) when searching for their prey/hosts. This paper summarizes the specificity of (1) plant-carnivore interactions, (2) plant-plant interactions, (3) plant-herbivore interactions, (4) herbivore-herbivore interactions and (5) herbivore-carnivore interactions mediated by HIPV under both laboratory and field conditions. The biochemical and molecular mechanisms involved in the production of HIPV by plants, and chemical nature of elicitors are also reviewed. The prospect for application of HIPV in pest management is discussed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (233K)
原著
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菖蒲 信一郎, 御厨 初子, 山口 純一郎, 松崎 正文, 松村 正哉原稿種別: 原著
専門分野: [not specified]
2002 年 46 巻 3 号 p. 135-143
発行日: 2002年
公開日: 2003/04/25
ジャーナル フリーFluctuations in the wing-form ratio of the brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens, were examined by collecting fifth-instar nymphs from rice fields. Two peaks of brachypterous females were observed at 40–50 days after transplanting (DAT) and 75–85 DAT (5 days before heading–10 days after heading). After 75–85 DAT, the percentage of brachypterous females decreased with an increase in BPH density. However, the BPH density was still low after 40–50 DAT when the first decrease in the percentage of brachypterous females occurred. Thus, not only population density of BPH, but also the rice plant stage seems to affect the fluctuations in female wing-form ratio. The SPAD readings of rice leaf, which are associated with leaf nitrogen content, fluctuated with rice plant stage and showed two peaks at 30–50 DAT and 65–80 DAT. The fluctuation pattern of the SPAD readings was similar to that of the percentage of brachypterous females. This suggests that the percentage of brachypterous females fluctuated in accordance with a decrease in nitrogen content of rice plants.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (102K) -
仲本 寛, 澤岻 淳原稿種別: 原著
専門分野: [not specified]
2002 年 46 巻 3 号 p. 145-151
発行日: 2002年
公開日: 2003/04/25
ジャーナル フリーWe confirmed positive phototactic responses of the West Indian sweet potato weevil, Euscepes postfasciatus (Fairmaire) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) to red, yellow, green, and blue rays of a LED (light emitting diode) in the laboratory. We examined a trap baited with sweet potato roots and the LED sources for attraction of the weevils in a sweet potato field. Except for red LED, the sweet potato root traps with the yellow, green or blue LED captured significantly more weevils than that without the LED source in the field. Furthermore, we developed a new LED trap without sweet potato roots, and confirmed that the trap was applicable for efficient capture of weevils in a mature sweet potato field.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (327K) -
臼井 トア子原稿種別: 原著
専門分野: [not specified]
2002 年 46 巻 3 号 p. 153-158
発行日: 2002年
公開日: 2003/04/25
ジャーナル フリーTo study the inhibitory mechanisms of the ventral longitudinal muscle fibers of the mealworm larva Tenebrio molitor, the effects of several inhibitory compounds on the excitatory post-synaptic potentials (EPSPs), membrane potentials and L-glutamate-induced potentials (GLU-Ps) were investigated by means of a microelectrode. Application of GABA, glycine, L-α-alanine, β-alanine, taurine and picrotoxin were used in the muscle preparations. None of these compounds had an effect on the EPSP and membrane potentials. In contrast, GLU-Ps were potentiated by picrotoxin, GABAA antagonist and chloride channel blocker, whereas GABA, glycine, L-α-alanine, β-alanine and taurine had no effect. This potentiation of GLU-Ps may result from a blockade of glutamate-gated chloride channels by picrotoxin. These results suggested the presence of extrajunctional chloride-channel-type glutamate receptors in the ventral longitudinal muscle fibers of the larval mealworm. A similar result was obtained with a glutamate agonist, quisqualate, suggesting the chloride channel may be under the control of a quisqualate like receptor.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (77K) -
笠井 敦, 矢野 修一, 西田 隆義, 上遠野 冨士夫, 高藤 晃雄原稿種別: 原著
専門分野: [not specified]
2002 年 46 巻 3 号 p. 159-162
発行日: 2002年
公開日: 2003/04/25
ジャーナル フリーWe studied the spatial distribution patterns of various types of domatia on Cinnamomum camphora Linn. leaves and the seasonal occurrence of eriophyid mites inhabiting the domatia. At the time of foliation in the spring, the domatia on the leaves at the proximal part of shoots had a wide-entrance, while that on the leaves at the other parts had a narrow-entrance. With the advance of foliation, the peak density of eriophyid mites shifted from previous-year leaves to current-year leaves, and from proximal to distal parts of the current-year shoot. Eriophyid mites increased in number at the domatia with a wide-entrance early in the season, and later they seemed to migrate to the domatia with a narrow-entrance.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (117K) -
高橋 明彦, 樋口 博也原稿種別: 原著
専門分野: [not specified]
2002 年 46 巻 3 号 p. 163-168
発行日: 2002年
公開日: 2003/04/25
ジャーナル フリーThe efficiency of light trap catches for monitoring the overwintering generation of the rice leaf bug, Trigonotylus caelestialium (Kirkaldy), was evaluated. Adult emergence was surveyed four ways in Joetsu (37°06′N, 138°16′E), Niigata Prefecture in 2000 and 2001. The date of the first catch in the light trap was well synchronized with the results of sweeping in the levees, rearing experiment under natural conditions and water pan trap baited with conspecific females, for each year. The light trap catches remarkably reflected the difference in the timing of adult emergence between the two years, which would be caused by yearly fluctuations in the spring temperature. Thus the light trap appears to be useful for monitoring the adult emergence of the overwintering generation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (123K) -
前田 聖子, 仲島 義貴, 田頭 栄子, 高木 正見原稿種別: 原著
専門分野: [not specified]
2002 年 46 巻 3 号 p. 169-173
発行日: 2002年
公開日: 2003/04/25
ジャーナル フリーWe investigated effects of sucrose solution on Orius sauteri nymphal survival rates, adult longevity and fecundity in the absence of arthropod prey. When first instar and third instar nymphs were fed 30% sucrose solution, they lived longer and reached a later instar than those fed on distilled water. However, there were no significant differences in longevity and fecundity between adult females fed sucrose and those fed distilled water. Therefore, sucrose solution provides nutritional benefits to O. sauteri nymphs, but other materials (i.e. protein) may be necessary to increase adult performance. In agro-ecosystems, it is regarded that biological control using O. sauteri can be enhanced by application of sucrose solution as a food source.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (93K)
短報
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浅野 昌司, 福永 克久, 高井 昭原稿種別: 短報
専門分野: [not specified]
2002 年 46 巻 3 号 p. 175-178
発行日: 2002年
公開日: 2003/04/25
ジャーナル フリーAn insect virus formulation, BCGV-01, which contains both the oriental tea tortrix, Homona magnanima ganulovirus (HomaGV) and the summer fruit tortrix, Adoxophyes orana fasciata, granulovirus (AdorGV) was investigated pathogenically against neonates of H. magnanima and A. honmai by four kinds of bioassay methods (egg mass dipping, peroral droplet feeding, diet mixing, and leaf dipping). A. honmai was more susceptible to BCGV-01 than H. magnanima although the degree of susceptibility varied in the four bioassay methods. The concentrations giving about 50% infection were different among the four bioassay methods. The lowest effective concentration was in a leaf dipping method, increasing with diet mixing, peroral droplet feeding and egg mass dipping method. About 1,000 fold differences occurred between the minimum value by the leaf dipping method and the maximum one by the egg mass dipping method. However the variance of mean infection was largest in the leaf dipping method and the least in a droplet feeding one. These results suggest an appropriate bioassay method for granulovirus formulation should be chosen from the standpoints of sensitivity, reliability, and simplicity depending on the bioassay objective.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (47K) -
平江 雅宏, 福田 善通, 田村 克徳, 大矢 慎吾原稿種別: 短報
専門分野: [not specified]
2002 年 46 巻 3 号 p. 178-181
発行日: 2002年
公開日: 2003/04/25
ジャーナル フリーA method for evaluating the resistance of rice to green rice leafhopper, Nephotettix cincticeps (Uhler), based on nymphal growth was developed. Nymphs grew to the second instar on seedlings of susceptible varieties of rice within 3 d and 8 h to 4 d. Therefore, 4 d is a reliable index for nymphal growth rate to the second instar. The B1F1 population, from the cross between a resistant rice line Norin-PL6 and a susceptible variety of Toyonishiki, was segregated into resistant and susceptible populations by a combination of nymphal survival rate and nymphal growth rate to the second instar in a test using the seedlings of the rice plants. In a leaf blade test at the heading time of rice plants, the results were similar to those in the seedling test. This fact indicates that the combination of nymphal survival rate and nymphal growth rate to the second instar is effective for the evaluation of rice resistance.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (66K) -
昆野 安彦, 松田 一寛, 小西 和彦原稿種別: 短報
専門分野: [not specified]
2002 年 46 巻 3 号 p. 182-184
発行日: 2002年
公開日: 2003/04/25
ジャーナル フリーThe hymenopterous parasitoids of Cystidia couggaria (Guenée) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) were investigated in Sendai, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan. The parasitoids that emerged from Cystidia couggaria pupae were Chouioia cunea (Eulophidae), Monodontomerus minor (Torymidae), Brachymeria lasus (Chalcididae), Brachymeria sp. (Chalcididae), Dibrachys cavus (Pteromalidae) and Eupelmus sp. (Eupelmidae). The dominant species was M. minor.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (65K)
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